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Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 71-83页

作者： Samuel M.Ngui joseph M.Mwangangi Joachim Richter josephine W.Ngunjiri Department of Biological Sciences University of EmbuKenya Medical Entomology Kenya Medical Research Institute(KEMRI)Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast KilifiKenya Institute of International Health Global Health CenterCharitéUniversity MedicineBerlinCorporate Member of Free University and Humboldt University and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department of Biological sciencesUniversity of EmbuKenya

Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,***:A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly sample 422 women of reproductive age(15-<50 years)from four villages in Mwaluphamba *** specimens were collected and examined using the Kato-Katz method,while filtration technique was used to analyze urine ***’sociodemographic details were obtained using a standardized ***:Urinary schistosomiasis prevalence was at 4.7%(20/422,95%CI 2.8%-6.9%)while the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection was 4.5%(19/422,95%CI 2.6%-6.7%).The infection intensities of urinary schistosomiasis among the study participants ranged from 1 to 120 eggs/10 mL of urine with median egg count of 18.45 eggs/10 *** patients were diagnosed with light infection,of 56.16 egg/gram and 48.48 egg/gram for Trichuris trichiura and hookworms,*** without latrines had 15.7 times higher risk of having urinary schistosomiasis compared to those with a ***,use of surface water(aOR=1.0,95%CI 0.2-1.4,P=0.010)and crossing the river to go to a place(aOR=1.1,95%CI 0.3-1.6,P=0.009)were statistically significant risk factors for getting urinary *** bivariable regression analysis,defecating around the water source(OR=4.3,95%CI 1.5-12.9)had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(P=0.008).Conclusions:This study has given an insight on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Mwaluphamba location that form a basis for strengthening the control and elimination programmes for these neglected tropical diseases.

关键词： Urinary schistosomiasis Prevalence Soiltransmitted helminths Mwaluphamba

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Direct recycling of Li-ion batteries from cell to pack level:Challenges and prospects on technology,scalability,sustainability,and economics

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 1-39页

作者： joseph Jegan Roy Do Minh Phuong Vivek Verma Richa Chaudhary Michael Carboni Daniel Meyer Bin Cao Madhavi Srinivasan Energy Research Institute@NTU(ERI@N) SCARCE LaboratoryNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore CEA CNRSENSCMUniversity of MontpellierUMR 5257(ICSM)Bagnols-sur-Cèze CedexFrance School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Direct recycling is a novel approach to overcoming the drawbacks of conventional lithium-ion battery(LIB)recycling processes and has gained considerable attention from the academic and industrial sectors in recent *** primary objective of directly recycling LIBs is to efficiently recover and restore the active electrode materials and other components in the solid phase while retaining electrochemical *** technology's advantages over traditional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are costeffectiveness,energy efficiency,and sustainability,and it preserves the material structure and morphology and can shorten the overall recycling *** review extensively discusses the advancements in the direct recycling of LIBs,including battery sorting,pretreatment processes,separation of cathode and anode materials,and regeneration and quality enhancement of electrode *** encompasses various approaches to successfully regenerate high-value electrode materials and streamlining the recovery process without compromising their electrochemical ***,we highlight key challenges in direct recycling when scaled from lab to industries in four perspectives:(1)battery design,(2)disassembling,(3)electrode delamination,and(4)commercialization and *** on these challenges and changing market trends,a few strategies are discussed to aid direct recycling efforts,such as binders,electrolyte selection,and alternative battery designs;and recent transitions and technological advancements in the battery industry are presented.

