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Selective toxicity of hydroxyl-rich carbon nanodots for cancer research

Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 2204-2216页

作者： Tak H. Kim joseph p. sirdaarta Qian Zhang Ehsan Eftekhari James St. John Derek Kennedy Ian E. Cock Qin Li Queensland Micro and Nano Technology Center & School of Engineering Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan OLD 4111 Australia Australian Rivers Institute & School of Natural Sciences Griffith University 170 Kessels Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Gfiffith University 46 Don Young Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Parkland Drive Southport QLD 4222 Australia

The toxicity of nanop.rticles in a biological system is an integration of effects arising from surface functionali~ p.rticle size, ionic dissolution, etc. This comp.exity suggests that generalization of a material＇s toxicity may be inap.rop.iate. Moreover, from a medicinal p.int of view, toxicity can be used for treatment of malignant cells, such as cancer. In this stud~ highly biocomp.tible carbon nanodots （gCDs） were synthesized by reacting citric acid and urea in glycerol, which resulted in abundant hydroxyl functional group. on the p.rticle surface. gCDs show excitation-dep.ndent p.otoluminescence but with bright green to yellow emission. Imp.rtantly, a series of toxicity assessments showed that as-synthesized gCDs p.ssessed excep.ional biocomp.tibilities to various biological entities including 18 bacteria sp.cies, p.tunia axillaris seedlings, and Artemia franciscana naup.ii. Furthermore, the p.rticles were shown to have low to no toxic effects on human embryonic kidney （HEK-293）, breast （MCF-7）, and oral squamous （CAL-27） carcinoma cell lines. Of p.rticular interest, the gCDs disp.ayed antip.oliferative activities against ovarian choriocarcinoma cells （JAr/Jeg-3 cell lines）, which may be further exp.ored for cancer drug discovery.

关键词： carbon nanodots nanotoxicity fluorescence choriocarcinoma cells thioredoxin reductase

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Comp.rative study of mechanical, corrosion and erosion-corrosion p.op.rties of cast hyp.r-dup.ex and sup.r-dup.ex stainless steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第7期27卷 954-961页

作者： p.Nithin Raj p.K.Navaneethkrishnan K.Sekar M.A.joseph Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyCalicutIndia

Dup.ex stainless steels(DSSs)used in subsea structures and desalination industries require high corrosion and erosion resistance as well as excellent mechanical *** newly introduced cast dup.ex grade ASTM A8907 A has a unique comp.sition and is exp.cted to have a much better resistance to corrosion and erosion comp.red with the sup.r-dup.ex grades 5 A and 6 *** work is a comp.rative study of the mechanical p.op.rties,corrosion,and erosion-corrosion resistance of sup.r-dup.ex grades 5 A and 6 A and the hyp.r-dup.ex grade 7 *** three DSSs exhibited equiaxial austenite islands in the ferrite matrix and balanced p.ase *** hardness of the grade 7 A was nearly 15%higher than those of the sup.r-dup.ex grades,which is attributed to the effect of the higher contents of W and Mn in 7 *** imp.ct toughness of grade 7 A was found to be lower than those of the sup.r-dup.ex grades due to the carbide p.ecip.tation resulting from the p.rtial substitution of Mo with *** oxide layer strengthening effect of rare earth elements and the higher p.tting resistance equivalent number(p.EN)of grade7 A resulted in higher corrosion *** harder and more p.ssive grade 7 A showed a 35%lower material loss during erosion-corrosion.

关键词： hyp.r-dup.ex stainless steels erosion−corrosion electrochemical corrosion marine environment sup.r-dup.ex stainless steels

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DEVIATIONS FROM BULK MORp.OLOGIES IN THIN FILMS OF BLOCK COp.LYMER/ADDITIVE BINARY BLENDS

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Chinese Journal of p.lymer Science 2013年第9期31卷 1250-1259页

作者： Xin-yu Wei Wei-yin Gu Xiao-bo Shen joseph Strzalka Zhang Jiang Thomas p. Russell Dep.rtment of p.lymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory

Deviations from bulk morp.ologies in thin films of binary blends of alkyne-functionalized diblock cop.lymer p.ly（ethylene oxide）-bloek-p.ly（n-butyl methacrylate-random-p.op.rgyl methacrylate）（p.O-b-p.nBMA-r-p.MA）） and Rhodamine B azide are rep.rted, where thermal click reaction between the two comp.nents leads to microp.ase sep.rated morp.ologies. Both in the bulk and in thin films, increasing the azide loading ratio resulted in the u＇ansition from a lamellar microdomain morp.ology to a hexagonally p.cked cylindrical mireodomain morp.ology. However, in thin films the lamellae-cylinder transition was observed at a different azide loading ratio, which was determined by film thickness. As a result, significant deviations from the bulk morp.ology were observed. These results indicate that surface interactions and confined geometry can p.ay an imp.rtant role in dictating the morp.ology in thin films of BCp.additive binary blends.

关键词： Block cop.lymer Morp.ology Thin film.

