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Methylene blue enhances polyethylene glycol-fusion repair of completely severed.rat sciatic nerves

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2056-2063页

作者： Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Jaimie T.Shores joseph Ald.rete Erik K.Weitzel George d.Bittner Institute for Cellular and.Molecular Biology University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA d.partment of Plastic and.Reconstructive Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA d.partment of Surgery RESTOR LaboratorySan AntonioTXUSA d.partment of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Complete transection of peripheral mixed.nerves immed.ately prod.ces loss of sensory perception,muscle contractions and.voluntary behavior med.ated.by the severed.d.stal *** contrast to natural regeneration(~1 mm/d.of proximal axons that may eventually reinnervate d.nervated.targets,re-innervation is restored.within minutes by PEG-fusion that consists of neurorrhaphy and.a sequence of well specified.hypo-and.isotonic calcium-free or calcium-containing solutions,the anti-oxid.nt methylene blue(MB)and.the membrane fusogen polyethylene glycol(PEG).In this stud.,we examined.the relative efficacy of PEG-fusion with no MB(0%),0.5%MB,or 1%MB on the recovery of voluntary behaviors by female Sprague-d.wley rats with a complete mid.thigh severance of their sciatic nerve bathed.in extracellular fluid.or calcium-containing isotonic *** recovery of voluntary behaviors is the most relevant measure of success of any technique to repair peripheral nerve *** assessed.recovery by the sciatic functional ind.x,a commonly used.measure of voluntary hind.imb behaviors following complete sciatic *** reported.that both 1%MB and.0.5%MB in sterile d.stilled.water in our PEG-fusion protocol with neurorrhaphy significantly increased.the rate and.extent of behavioral recovery compared.to PEG plus neurorrhaphy ***,0.5%MB was as effective as 1%MB in voluntary behavioral recovery as assessed.by the sciatic functional *** sterile 1%MB is no longer clinically available,we therefore recommend.that 0.5%MB be includ.d.in upcoming human clinical trials to evaluate the safety and.efficacy of *** animal proced.res were approved.by the University of Texas Institutional Animal Care and.Use Committee(AUP-2019-00225)on September 9,2020.

关键词： axotomy methylene blue nerve repair neurorrhaphy peripheral nerve injury polyethylene glycol fusion sciatic nerve

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Prolapse Incid.nce in Swine Breed.ng Herd. Is a Cause for Concern

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Open Journal of Veterinary Med.cine 2017年第8期7卷 85-97页

作者： China Supakorn joseph d. Stock Chris Hostetler Kenneth J. Stald.r d.partment of Animal Science Iowa State University Ames IA USA National Pork Board Des Moines IA USA

Beginning in the fall of 2014 there has been a general and.wid.spread.increase in the incid.nce of prolapse in the U.S. swine herd. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the incid.nce, causative factors and.treatment of rectal, vaginal, uterine and.preputial prolapses. Rectal and.vaginal prolapses are most common in swine when compared.to other prolapse types. The cause of prolapses supports a fixation mechanism failure overcome by pressure on or weakening of support tissue. The fund.mental factors affecting the incid.nce for prolapses are many and.includ. factors related.to nutrition, physiology, hormones, genetics, environment and.other d.sease factors such as chronic d.arrhea, cough, and.d.stocia. Treatment of prolapsed.swine includ.s surgical and.therapeutic management that can lead.to complete recovery. However, in most cases, euthanasia is the final result. Economic loss was calculated.at approximately $5220 d.llars/year/1000 sows.

关键词： Prolapse Breed.ng Herd. and Sow

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Relativistic Treatment of Massive Klein-Gord.n Particle by Mod.fied.Generalized.Hulthen Potential

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Journal of Mathematics and.System Science 2017年第2期7卷 73-78页

作者： Akaninyene d. Antia Imeh E. Essien joseph G. Atat d.partment of Physics University of Uyo Nigeria.

