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will artificial intelligence reach any limit in gastroenterology?

Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2024年第2期5卷 1-9页

作者： joseph Bou Jaoude Rose Al Bacha Bassam Abboud Department of Gastroenterology Levant HospitalBeirut 166830Lebanon Department of General Surgery Geitaoui HospitalFaculty of MedicineLebanese UniversityLebanonBeirut 166830Lebanon

Endoscopy is the cornerstone in the management of digestive *** the last few decades,technology has played an important role in the development of this field,helping endoscopists in better detecting and characterizing luminal ***,despite ongoing advancements in endoscopic technology,the incidence of missed pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions remains high due to the operator-dependent nature of endoscopy and the challenging learning curve associated with new *** intelligence(AI),an operator-independent field,could be an invaluable *** can serve as a“second observer”,enhancing the performance of endoscopists in detecting and characterizing luminal *** utilizing deep learning(DL),an innovation within machine learning,AI automatically extracts input features from targeted endoscopic *** encompasses both computer-aided detection and computer-aided diagnosis,assisting endoscopists in reducing missed detection rates and predicting the histology of luminal digestive *** applications in clinical gastrointestinal diseases are continuously expanding and evolving the entire digestive *** all published studies,real-time AI assists endoscopists in improving the performance of non-expert gastroenterologists,bringing it to a level comparable to that of *** development of DL may be affected by selection *** have utilized different AI-assisted models,which are *** the future,algorithms need validation through large,randomized ***,AI has no limit to assist endoscopists in increasing the accuracy and the quality of endoscopic ***,practically,we still have a long way to go before standardizing our AI models to be accepted and applied by all gastroenterologists.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Digestive tract Gastroenterology Gastroscopy Coloscopy

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Bridging the divide: harmonizing polarized clinical laboratory medicine practices

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iLABMED 2024年第2期2卷 67-69页

作者： Yi-wei Tang joseph D.Yao Medical Affairs Danaher Corporation/CepheidNew YorkNew YorkUSA Division of Clinical Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

In today's healthcare,clinical laboratory medicine stands as a cornerstone of patient care,providing vital diagnostic insights that inform decisions in disease ***,within this crucial field,a dichotomy persists between two predominant models of laboratory testing to support clinical practice:point-of-care testing(PoCT)and central laboratory testing[1].This schism,while born of practical necessity and evolving technology,presents both opportunities and challenges that warrant closer examination.

关键词： central laboratory testing clinical microbiology point-of-care testing

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Knowledge and the Attitude on the Use of Mouthwash among Two Selected Senior high Schools in Kumasi

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第5期14卷 218-234页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Kwame A. Koranteng joseph Abu-Sakyi The Department Child Oral health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Community Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwash by adolescents can be a beneficial adjunct to their oral hygiene routine, providing additional protection against dental diseases and promoting fresher breath. Overuse or misuse of mouthwash, particularly those containing alcohol or other potentially irritating ingredients, may lead to adverse effects such as oral mucosal irritation, dry mouth, or alteration of the oral microbiome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and use of mouthwash among senior high school students in Kumasi. METhODOLOGY: 120 students responded to a standard questionnaire by a convenient sample technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and MS Excel were used for data management and analysis. The results of the study were presented using tables, bar charts, and pie chart. RESULTS: The ages of the respondents ranged from 14 to 20 years. Out of the 120 participants, 71 students that represent 59.2% of the total, used mouthwash. Majority of the participants (63%) utilized a mouthwash after brushing their teeth. 49% of the participants reported using mouthwash to address halitosis, 37% used it to combat periodontal disease, and 10% used it for relief from a sore throat. CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants who use mouthwash had excellent knowledge and a positive attitude toward the use of mouthwash.

关键词： Oral Cavity Mouthwash Plaque Biofilm Gingivitis Convenient Sampling

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Geochemistry of Micas from Issia Granite Complexe: A Marker of Geodynamic Evolution

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第8期14卷 787-804页

作者： Koffi joseph Brou Alain Nicaise Kouamelan Koffi Raoul Teha Universit Flix houphout-Boigny (UFhB) Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The granites and pegmatites located in the southern part of the Issia region, near the columbo-tantaliferous placers, are characterized by the presence of rare metals such as beryl, lithium and Nb-Ta oxides. They mainly consist of micas, quartz, plagioclase and potassium feldspar. The work carried out on the micas of these granites and pegmatites (EPMA analyses) has provided new geochemical data contributing to the understanding of the magmatic evolution of the Issia granite complex. Mineralogically, the most evolved G3 granites are characterized by their abundance of muscovite compared to biotite and the presence of pegmatite veins. Geochemically, the muscovites of the G1 and G2 granites are more ferriferous than those of the G3 granites, however, the latter display higher Na contents than the G2 and G3. The muscovites of the granites show an evolution from the pure muscovite series to the zinnwaldite series (micas of the pegmatites) which are lithium-bearing micas. The mineralogical and chemical data of the micas show that they are S-type peraluminous granites and demonstrate the formation of granites and pegmatites through fractional crystallization of the same parental magma.

