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Changing Trends of Natural Resources Degradation in Kagera Basin: Case Study of Kagera Sub-Basin, Uganda

Natural Resources 2012年第3期3卷 95-106页

作者： Casim Umba Tolo Enock Amos Majule joseph perfect Department of Biology Mbarara University Mbarara Uganda Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA) University of Dar Es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

In many respects, river basins are extremely convenient natural resources management units and hence calls for an integrated approach in case of transboundary nature. Environmental resources in Kagera basin are under great threat due to demographic factors leading to wide spread environmental degradation. Land degradation and biodiversity loss are central issues in the basin, but the extent and severity of the degradation pressures are not yet clearly illustrated and their implications largely unknown. To date, natural resource mapping in Kagera basin has been based on isolated case studies for specific purposes and not much has been done in mapping resources and classification of resources degradation by remote sensing applications considering the whole basin. In this study, basin-wide mapping approach was adopted and hot spot areas associated with natural resources use in the basin identified and trends over time established. However, this paper presents results from Kagera River sub-basin, Uganda. Mapping exercise was done by using landsat images and aerial photos of Kagera basin covering the years 1984-2002. Overall, bushland in Kagera sub-basin, Uganda increased by 78% and woodland cover showed mere 6% gain;but a 53% decrease in open woodland sub-type and 29% decrease in closed woodland. Significant shift occurred in cultivation with herbaceous crops (mainly banana) from year 1984-2002 moving from east to west of Kagera sub-basin, Uganda representing 167% increase. Area occupied by permanent swamp decreased 31%. Over the same period, land cover change detection matrix indicates main land cover changes include conversion to bushland (59.34%) followed by conversion to grassland (7.29%) and cultivated land (7.16%), with only 24.19% of the land cover remaining unchanged. It is concluded that the observed changes are, a result of human-induced factors and show unsustainable utilization of natural resources as most of the changes make the land susceptible to degradat

关键词： Natural Resources Degradation Mapping Kagera Basin Uganda

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High-enthalpy hypersonic flows

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Advances in Aerodynamics 2020年第1期2卷 373-411页

作者： joseph J.S.Shang Hong Yan Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn HighwayDaytonOH 45435USA School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical University127West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072China

Nearly all illuminating classic hypersonic flow theories address aerodynamic phenomena as a perfect gas in the high-speed range and at the upper limit of continuum gas *** hypersonic flow is quantitatively defined by the Mach number independent principle,which is derived from the asymptotes of the Rankine-Hugoniot ***,most hypersonic flows encounter strong shock-wave compressions resulting in a high enthalpy gas environment that always associates with nonequilibrium thermodynamic and quantum chemical-physics *** this circumstance,the theoretic linkage between the microscopic particle dynamics and macroscopic thermodynamics properties of gas is *** the air mixture is ionized to become an electrically conducting medium,the governing physics now ventures into the regimes of quantum physics and ***,the hypersonic flows are no longer a pure aerodynamics subject but a multidisciplinary *** order to better understand the realistic hypersonic flows,all pertaining disciplines such as the nonequilibrium chemical kinetics,quantum physics,radiative heat transfer,and electromagnetics need to bring forth.

关键词： Hypersonic flow Nonequilibrium chemical kinetics Ionization Quantum mechanics Electromagnetics Radiation

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Exchange Sex, the perfect Job, Understanding the Exchange of Sex for Money: The Concept of Partial Happiness, Total Happiness and the New Concept of Supra-Happiness

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2021年第3期11卷 59-72页

作者： Richard joseph Wix-Ramos Wixbiotech CA Naguanagua Venezuela

According to Freud, Happiness is defined as the discharge of sexual drive (Orgasm); obtaining happiness usually costs a lot of energy for women and even more for men, but what happens when that happiness is obtained without energy expenditure, when happiness is obtained with gain of energy or money. Exchange sex is defined as the exchange of sex for energy (in this case money), nevertheless, the classic normal relationships between men and women in society function in general as an exchange of sex for energy (money). So it could be argued that relationships between men and women in our society function on the basis of exchange sex. However, the intrapsychic conflict of individuals complicates and makes it difficult to achieve that happiness. We will also analyze the way to obtain Partial Happiness (get orgasms with people you are not in love with), Total Happiness (get orgasms from the people you are in love with), and a new concept The Supra-Happiness (get orgasms from many attractive people simultaneously; even if you are fall in love with these people or not). That happiness is only temporary, the original dissatisfaction and lack of the human psyche has to be filled and constantly satisfied with that temporary happiness.