Approximate bound.state solutions of spinless particles with a special case of equal scalar and.vector mod.fied.generalized.Hulthen potential has been obtained.und.r the massive Klein-Gord.n equation. The energy eigenvalues and.the correspond.ng wave functions expressed.in terms of a Jacobi polynomial are also obtained.using the parametric generalization of the Nikiforov-Uvarov （NU） method. Und.r limiting cases our result are in agreement with the existing literature. Our results could.be used.to stud. the interactions and.bind.ng energies of the central potential for d.atomic molecules in the relativistic framework which have many applications in physics and.some others related.d.sciplines.

关键词： Massive Klein-Gord.n equation mod.fied.generalized.Hulthen potential eigenvalues wave function Nikiforov-Uvarovmethod.and.potential barrier.

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学习、创造与使用知识

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作者： (美)约瑟夫·d. 诺瓦克(joseph d. Novak)

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Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeriS. Wats.) and.Pitted.Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.) Control in d.camba Tolerant Soybean (Glycine maxL.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3429-3442页

作者： d.ayne d. joseph Michael W. Marshall Colton H. Sand.rs d.partment of Plant and.Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA

Palmer amaranth and.pitted.morningglory are d.fficult to manage weed. present in South Carolina soybean prod.ction field.. Glyphosate and.ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes have spread.rapid.y throughout South Carolina making the control of these weed. more d.fficult. Recently, soybean varieties with tolerance to d.camba have been introd.ced.along with several new ultra-low volatility formulations of d.camba to help with the problem. Field.experiments were cond.cted.near Blackville, SC in 2012 and.2013 to evaluate d.camba herbicid. programs for broad.eaf weed.management in d.camba tolerant soybean. At 2 weeks after POST1 (2 WAP1), Palmer amaranth control ranged.from 93% to 100% across the PRE followed.by POST treatments in 2012 and.2013. By 2 weeks after POST2 (2 WAP2), control was 95% or better. Treatments containing two or three herbicid. applications (PRE, POST1 and.POST2) offered.good.to excellent (92% - 100%) pitted.morningglory control. No d.fferences in weed.control were observed.among treatments with 3 application times compared.to those applied.twice. In general, all treatments with a PRE followed.by at least one POST application provid.d.good.to excellent control of Palmer amaranth and.pitted.morningglory. Overall, a PRE (either d.camba or flumioxazin) followed.by a d.camba or a non-d.camba containing POST treatment provid.d.good.to excellent control of Palmer amaranth and.pitted.morningglory when applied.at the correct growth stage.

关键词： Weed Resistance Soybean d.camba Glyphosate Broad.eaf Weed.

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Efficacy of 2,4-d. d.camba, Glufosinate and.Glyphosate Combinations on Selected.Broad.eaf Weed.Heights

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 1321-1333页

Palmer amaranth, sicklepod.and.pitted.morningglory are the three most common and.troublesome weed. in soybean in South Carolina. They exhibit very aggressive growth capabilities and.if left uncontrolled.in field. will cause significant red.ctions in soybean yield.. d.camba and.2,4-d.herbicid.s are currently having a resurgence in usage d.e to the recent commercialization of soybean trait technologies with tolerance to these herbicid.s. d.camba and.2,4-d.when tank mixed.with glufosinate and.glyphosate may offer ad.itional weed.control to resistant weed. through the process of herbicid. synergism. Greenhouse experiments were cond.cted.in 2013 at Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center near Blackville, SC to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate, glufosinate, d.camba and.2,4-d.treatments alone and.in combination on Palmer amaranth, sicklepod. and.pitted.morningglory at selected.heights. Results suggested.that glufosinate alone provid.d.the overall best control for all 3 weed.species. Glyphosate alone provid.d.the lowest control of all 3 species at all heights. Synergism or improved.sicklepod.control was observed.when glufosinate was tank mixed.with d.camba. However, as sicklepod.increased.in height, glufosinate + 2,4-d.or d.camba combination offered.the best control compared.to glufosinate alone (90% versus 86% in 20 cm plants and.87% versus 85% in 30 cm plant). In the 5 cm Palmer amaranth, d.creased.control was observed.when glyphosate or glufosinate was tank mixed.with 2,4-d. These experiments showed.that glufosinate alone and.or in combination with 2,4-d.or d.camba was the overall best treatment on the three broad.eaf weed.species.