关键词： G3 Granites Peraluminous Granites Rare Metals Fractional Crystallization

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Modeling Solid waste Minimization Performance at Source in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 17-32页

作者： Abdon Salim Mapunda Richard joseph Kimwaga Shaaban Ally Kassuwi Department of Integrated water Resources Engineering University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Sa-laam Tanzania Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Municipal solid waste generation is strongly linked to rising human population and expanding urban areas, with significant implications on urban metabolism as well as space and place values redefinition. Effective management performance of municipal solid waste management underscores the interdisciplinarity strategies. Such knowledge and skills are paramount to uncover the sources of waste generation as well as means of waste storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling/treatment, disposal, and monitoring. This study was conducted in Dar es Salaam city. Driven by the curiosity model of the solid waste minimization performance at source, study data was collected using focus group discussion techniques to ward-level local government officers, which was triangulated with literature and documentary review. The main themes of the FGD were situational factors (SFA) and local government by-laws (LGBY). In the FGD session, sub-themes of SFA tricked to understand how MSw minimization is related to the presence and effect of services such as land use planning, availability of landfills, solid waste transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators, solid waste collection bins, solid waste trucks, solid waste management budget and solid waste collection agents. Similarly, FGD on LGBY was extended by sub-themes such as contents of the by-law, community awareness of the by-law, and by-law enforcement mechanisms. while data preparation applied an analytical hierarchy process, data analysis applied an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model for sub-criteria that explain SFA and LGBY;and OLS standard residues as variables into geographically weighted regression with a resolution of 241 × 241 meter in ArcMap v10.5. Results showed that situational factors and local government by-laws have a strong relationship with the rate of minimizing solid waste dumping in water bodies (local R square = 0.94).

关键词： Modeling Solid waste Minimization Dar es Salaam City Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression Model Situation Factors Local Government by Laws

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护理人员对医院护理科研学术氛围感知的质性研究

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 233-240页

作者： Ejercito Mangawa Balay-odao Jonas Preposi Cruz joseph UAlmazan Department of Medicine School of MedicineNazarbayev UniversityAstanaKazakhstan

目的医疗机构面临的挑战是建立一种促进护理科研发展的组织文化。护理科研的建设一直被认为是护理学科进步的重要组成部分。因此,本研究描述了护士对所在医院护理科研学术氛围的看法。方法采用半结构式个人访谈法收集资料。于2022年12月... 详细信息

目的医疗机构面临的挑战是建立一种促进护理科研发展的组织文化。护理科研的建设一直被认为是护理学科进步的重要组成部分。因此,本研究描述了护士对所在医院护理科研学术氛围的看法。方法采用半结构式个人访谈法收集资料。于2022年12月至2023年4月,在菲律宾东部1所医院选取17名护士参与研究。采用Braun和Clarke主题分析法对数据进行分析。结果共提炼出3个主题及7个副主题:影响护士的行为和绩效(帮助获取研究信息和学习、灵活性和适应性、护士之间的合作与沟通),影响护士的研究参与(领导策略、培训与专业发展),以及影响医院对变化的适应(组织绩效与成功、护士参与和工作满意度)。结论积极的护理研究文化对塑造护士的行为和绩效、参与护理研究以及医院对变化的适应具有至关重要的作用,因此对医院护理研究文化的益处提供了支持。总之,提炼出的主题有助于护理管理者更深入地了解护理研究文化对医疗保健系统各层面的影响。

关键词：文化医院护理人员菲律宾定性研究研究

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Machine-Learning-Assisted Design of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Uncovered hydrogen Bond Patterns

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 74-83页

作者： Usman L.Abbas Yuxuan Zhang joseph Tapia Selim Md Jin Chen Jian Shi Qing Shao Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Institute for Biomedical Informatics Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Non-ionic deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are non-ionic designer solvents with various applications in catalysis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is challenging due to a lack of efficient tools that accurately predict DES *** search for DES relies heavily on intuition or trial-and-error processes,leading to low success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(hBs)play a central role in DES formation,we aim to identify hB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to develop machine learning(ML)models to discover new DES *** first analyze the hB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their molecular dynamics(MD)simulation *** analysis reveals that DES systems have two unique features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbalance between the numbers of the two intra-component hBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these results,we develop 30 ML models using ten algorithms and three types of hB-based *** model performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** also analyze the importance of individual features in the models,and the results are consistent with the simulation-based statistical ***,we validate the models using the experimental data of 34 *** extra trees forest model outperforms the other models in the validation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work illustrates the importance of hBs in DES formation and shows the potential of ML in discovering new DESs.