关键词： battery design cathode regeneration direct recycling graphite recycling lithium-ion battery,scaling-up

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Mantle Driven Early Eocene Magmatic Flare-up of the Gangdese Arc, Tibet: A Case Study on the Nymo Intrusive Complex

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 878-903页

作者： MA Xuxuan joseph GMEERT CAO Wenrong TIAN Zuolin LIU Dongliang XIONG Fahui LI Haibing Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Borehole Crustal Activity National Observation and Research Station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Department of Geological Sciences Neil Opdyke Paleomagnetic LaboratoryUniversity of Florida241 Williamson HallGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering University of NevadaRenoMS-1721664 N.Virginia St.RenoNV 89557USA

Magmatic periodicity is recognized in continental arcs worldwide, but the mechanism responsible for punctuated arc magmatism is controversial. Continental arcs in the Trans-Himalayan orogenic system display episodic magmatism and the most voluminous flare-up in this system was in early Eocene during the transition from subduction to collision. The close association of the flare-up with collision is intriguing. Our study employs zircon Lu-Hf and bulk rock Sr-Nd isotopes, along with mineral geochemistry, to track the melt sources of the Nymo intrusive complex and the role of mantle magma during the early Eocene flare-up of the Gangdese arc, Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex is composed of gabbronorite, diorite, quartz diorite, and granodiorite which define an arc-related calc-alkaline suite. Zircon U-Pb ages reveal that the complex was emplaced between ~50–47 Ma. Zircon Hf isotopes yield εHf(t) values of 8.2–13.1, while whole-rock Sr and Nd isotopes yield εNd(t) values of 2.7–6.5 indicative of magmatism dominated by melting of a juvenile mantle source with only minor crustal assimilation(~15%–25%) as indicated by assimilation and fractional crystallization modeling. Together with published data, the early Eocene magmatic flare-up was likely triggered by slab breakoff of subducted oceanic lithosphere at depths shallower than the overriding plate. The early Eocene magmatic flare-up may have contributed to crustal thickening of the Gangdese arc. This study provides important insights into the magmatic flare-up and its significant role in the generation of large batholiths during the transition from subduction to collision.

关键词： mantle magmatic flare-up subduction–collision transition Nymo intrusive complex Gangdese Tibet

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Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and sarcopenia:A double whammy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 152-163页

作者： Aditya Viswanath Sherouk Fouda Cornelius James Fernandez joseph M Pappachan School of Medicine Leicester UniversityLeicester LE17RHUnited Kingdom School of Health and Biomedical Sciences Rmit UniversityMelbourne VICAustralia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has increased substantially in recent years because of the global obesity ***,now recognized as the number one cause of chronic liver disease in the world,not only increases liver-related morbidity and mortality among sufferers but also worsens the complications associated with other comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,obstructive sleep apnoea,lipid disorders and *** the interplay between MAFLD and these comorbidities is important to design optimal therapeutic *** can be either part of the disease process that results in MAFLD(e.g.,obesity or adiposity)or a consequence of MAFLD,especially in the advanced stages such as fibrosis and *** can also worsen MAFLD by reducing exercise capacity and by the production of various muscle-related chemical ***,it is crucial to thoroughly understand how we deal with these diseases,especially when they *** explore the pathobiological interlinks between MAFLD and sarcopenia in this comprehensive clinical update review article and propose evidence-based therapeutic strategies to enhance patient care.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity Lean metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Cardiovascular disease Liver-muscle axis

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Modelling and Characterization of Basalt/Vinyl Ester/SiC Micro-and Nano-hybrid Biocomposites Properties Using Novel ANN–GA Approach

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 938-952页

作者： Yesudhasan Thooyavan Lakshmi Annamali Kumaraswamidhas Robinson Dhas Edwin Raj joseph Selvi Binoj Bright Brailson Mansingh Antony Sagai Francis Britto Alamry Ali Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad(ISM)DhanbadJharkhand826004India Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya(GSV-A Central University Funded By GoI in the Ministry of Railways) LalbaugVadodaraGujarat390004India Institute of Mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Saveetha UniversityChennaiTamilnadu602105India Metal Joining Research Centre Department of Mechanical EngineeringSri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeCoimbatoreTamilnadu641022India Department of Mechanical Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and TechnologyPalkulamTamil Nadu629401India Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University11942Al-KharjSaudi Arabia