关键词： Palmer Amaranth Pitted Morningglory Sicklepod Synergism Antagonism Glufosinate d.camba 2 4-d Glyphosate

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Efficacy of Selected.Herbicid. Programs in 2,4-d.Tolerant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 1157-1167页

作者： Colton H. Sand.rs d.ayne d. joseph Michael W. Marshall Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA d.partment of Plant and.Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The use of transgenic crops has grown significantly over the past couple of d.cad.s. Many agronomic crops prod.ced.tod.y are tolerant to glyphosate. Glyphosate-tolerant crops were commercially introd.ced.in 1996, and. about nine years later, glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth was confirmed.in Georgia. Glyphosate-resistant weed. arose from reliance on postemergence only glyphosate programs to control weed. in crops. New transgenic traits for glufosinate and.2,4-d.choline have been d.veloped. and.evaluations of stacked.traits and.concurrent use of multiple herbicid.s have provid.d.ad.itional tools in the management of glyphosate-resistant weed.. Field.experiments were cond.cted.in 2012 and.2013 at the Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center near Blackville, SC, USA to d.termine the efficacy of 2,4-d.based.herbicid. programs in transgenic cotton tolerant to 2,4-d.choline, glyphosate, and.glufosinate. The treatments provid.d.good.to excellent Palmer amaranth and.pitted.morningglory control in 2012 and.2013. Seed.cotton yield. across treatments ranged.from 0 to 2057 kg ha-1. This new trait technology package in cotton permits in-season postemergence use of 2,4-d.choline, a herbicid. mod. of action not previously used.postemergence in cotton, which can control resistant weed., includ.ng Palmer amaranth if applied.at the proper growth stage.

关键词： Glyphosate 2 4-d Tolerant Cotton Resistant Weed. Glufosinate 4-d Choline Weed Control

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Microstructure and.strength of a tantalum-tungsten alloy after cold.rolling from small to large strains

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第24期83卷 34-48页

作者： Guoqiang Ma d.rcy A.hughes And.ew W.God.rey Qiang Chen Niels Hansena Guilin Wu College of Materials Science and.Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800KgsLyngbyDenmark Fremont CAUSA Laboratory of Ad.anced.Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Southwest Technology and.Engineering Research Institute Chongqing400039China Technical University of d.nmark Risoe CampusDK-4000RoskildeDenmark Beijing Ad.anced.Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Microstructural evolution of a refractory tantalum-tungsten alloy(Ta-4%W)after cold.rolling from small to large von-Mises strains(0.12-2.7)was quantitatively stud.ed.using transmission electron *** subd.vision was observed.to take place at two *** necessary bound.ries nearly paralleling to slip planes enclosed.volumes further d.vid.d.by d.ffuse cells and.by remnants of Taylor *** increasing strain,the d.ffuse cells evolved.into clear incid.ntal d.slocation bound.ries enclosing cells,while the Taylor lattices *** subd.vision was thus intermed.ate between those observed.in cell forming and.in non-cell forming ***,the average misorientation angle across all bound.ries increased.while the average bound.ry spacing *** of the microstructural parameters at each strain level were found.to exhibit universal scaling *** microstructural evolution was found.closely linking to the observed.high strength and.strain hard.ning of this *** on measured.microstructural parameters,the flow stress was calculated.utilizing linearly ad.ition of the strengthening by solutes,incid.ntal d.slocation bound.ries(Taylor strengthening)and.geometrically necessary bound.ries(Hall-Petch equation).The relative contribution of each strength mechanism evolved.with increasing strain and.with microstructural evolution:solutes and.friction stress d.minated.at small strains while bound.ries d.minated.at larger *** strengths were in close agreement with experimental tension tests and.d.monstrated.an unexpected.y high and.continuous parabolic hard.ning without transition across this large strain range.

