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中成药上市后药物流行病学评价培训会议

作者： Andrew D.Shaw Mark Stafford-Smith William D.White Barbara phillips-Bute Madhav Swaminathan Carmelo Milano Ian J.Welsby Solomon Aronson joseph p.mathew Eric D.peterson Mark F.Newman the Departments of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC M.B. the Departments of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNCM.D. the Departments of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC M.P.H. the Departments of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC Ph.D. the Departments of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC M.D. the Departments of Surgery Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC M.D. the Departments of the Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC M.D. M.P.H

BACKGROUND Aprotinin has recently been associated with adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac *** reviewed our experience with this agent in patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Duke University Medical Center. METHODS We retrieved data on 10,275 consecutive patients undergoing surgical coronary revascularization at Duke between January 1,1996,and December 31,*** fit data to a logistic-regression model predicting each patient’s likelihood of receiving aprotinin on the basis of preoperative characteristics and to models predicting long-term survival(up to 10 years) and decline in renal function,as measured by increases in serum creatinine levels. RESULTS A total of 1343 patients(13.2%) received aprotinin,6776 patients(66.8%) received aminocaproic acid,and 2029 patients(20.0%) received no antifibrinolytic therapy. All patients underwent coronary-artery bypass grafting,and 1181 patients(11.5%) underwent combined coronary-artery bypass grafting and valve *** the risk-adjusted model,survival was worse among patients treated with aprotinin,with a main-effects hazard ratio for death of 1.32(95%confidence interval[CI],1.12 to 1.55) for the comparison with patients receiving no antifibrinolytic therapy(p=0.003) and 1.27(95%CI,1.10 to 1.46) for the comparison with patients receiving aminocaproic acid(p=0.004).As compared with the use of aminocaproic acid or no antifibrinolytic agent,aprotinin use was also associated with a larger risk-adjusted increase in the serum creatinine level(pp=0.56). CONCLUSIONS patients who received aprotinin had a higher mortality rate and larger increases in serum creatinine levels than those who received aminocaproic acid or no antifibrinolytic agent.

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Rising tide: The global surge of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents demands action now

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 797-809页

作者： joseph M pappachan Cornelius James Fernandez Ambika p Ashraf Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Division of pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States

Childhood-onset obesity has emerged as a major public healthcare challenge across the globe,fueled by an obesogenic environment and influenced by both genetic and epigenetic *** has led to an exponential rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and *** looming wave of diabetes-related complications in early adulthood is anticipated to strain the healthcare budgets in most *** there is a collective global effort to curb the devastation caused by the situation,the impact is poised to be pro-found.A multifaceted research effort,governmental legislation,and effective social action are crucial in attaining this *** article delves into the current epidemiological landscape,explores evidence concerning potential risks and consequences,delves into the pathobiology of childhood obesity,and discusses the latest evidence-based management strategies for diabesity.

关键词： Childhood obesity Diabesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adolescence Cardiovascular disease pharmacotherapy

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Elucidating the Degradation pathways of Human Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第3期8卷 288-299页

作者： Andrew Fagan Lorraine M.Bateman joseph p.O'Shea Abina M.Crean SSpC the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of pharmacy University College Cork Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF) University College Cork School of Chemistry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the development of peptide oral dosage forms in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and commercial success of approved peptides such as Rybelsus?, there remain several barriers in the way of broad range applicability of this approach to peptide delivery. One such barrier includes the poor physical and chemical stability inherent to their structures, which persists in the solid state although degradation typically occurs at different rates and via different pathways in comparison to the solution state. Using insulin as a model peptide, this work sought to contribute to the development of analytical techniques for investigating common insulin degradation pathways. Chemically denatured,deamidated and aggregated samples were prepared and used to benchmark circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse phase HpLC and size exclusion chromatography methods for the investigation of unfolding, chemical modifications and covalent aggregation of the insulin molecule respectively. Solid state degraded samples were prepared by heating insulin powder at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation profiles of the samples were evaluated and compared with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deamidation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for separation of the insulin A-and B-chains,offering a facile yet novel means of assessing the mechanisms of deamidation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： Biopharmaceutical analysis Covalent aggregation Deamidation Disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

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抑肽酶对冠状动脉搭桥术后结局的影响

抑肽酶对冠状动脉搭桥术后结局的影响

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中成药上市后药物流行病学评价培训会议

作者： Andrew D.Shaw Mark Stafford-Smith William D.White Barbara phillips-Bute Madhav Swaminathan Carmelo Milano Ian J.Welsby Solomon Aronson joseph p.mathew Eric D.peterson Mark F.Newman

背景:最近有报告称,抑肽酶与心脏手术后病人的不良结局相关。我们回顾了在杜克大学医学中心接受心脏手术的病人中使用抑肽酶的经验。方法:我们检索到10275例连续病人的资料,他们于1996年1月1日至2005年12月3 1日在杜克大学接受冠状动脉...

背景:最近有报告称,抑肽酶与心脏手术后病人的不良结局相关。我们回顾了在杜克大学医学中心接受心脏手术的病人中使用抑肽酶的经验。方法:我们检索到10275例连续病人的资料,他们于1996年1月1日至2005年12月3 1日在杜克大学接受冠状动脉血运重建术。我们将资料输入一个对数-回归模型,它可根据术前特点预测每例病人用抑肽酶的可能性,并输入可预测长期(最长10年)生存率和肾功能减退(检测血清肌酐水平的升高)的模型。结果:总共1343例(13.2%)病人使用抑肽酶,6776例(66.8%)病人使用氨基己酸,2029例(20.0%)病人未接受抗纤溶治疗。全部病人做了冠脉搭桥术,1181例(11.5%)病人同时做了冠状动脉搭桥术和瓣膜手术。危险校正模型显示,抑肽酶组病人的生存状况较差,与不用抗纤溶治疗的病人相比,死亡的主效应风险比为1.32[95%可信区间(CI)为1.12～1.55](p=0.003);与用氨基己酸的病人相比,死亡的主效应风险比为1.27(95%CI为1.10～1.46)(p=0.004)。与用氨基己酸或不用抗纤溶制剂相比,使用抑肽酶还与危险校正后的血清肌酐水平升高较多相关(pp=0.56)。结论:与用氨基己酸或不用抗纤溶制剂的病人相比,用抑肽酶的病人死亡率较高,血清肌酐水平增高较多。