Basalt fiber reinforcement in polymer matrix composites is becoming more and more popular because of its environmental friendliness and mechanical qualities that are comparable to those of synthetic *** fiber strengthened vinyl ester matrix polymeric composite with filler addition of nano-and micro-sized silicon carbide(SiC)element spanning from 2 weight percent to 10 weight percent was studied for its mechanical and wear *** application of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)to correlate the filler addition composition for optimum mechanical properties is required due to the non-linear mechanical and tribological features of *** stuffing blend and composition of the composite are optimized using the hybrid model and Genetic Algorithm(GA)to maximize the mechanical and wear-resistant *** predicted and tested ANN–GA optimal values obtained for the composite combination had a tensile,flexural,impact resilience,hardness and wear properties of 202.93 MPa,501.67 MPa,3.460 J/s,43 HV and 0.196 g,respectively,for its optimum combination of filler and *** can be noted that the nano-sized SiC filler particle enhances most of the properties of the composite which diversifies its *** predicted mechanical and wear values of the developed ANN–GA model were in closer agreement with the experimental values which validate the model.

关键词： Hybrid polymer composite Prediction Process modelling Artificial neural networks Genetic algorithm

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EventLFM:event camera integrated Fourier light field microscopy for ultrafast 3D imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1401-1415页

作者： Ruipeng Guo Qianwan Yang Andrew S.Chang Guorong Hu joseph Greene Christopher V.Gabel Sixian You Lei Tian Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Neurophotonics Center Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics(RLE)in the Department of Electrical Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Ultrafast 3D imaging is indispensable for visualizing complex and dynamic biological *** scanning-based techniques necessitate an inherent trade-off between acquisition speed and space-bandwidth product(SBP).Emerging single-shot 3D wide-field techniques offer a promising alternative but are bottlenecked by the synchronous readout constraints of conventional CMOS systems,thus restricting data throughput to maintain high SBP at limited frame *** address this,we introduce EventLFM,a straightforward and cost-effective system that overcomes these challenges by integrating an event camera with Fourier light field microscopy(LFM),a state-of-theart single-shot 3D wide-field imaging *** event camera operates on a novel asynchronous readout architecture,thereby bypassing the frame rate limitations inherent to conventional CMOS *** further develop a simple and robust event-driven LFM reconstruction algorithm that can reliably reconstruct 3D dynamics from the unique spatiotemporal measurements captured by *** results demonstrate that EventLFM can robustly reconstruct fast-moving and rapidly blinking 3D fluorescent samples at kHz frame ***,we highlight EventLFM’s capability for imaging of blinking neuronal signals in scattering mouse brain tissues and 3D tracking of GFP-labeled neurons in freely moving *** believe that the combined ultrafast speed and large 3D SBP offered by EventLFM may open up new possibilities across many biomedical applications.

关键词： field linking overcome

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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga Wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

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Comparative efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus:A real-world experience

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 463-474页

作者： Lubna Islam Dhanya Jose Mohammed Alkhalifah Dania Blaibel Vishnu Chandrabalan joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Community Medicine Goa Medical CollegeGoa 403202India Department of Family Medicine King Faisal Specialist HospitalRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Data Science Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityAll Saints BuildingManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i)are a class of drugs with modest antidiabetic efficacy,weight loss effect,and cardiovascular benefits as proven by multiple randomised controlled trials(RCTs).However,real-world data on the comparative efficacy and safety of individual SGLT-2i medications is *** To study the comparative efficacy and safety of SGLT-2i using real-world clinical *** We evaluated the comparative efficacy data of 3 SGLT-2i drugs(dapagliflozin,canagliflozin,and empagliflozin)used for treating patients with type 2 diabetes *** on the reduction of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),body weight,blood pressure(BP),urine albumin creatinine ratio(ACR),and adverse effects were recorded *** Data from 467 patients with a median age of 64(14.8)years,294(62.96%)males and 375(80.5%)Caucasians were *** diabetes duration was 16.0(9.0)years,and the duration of SGLT-2i use was 3.6(2.1)***-2i molecules used were dapagliflozin 10 mg(n=227;48.6%),canagliflozin 300 mg(n=160;34.3%),and empagliflozin 25 mg(n=80;17.1).Baseline median(interquartile range)HbA1c in mmol/mol were:dapagliflozin-78.0(25.3),canagliflozin-80.0(25.5),and empagliflozin-75.0(23.5)*** respective median HbA1c reduction at 12 months and the latest review(just prior to the study)were:66.5(22.8)&69.0(24.0),67.0(16.3)&66.0(28.0),and 67.0(22.5)&66.5(25.8)respectively(P<0.001 for all comparisons from baseline).Significant improvements in body weight(in kilograms)from baseline to study end were noticed with dapagliflozin-101(29.5)to 92.2(25.6),and canagliflozin 100(28.3)to 95.3(27.5)*** reductions in median systolic and diastolic BP,from 144(21)mmHg to 139(23)mmHg;(P=0.015),and from 82(16)mmHg to 78(19)mmHg;(P<0.001)respectively were also observed.A significant reduction of microalbuminuria was observed with canagliflozin only[ACR 14.6(42.6)at baseline to 8.9(23.7)at the study end;P=0.043].Adverse effects