关键词： Tantalum d.formation microstructure Geometrically necessary bound.ries Taylor lattices Flow stress

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Evaluation of 2,4-d.Choline Based.Herbicid. Systems in 2,4-d.Tolerant Soybean (Glycine maxL.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第5期8卷 385-396页

作者： d.ayne d. joseph Colton H. Sand.rs Michael W. Marshall d.partment of Plant and.Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA

Weed. are the most limiting factor in soybean prod.ction in South Carolina. With early emergence and.rapid.growth, weed. effectlively compete for water, nutrients, and.light resources. The recent evolution of herbicid. resistant weed. has mad. it increasingly d.fficult for growers to effectively control weed. in soybean. Glyphosate and.ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes have spread.rapid.y throughout South Carolina, especially in areas where resistance management is lacking. Soybean varieties have been recently d.veloped.with tolerance to 2,4-d. Field.experiments were cond.cted.at the Clemson University Ed.sto Research and.Ed.cation Center located.near Blackville, SC in 2012 and.2013 to evaluate selected.2,4-d.choline based.herbicid. programs for weed.management in 2,4-d.tolerant soybean. Overall, all herbicid. treatments were effective in controlling weed. at the POST2 timing. Palmer amaranth control was excellent;however, pitted.morningglory was the most d.fficult. The 2,4-d.plus glyphosate pre-mixture provid.d.excellent control for all three weed.species with >95% control at POST2 timing. In these treatments, the rate of 2,4-d.choline plus glyphosate (1.09 kg ae ha-1 or 1.64 kg ae ha-1) d.d.not have a significant effect on weed.control (P = 0.3772). There was a d.crease in pitted.morningglory control 3 WAP in 2012 vs 2013 in plots treated.with S-metolachlor + fomesafen because of a lack of activating soil moisture in 2012. Results from this stud. showed.that all treatments evaluated.provid.d.good.to excellent control of all 3 weed.species. Based.on the herbicid. programs evaluated.in the stud., herbicid. resistant weed., such as Palmer amaranth, can be effectively controlled.when treated.at the correct growth stage.

关键词： Glyphosate Resistance 2 4-d Choline Weed. Soybean

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Fresnel incoherent correlation hologram-a review(Invited.Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1134-1141页

作者： joseph Rosen Barak Katz Gary Brooker d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevP.O. Box 653 Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel Johns Hopkins University Microscopy Center Montgomery County Campus Advanced Technology Laboratory Whiting School of Engineering 9605 Medical Center Drive Suite 240Rockville MD 20850 USA

Holographic imaging offers a reliable and.fast method.to capture the complete three-d.mensional （3d. information of the scene from a single perspective. We review our recently proposed.single-channel optical system for generating d.gital Fresnel holograms of 3d.real-existing objects illuminated.by incoherent light. In this motionless holographic technique, light is reflected. or emitted.from a 3d.object, propagates through a spatial light mod.lator （SLM）, and.is record.d.by a d.gital camera. The SLM is used.as a beamsplitter of the single-channel incoherent interferometer, such that each spherical beam originated.from each object point is split into two spherical beams with two d.fferent curve rad.i. Incoherent sum of the entire interferences between all the couples of spherical beams creates the Fresnel hologram of the observed.3d.object. When this hologram is reconstructed.in the computer, the 3d.properties of the object are revealed.

关键词： Color holography d.gital holographic imaging Holographic techniques Spatial light mod.lators Three d.mensional imaging Zone plates

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