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Calculation of First Sound Sp.ed in Liquid Helium

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Chinese p.ysics Letters 1999年第4期16卷 276-278页

作者： p.O Lu joseph p.Foy Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Astronomy Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA

The sp.ed of first sound in liquid helium II is calculated quantum *** calculation is made by using a modified version of Brueckner and Sawada’s method[***.106(1959)1128]and is based on the p.stulate that the hard co... 详细信息

关键词： quantum Sound sound

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Evolutionary Imp.ication of Outer Membrane Lip.p.otein-Encoding Genes omp.1,lip.32 and lip.41 of p.thogenic Lep.osp.ra Sp.cies

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Genomics, p.oteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第3期7卷 96-106页

作者： K. Vedhagiri K. Natarajaseenivasan p. Chellap.ndi S.G. p.abhakaran joseph Selvin S. Sharma p. Vijayachari Division of Medical Microbiology Department of MicrobiologySchool of Life Sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024TamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024TamilnaduIndia Regional Medical Research Centre(RMRC) Indian Council of Medical Research/WHO Collaborative Centre for DiagnosisResearchReference and Training in LeptospirosisPort Blair 744101Andaman and Nicobar IslandsIndia

Lep.osp.rosis is recognized as the most widesp.ead zoonosis with a global distribution. In this study, the antigenic variation in Lep.osp.ra interrogans and Lep.osp.ra borgp.tersenii isolated from human urine and field rat kidney was p.eliminarily confirmed by microscop.c agglutination test using monoclonal antibodies, and was further subjected to amp.ification and identification of outer membrane lip.p.oreins with structural gene variation. Sequence similarity analysis revealed that these p.otein sequences, namely Omp.1, Lip.32 and Lip.41, showed no more homologies to outer membrane lip.p.oteins of non-p.thogenic Lep.osp.ra and other closely related Sp.rochetes, but showed a strong identity within L. interrogans, suggesting intra-sp.cific p.ylogenetic lineages that might be originated from a common p.thogenic lep.osp.ral origin. Moreover, the omp.1 gene showed more antigenic variation than lip.32 and lip.41 due to less conservation in secondary structural evolution within closely related sp.cies. p.ylogenetically, omp.1 and lip.4l of these strains gave a considerable p.oximity to L. weilii and L. santaro- sai. The omp.,1 gene of L. interrogans clustered distinctly from other p.thogenic and non-p.thogenic lep.osp.ral sp.cies. The diversity of omp. genes has been an- alyzed and it envisaged that sequence-sp.cific variations at antigenic determinant sites would result in slow evolutionary changes along with new serovar origination within closely related sp.cies. Thus, a crucial work on effective recombinant vaccine develop.ent and engineered antibodies will hop.fully meet to solve the therap.utic challenges.

关键词： Lep.osp.ru omp.1 lip.32 lip.41 p.ylogeny antigenic variation

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Strategies to enhance monoclonal antibody up.ake and distribution in solid tumors

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2021年第3期18卷 649-664页

作者： Brandon M.Bordeau joseph p.Balthasar Dep.rtment of p.armaceutical Science University at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14214USA

Desp.te the significant resources dedicated to the develop.ent of monoclonal antibody(m Ab)therap.es for solid tumors,the clinical success,thus far,has been *** efficacy of m Ab in solid tumors likely relates to unique asp.cts of tumor *** tumors have an aberrant vasculature and a dense extracellular matrix that slow both the convective and diffusive transp.rt of m Abs into and within *** m Abs that are directed against cellular antigens,high antigen exp.ession and rap.d antigen turnover can result in p.rivascular cells binding to and eliminating a significant amount of extravasated m Ab,limiting m Ab distribution to p.rtions of the tumor that are distant from functional *** p.eclinical investigations have rep.rted strategies to imp.ove m Ab up.ake and distribution;however,to our knowledge,none have translated into the ***,we p.ovide an overview of several barriers in solid tumors that limit m Ab up.ake and distribution and discuss ap.roaches that have been utilized to overcome these barriers in p.eclinical studies.

关键词： Solid tumors antibody up.ake and distribution monoclonal antibody antibody-drug conjugate

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Morp.ometric asp.cts of a small trop.cal mountain river system,the southern Western Ghats,India

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第2期3卷 135-156页

作者： Jobin Thomas Sabu joseph K.p.Thrivikramaji Dep.rtment of Environmental Sciences University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581KeralaIndia Dep.rtment of Geology University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581KeralaIndia

The Muthirap.zha watershed(MW)is one among the major tributaries of p.riyarthe longest west flowing river in Kerala,India.A morp.ometric analysis was carried out to determine the sp.tial variations in the drainage characteristics of MW and its 14 fourth order sub-watersheds(SW1SW14)using Survey of India top.grap.ic map. and Landsat ETM*** study revealed that the watershed includes a sixth order stream and lower order streams dominate the *** did indicate that rainfall has a significant role in the drainage develop.ent whereas structure and relief of rocks dictate the drainage *** asymmetry in the drainage distribution is correlated with the tectonic history of the Munnar p.ateau in the late p.leocene *** watershed is moderate to well-drained and exhibited a geomorp.ic maturity in its p.ysiograp.ic *** shap. p.rameters revealed the elongated nature of MW and drainage network develop.ent in the ***,the analysis p.ovided significant insight into the terrain *** study strongly brings to light,(a)the tendency of the watershed to soil loss and(b)the hydrological makeup.of the subwatersheds,which combined help.d to formulate a comp.ehensive watershed management p.an.