关键词： Exchange Sex Sex Happiness Money Couple Relationships

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Allowable Bearing Capacity for Shallow Foundation in Eket Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第10期4卷 1491-5000页

作者： joseph Gordian Atat Idara Okon Akpabio Nyakno Jimmy George Department of Physics Akwa Ibom State University Ikot Akpaden Nigeria Department of Physics University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

P-wave and S-wave velocities were obtained from seismic refraction survey in the foundation layer of Eket, the study area. The Tezcan’s approach discussed extensively in the work was used in conjunction with the existing mathematical relations between elastic parameters and seismic refraction velocities for the study of foundation layers in the study area. Based on the results, the elastic constants, allowable bearing pressure/capacity, ultimate bearing capacity and other parameters in Table 1 were determined. The result shows that allowable bearing pressure increases with increase in shear modulus and shear wave velocity. The empirical relation between allowable bearing capacity and shear modulus shows that the allowable bearing capacity increases with depth. Comparing our findings with some ranges of safe allowable bearing capacities of similar non cohesive/granular soils in literatures, the second layer with allowable bearing capacity range of 72.56 - 206.63 kN·m-2?(average = 154.78 kN·m-2) has been considered to be the safe shallow engineering foundation in the study area. The empirical relations between allowable bearing capacities shear modulus and shear wave velocity, in conjunction with the inferred maps, which serve as our findings, will be used as guide in the location of foundations. The inferred ultimate and allowable capacities correlate maximally for the two shallow foundations penetrated by the seismic waves. This perfect correlation reflects the uniqueness of the method.

关键词： Allowable Bearing Pressure Ultimate Failure P-Wave Velocity S-Wave Velocity Shear Modulus

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The Australian emergency medical system

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中华急诊医学杂志 2008年第7期17卷 771-775页

作者： Gerard joseph FitzGerald Xiang-Yu Hou Huang Hang School of Public Health Queensland University of Technology QCD 4059 Australia

澳大利亚的急救医疗体系在过去的30年经历了本质性的转变，包括院前急救的发展，院内急诊科的发展，以及急诊专科医师和急救师作为新的职业的发展。这一本质性的转变在其他很多国家也同时存在，并缘于卫生体系提供高质量的急救医疗服务... 详细信息

澳大利亚的急救医疗体系在过去的30年经历了本质性的转变，包括院前急救的发展，院内急诊科的发展，以及急诊专科医师和急救师作为新的职业的发展。这一本质性的转变在其他很多国家也同时存在，并缘于卫生体系提供高质量的急救医疗服务的义务和不断增加的职业责任。本文的目的是回顾描述澳大利亚急救医疗体系的这一转变，以供正在建设现代化的急救医疗体系的其它国家，借鉴我们的经验教训，以面对他们可能会经历的挑战。澳大利亚的急救医疗体系并不完美，本文也没有希望其他国家照搬澳大利亚的体系，只是希望和读者分享我们自己发展的经验教训。

关键词：澳大利亚急救医疗体系医生医疗卫生事业

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Optimization of tissue anchoring performance and mechanical properties of barbed sutures for flexor tendons repair

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2018年第4期5卷 1-17页

作者： joseph Bakhach Ahmad Oneissi Elsa Bakhach Reem Karameh Mireille Hantouche EIie Shammas American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut 1107-2020Lebanon

Aim: The ideal flexor tendon repair should be reliable, simple and strong enough without impairing the tendon healing. Based on these requirements, we have imagined the use of a single barbed intra-tendinous suture for stumps connection. The aim of our research is to quantify the stress that the suture and barbs should withstand in order to ensure perfect stumps connections. Methods: Seven different cross-section sutures were selected for the research study. One circular and 6 different elliptical shapes were defined according to the ratio of their minor and major axes (ρ = b/a). Barbs were designed with 3 different depths and 3 different cut angles. Thus, 9 different situations were considered for each suture geometry. Finally, 2 loading conditions were applied on each barb and tested in ANSYS Workbench using a finite element analysis technique. Results: Studies showed that a barbed suture with 0.18-mm depth, 150° cut angle and ρ = 3 produced the lowest stresses within the barb itself, while a barbed suture with 0.18-mm depth, 160° cut angle and ρ = 4 demonstrated lowest stress within the entire suture. Conclusion: The stress values in these two configurations are observed to be very close and both can fit a single barbed suture for tendon insertion and repair.