关键词： Machine learning Deep eutectic solvents Molecular dynamics simulations hydrogen bond Molecular design

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Beyond the Rex: an innovative meso-intrahepatic portal vein bypass for late-onset extrahepatic portal vein occlusion after living donor liver transplantation

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hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 662-668页

作者： Chee-Chien Yong hsu-Ting Yen Yu-Fan Cheng Leona Bettina Dungca Raymond joseph De Vera Itsuko Chih-Yi Chen Chao-Long Chen Department of Surgery Liver Transplantation CenterKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Liver Transplantation CenterKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung Department of Diagnostic Radiology Liver Transplantation CenterKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung

The Meso-Rex bypass(MRB)is recognized as an effective treatment for portal hypertension secondary to extrahepatic portal vein occlusion(EhPVO)both in the pediatric and adult population,within or outside the context of liver *** is the preferred surgical treatment in most centers because not only does it addresses the portal hypertension,but also restores physiologic portal hepatopetal ***,the Rex recess,the landmark for this technique,may not be safely accessible in some *** present a 22-year-old male who underwent living donor liver transplant(LDLT)for neonatal *** presented with variceal bleeding due to EhPVO at 13 years after *** endoscopic,radiologic,and surgical interventions were employed to address the recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding,but results have been *** performed a meso-intrahepatic portal vein bypass(MIPVB),an innovative alternative to the MRB,for this patient with extensive post-operative adhesions,perihilar collaterals,and cavernous *** creation in patients where the Rex recess is inaccessible is technically *** with a multidisciplinary team approach,meticulous preoperative planning,and close follow-up,the authors have demonstrated that it is a safe and feasible option for patients with late-onset EhPVO after liver transplantation.

关键词： Meso-Rex bypass(MRB) portal vein occlusion liver transplantation(LT)

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Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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world Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam w.Gallagher joseph B.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:we grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

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Satellite Multi-Temporal Data and Cropping Pattern Approach for Green Gram Crop Management in the Lower Midland Zone IV and V in Kenya

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2024年第2期13卷 41-71页

作者： Kalekye hilda Manzi Shadrack Ngene joseph P. Gweyi-Onyango Department of Agriculture Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Enterprise Development Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Kenya wildlife Service Spatial Ecology and Biodiversity Monitoring Nairobi Kenya

Creation of a spectral signature reflectance data, which aids in the identification of the crops is important in determining size and location crop fields. Therefore, we developed a spectral signature reflectance for the vegetative stage of the green gram (Vigna. radiata L.) over 5 years (2020, 2018, 2017, 2015, and 2013) for agroecological zone IV and V in Kenya. The years chosen were those whose satellite resolution data was available for the vegetative stage of crop growth in the short rain season (October, November, December (OND)). we used Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery in this study. Cropping pattern data for the study area were evaluated by calculating the Top of Atmosphere reflectance. Farms geo-referencing, along with field data collection, was undertaken to extract Top of Atmosphere reflectance for bands 2, 3, 4 and 7. we also carried a spectral similarity assessment on the various cropping patterns. The spectral reflectance ranged from 0.07696 - 0.09632, 0.07466 - 0.09467, 0.0704047 - 0.12188,0.19822 - 0.24387, 0.19269 - 0.26900, and 0.11354 - 0.20815 for bands 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 for green gram, respectively. The results showed a dissimilarity among the various cropping patterns. The lowest dissimilarity index was 0.027 for the maize (Zea mays L.) bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) versus the maize-pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) crop, while the highest dissimilarity index was 0.443 for the maize bean versus the maize bean and cowpea cropping patterns. high crop dissimilarities experienced across the cropping pattern through these spectral reflectance values confirm that the green gram was potentially identifiable. The results can be used in crop type identification in agroecological lower midland zone IV and V for mung bean management. This study therefore suggests that use of reflectance data in remote sensing of agricultural ecosystems would aid in planning, management, and crop allocation to different ecozones.

关键词： Multi-Temporal Cropping Patterns Spectral Signatures Landsat 8 Crop Identification

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