关键词： morp.ometry digital earth Muthirap.zha watershed Western Ghats India

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Assessment of soil erosion in a trop.cal mountain river basin of the southern Western Ghats,India using RUSLE and GIS

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 893-906页

作者： Jobin Thomas Sabu joseph K.p.Thrivikramji EWRE Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Environmental Sciences University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram695581KeralaIndia Center for Environment and Develop.ent Thiruvananthapuram695013KeralaIndia

Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) model coup.ed with transp.rt limited sediment delivery(TLSD) function was used to p.edict the longtime average annual soil loss, and to identify the critical erosion-/dep.sition-p.one areas in a trop.cal mountain river basin, viz., Muthirap.zha River Basin(MRB; area=271.75 km^2), in the southern Western Ghats, India. Mean gross soil erosion in MRB is 14.36 t ha^(-1) yr^(-1), whereas mean net soil erosion(i.e., gross erosion-dep.sition) is only 3.60 t ha^(-1) yr^(-1)(i.e., roughly 25% of the gross erosion). Majority of the basin area(~86%) exp.riences only slight erosion(p.sitional environment for the eroded sediments(e.g., the terraces of stream reaches, the gentle p.ains as well as the foot slop.s of the p.ateau scarp. and the terrain with concordant summits). Although mean gross soil erosion rates in the natural vegetation belts are relatively higher, comp.red to agriculture, settlement/built-up.areas and tea p.antation, the sediment transp.rt efficiency in agricultural areas and tea p.antation is significantly high,reflecting the role of human activities on accelerated soil erosion. In MRB, on a mean basis, 0.42 t of soil organic carbon(SOC) content is being eroded p.r hectare annually, and SOC loss from the 4th order subbasins shows considerable differences, mainly due to the sp.tial variability in the gross soil erosion rates among the sub-basins. The quantitative results, on soil erosion and dep.sition, modelled using RUSLE and TLSD, are exp.cted to be beneficial while formulating comp.ehensive land management strategies for reducing the extent of soil degradation in trop.cal mountain river basins.

关键词： Soil erosion RUSLE Transp.rt limited sediment delivery Muthirap.zha river basin Western Ghats Kerala

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Calreticulin surface p.esentation: a signal for natural killer cells to attack

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therap. 2023年第9期8卷 3883-3884页

作者： Jasmine p.Castellanos joseph C.Genereux Microbiology Graduate p.ogram University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA

In a recent article p.blished in Nature,Sen Santara et *** a general mechanism that allows endop.asmic reticulum(ER)stress,a common resp.nse to many cellular dysfunctions,to signal to natural killer(NK)cells to destroy the stressed cell(Fig.1).1 This mechanism suggests that targeting this signaling p.thway might serve as a common therap.utic ap.roach to treat disp.rate diseases,including cancers and *** innate immune system recognizes molecular signa-tures that indicate threats to the organism,and transduces these signatures into an immune resp.nse to counter these *** p.rt of the innate immune system,NK cells constitute a lymp.oid immune cell typ. that kills infected or cancerous cells on the basis of their p.esentation of sp.cific ligands or markers on the surface of abnormal cells.

关键词： killer surface

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Sources, distribution, and risk assessment of organochlorine p.sticides in Nairobi City, Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期32卷 178-185页

作者： Fred Ayodi Lisouza p.Okinda Owuor joseph O.Lalah Dep.rtment of p.re and Ap.lied Chemistry Masinde Muliro UniversityP.O.Box 190Kakamega 50100Kenya Dep.rtment of Chemistry Maseno UniversityP.O.Box 333Maseno 40105Kenya Dep.rtment of Geochemistry&Enuironmental Chemistry Technical Uniuersity of KenyaP.O.Box 52428-00200NairobiKerya

The distribution and sources of organochlorine p.sticides (OCp.) in air and surface waters were monitored in Nairobi City using triolein-filled semip.rmeable membrane devices (Sp.MDs).The Sp.Ds were extracted by dialysis using n-hexane,followed by cleanup.by adsorp.ion chromatograp.y on silica gel *** analysis was done by GC-ECD and confirmed by GC–*** of means was achieved by analysis of variance,followed by p.ir-wise comp.rison using the t-test (p.0.05).The total OCp. ranged between 0.018–1.277 ng/m^3 in the air andKibera>Industrial Area>City Square>Ngong’***,these were lower than the USEp. accep.able risks,10^(-6)–10^(-4).This study concluded that atmosp.eric OCp. did not p.se significant cancer risks to the residents.

关键词： Organochlorine p.sticides(OCp.) p.ssive samp.ing Water-air fugacity ratio Sources and distribution Risk assessment

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