关键词： Flexor tendon hand suture finger sheath pulley barb

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未来的计划

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2019年第12期 43-45,55,56页

作者： joseph Calpin 不详

一年的结尾是思考未来的理想时刻。你在2020年想要做出哪些改变?想想你的目标和计划。提出新年新计划可以帮助你对自己的人生做出改变。你也许想要采取比较健康的饮食方式;或者把自己的时间管理得更好;你也许想要多运动或者减重;你也许... 详细信息

一年的结尾是思考未来的理想时刻。你在2020年想要做出哪些改变?想想你的目标和计划。提出新年新计划可以帮助你对自己的人生做出改变。你也许想要采取比较健康的饮食方式;或者把自己的时间管理得更好;你也许想要多运动或者减重;你也许想要更多体贴别人并且减少抱怨;或者,你也许决定要学习一项新技能。你的新年新希望是什么呢?

关键词：饮食方式新技能计划未来

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The Effect on Physician Interpretation after Ultrasound Video Transmission

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第2期5卷 25-36页

作者： Eric Zevallos joseph Coppiano Ann Marie Kuchinski Taylor Mueller Bradley White Patrick Loeffler Zachary Farmer Patricia Hall Matt Lyon Emergency Medicine and Hospitalist Services Department Medical College of Georgia Augusta Georgia USA

Title: The Effect on Physician Interpretation After Ultrasound Video Transmis-sion. Objective: There is a limited amount of qualified sonographers, which is problematic to rural, and prehospital settings that require clinical ultrasound. One solution is the use of telemedicine to transmit ultrasound videos to a distant expert. Our objective was to determine the effect of video image transfer using Skype on physician image interpretation. Methods: Three emergency medicine physicians of varied ultrasound proficiency were given 72 pairs of transmitted and non-transmitted ultrasound video clips in random order. Raters were instructed to determine whether ultrasound clips were positive or negative for pathology. Same interpretations between video pairs were categorized as homodiagnostic while different interpretations were categorized as heterodiagnostic. Raters were also asked to rate the image resolution, image detail, and total image quality using a 10-point Likert scale. For the diagnostic results, rater agreement, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. Results: The raters collectively demonstrated high agreement (92.1%), sensitivity (96.3%), specificity (92.8%), and accuracy (94.1%). Raters 1 (95.8%, κ = 0.912) and 3 (97.2%, κ = 0.942) had near perfect agreement, while rater 2 (83.3%, κ = 0.666) had substantial agreement. Only raters 1 and 3 detected a decrease in image resolution, image detail, and total image quality (p Conclusions: This study demonstrates that transmission via Skype has minimal effect on a physician’s interpretation of an ultrasound video. The implications of these results are that ultrasound video transmission can be used to improve access to specialists without compromising accuracy which will ultimately increase patients’ quality of care.

关键词： Ultrasound Telemedicine Emergency Medicine Transmission Skype

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口内切口内窥镜直视下下颌角缩小整形术

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中国美容医学 2010年第6期19卷 802-805页

作者：吕金陵 joseph K.Wong 周珍艳王晓娟马娟刘露王刚陈乃理上海港华医院整形美容外科加拿大安大略省祈德医院面部整形外科上海港华医院整形美容外科上海20021

目的:口内切口下颌角整形由于切口和解剖结构的限制,手术视野和操作空间较为局限,我们希望借助内窥镜技术,来探寻一种直视下操作的下颌角整形手术方法。方法:采用全口内切口,内窥镜下设计画线,磨削减薄下颌骨外板、弧形切除肥大的下颌... 详细信息

目的:口内切口下颌角整形由于切口和解剖结构的限制,手术视野和操作空间较为局限,我们希望借助内窥镜技术,来探寻一种直视下操作的下颌角整形手术方法。方法:采用全口内切口,内窥镜下设计画线,磨削减薄下颌骨外板、弧形切除肥大的下颌角、斜面修整下颌缘,在直视下使下颌骨三维立体缩小。结果:2005年以来,我们应用全口内切口入路内窥镜下下颌角缩小整形术256例,效果满意。结论:①全口内切口入路,体表不会遗留任何手术痕迹;②内窥镜下设计画线,准确对称;手术操作均在直视下进行,安全可靠;③手术采用弧形去除肥大的下颌角,使下颌角弧度自然完美;完整削薄下颌骨外板,使面部正面完整缩小;精细修整下颌缘,使整个下颌部位轮廓更加流畅柔美,从而面中下部位立体有效地缩窄。

关键词：下颌角缩小整形内窥镜直视下设计和操作口内切口

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