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Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake pad Application:An Overview

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 485-511页

作者： joseph O.Dirisu Imhade p.Okokpujie Olufunmilayo O.joseph Sunday O.Oyedepo Oluwasegun Falodun Lagouge K.Tartibu Firdaussi D.Shehu Department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant UniversityOtaOgunNigeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering AFE Babalola UniversityAdoEkitiNigeria Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2028South Africa School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friendly products has gained global *** natural fibres and pulverized metallic waste becomes necessary to reduce noxious environmental emissions due to indiscriminately occupying the *** study reviews the literature in the broad area of green composites in search of materials that can be used in automotive brake *** made by biocomposite,rather than fossil fuels,will be favoured.A database containing the tribo-mechanical performance of numerous potential components for the future green composite was established using the technical details of bio-polymers and natural *** development of materials with diverse compositions and varying proportions is now conceivable,and these materials can be permanently connected in fully regulated *** explanation demonstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient,resistance to wear from friction and high temperatures,and the operating life of brake pads to varying *** this study,renewable materials for the matrix and reinforcement are screened to determine which have sufficient strength,coefficient of friction,wear resistance properties,and reasonable costs,making them a feasible option for a green *** most significant,intriguing,and unusual materials used in manufacturing brake pads are gathered in this review,which also analyzes how they affect the tribological characteristics of the pads.

关键词： Asbestos brake pad biocomposites green composite mechanical properties natural reinforcement waste

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High-yield and rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trapping:FLOAT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： joseph Rufo peiran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang joseph Rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong Ke Jin Ye He Jianping Xia Ke Li Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel Sadovsky Luke p.Lee Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low ***,we report a high-yield(>90%)and rapid(pping(FLOAT).The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid *** adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant,nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein,addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid *** to its high-yield nature,FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 mL to 200µL),demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trapping utilize separating

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EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OFδ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-pRESSURE GAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Abhishek DAS K.T.joseph Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the Burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded Borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1213-1223页

作者： joseph Edwin Kanu Jonathan Soldera post Graduate program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infects over half the global population,causing gastrointestinal diseases like dyspepsia,gastritis,duodenitis,peptic ulcers,GMALT lymphoma,and gastric *** *** is crucial for treating and preventing these *** conventional proton pump inhibitor(ppI)-based triple therapy is effective,there’s growing interest in longer acid suppression *** competitive acid blocker(p-CAB)triple and dual therapy are new regimens for *** *** used in Asian populations,vonoprazan(VpZ)has been recently Food and Drug Administration-approved for *** *** To assess the efficacy of regimens containing p-CABs in eradicating *** *** This study,following pRISMA 2020 guidelines,conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or observational studies with the following command:[("Helicobacter pylori"OR"H pylori")AND("Treatment"OR"Therapy"OR"Eradication")AND("Vonaprazan"OR"potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker"OR"p-CAB"OR"pCAB"OR"Revaprazan"OR"Linaprazan"OR"Soraprazan"OR"Tegoprazan")].Studies comparing the efficacy of p-CABs-based treatment to classical ppIs in eradicating *** were *** criteria included case reports,case series,unpublished trials,or conference *** variables encompassed age,diagnosis method,sample sizes,study duration,intervention and control,and *** eradication method were gathered by two independent ***-analysis was performed in R software,and forest plots were *** A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search ***,fifteen studies(7 RCTs,7 retrospective observational studies,and 1 comparative unique study)were included,comparing p-CAB triple therapy to ppI triple *** intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients,with 4471 in the p-CAB intervention g

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection potassium competitive acid blockers proton pump inhibitors Vonoprazan Amoxicillin

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Stability and Time-Step Constraints of Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta Methods for the Linearized Korteweg-de Vries Equation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 658-687页

作者： joseph Hunter Zheng Sun Yulong Xing Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA Department of Mathematics The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA

This paper provides a study on the stability and time-step constraints of solving the linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation,using implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)time integration methods combined with either finite difference(FD)or local discontinuous Galerkin(DG)spatial *** analyze the stability of the fully discrete scheme,on a uniform mesh with periodic boundary conditions,using the Fourier *** the linearized KdV equation,the IMEX schemes are stable under the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)conditionτ≤λ***,λis the CFL number,τis the time-step size,and h is the spatial mesh *** study several IMEX schemes and characterize their CFL number as a function ofθ=d/h^(2)with d being the dispersion coefficient,which leads to several interesting *** also investigate the asymptotic behaviors of the CFL number for sufficiently refined meshes and derive the necessary conditions for the asymptotic stability of the IMEX-RK *** numerical experiments are provided in the paper to illustrate the performance of IMEX methods under different time-step constraints.

关键词： Linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation Implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)method Stability Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)condition Finite difference(FD)method Local discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method

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Wan-Yee joseph Lau:the promoter of modernization and internationalization of Chinese surgery

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 1-3页

作者： Wan-Yee joseph Lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

To my knowledge,there have been 3 books[1–3]and 2 book chapters written about me.[4–5]For those who are interested in the details of my life,please refer to these books/book *** title of this article is an English translation of the title of the book I refer to as reference 1,which I find appropriate to describe the role that I play in China.

关键词： please details translation

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