关键词： Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Empagliflozin Canagliflozin Dapagliflozin Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Albumin creatinine ratio Diabesity

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Greening the Belt and Road Initiative: Evidence from emergy evaluation of China’s provincial trade with ASEAN countries

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 379-393页

作者： Xu Tian joseph Sarkis Wei Chen Yong Geng Haozhi Pan Zuoxi Liu Sergio Ulgiati SJTU-UNIDO Joint Institute of Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development School of International and Public AffairsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609-2280USA School of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Clean Energy of Liaoning School of Energy and EnvironmentShenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China Department of Science and Technology Parthenope University of NapoliNaples 80143Italy School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is a central policy within China’s regional development and foreign trade *** trade has typically depended on economic valuation of resources,while the embedded environmental value is rarely *** situation exists in most BRI trade *** address BRI environmental sustainability issues,we consider the role of pivotal Chinese provinces and their key trade partners(ASEAN countries)as an illustration for the environmental value of resource *** accounting is used as the valuation tool for a sample period of seventeen *** results include:(1)Emergy valuations show sustainability of sample provinces decreased over time;(2)ASEAN countries such as Indonesia,Malaysia,Singapore,Thailand,and Vietnam play significant resource roles for provincial economic systems;(3)Diverse trends in trade between pivotal provinces and ASEAN countries resulted in an unbalanced trade structure from *** implications are proposed to promote a more globally sustainable and fair trade using BRI as an established trade policy.

关键词： International trade Emergy Belt and road initiative Environmental sustainability Province

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Management of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism:A clinical update

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-28页

作者： Mohan T Shenoy Sunetra Mondal Cornelius James Fernandez joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology Sree Gokulam Medical Collegeand Research FoundationTrivandrum 695607KeralaIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The global obesity pandemic has resulted in a rise in the prevalence of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism(MOSH)with emerging evidence on the role of testosterone *** aim to provide an updated and practical approach towards its *** did a comprehensive literature search across MEDLINE(via PubMed),Scopus,and Google Scholar databases using the keywords“MOSH”OR“Obesity-related hypogonadism”OR“Testosterone replacement therapy”OR“Selective estrogen receptor modulator”OR“SERM”OR“Guidelines on male hypogonadism”as well as a manual search of references within the articles.A narrative review based on available evidence,recommendations and their practical implications was *** weight loss is the ideal therapeutic strategy for patients with MOSH,achievement of significant weight reduction is usually difficult with lifestyle changes alone in real-world ***,androgen administration is often necessary in the management of hypogonadism in patients with MOSH which also improves many other comorbidities related to ***,there is conflicting evidence for the appropriate use of testosterone replacement therapy(TRT),and it can also be associated with *** evidence-based review updates the available evidence including the very recently published results of the TRAVERSE trial and provides comprehensive clinical practice pearls for the management of patients with *** starting testosterone replacement in functional hypogonadism of obesity,it would be desirable to initiate lifestyle modification to ensure weight *** should be coupled with the management of other comorbidities related to obesity in MOSH *** the risks and benefits of TRT should be considered in every patient before and during longterm management.

关键词： Male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism Androgen therapy Testosterone replacement therapy Obesity Cardiovascular benefits

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