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m.nogenic diabetes in children:An underdiagnosed and poorly m.naged clinical dilem.a

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1051-1059页

作者： Saptarshi Bhattacharya joseph m.Pappachan Departm.nt of Endocrinology Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsDelhi 110076India Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

m.nogenic diabetes,constituting 1%-2%of global diabetes cases,arises from.single gene defects with distinctive inheritance *** over 50 associated genetic disorders,accurate diagnoses and m.nagem.nt of m.nogenic diabetes rem.in inadequate,underscoring insufficient clinician *** disease spectrum.encom.asses m.turity-onset diabetes of the young(m.DY),characterized by distinct genetic m.tations affecting insulin secretion,and neonatal diabetes m.llitus(nDm.-a heterogeneous group of severe hyperglycem.c disorders in *** diabetes,autoim.une m.nogenic diabetes,genetic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndrom.s further diversify the m.nogenic diabetes landscape.A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochem.cal factors to identify candidates for genetic screening is recom.ended for suspected cases of *** diagnosis warrants im.ediate m.lecular genetic testing for infants under six *** these genetic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision *** research aim.d to develop cost-effective genetic testing m.thods and gene-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optim.ze clinical *** and study of new genes offer a valuable opportunity to gain deeper insights into pancreatic cell biology and the pathogenic m.chanism. underlying com.on form. of *** clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of Diabetes is such an attem.t to fill-in our knowledge gap about this enigm.tic disease.

关键词： m.nogenic diabetes m.turity-onset diabetes of the young neonatal diabetes m.tochondrial diabetes Insulin resistance syndrom.s Genetic testing next generation sequencing

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Periodontitis:An often-neglected com.lication of diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： m.rina G Kudiyirickal joseph m.Pappachan Prim.ry Care Dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes m.llitus(T2Dm.and periodontitis is now well established,resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th m.jor com.lication of diabetes m.llitus(Dm.after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular *** can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral m.crobial flora aggravating the local inflam.ation and infection in those with periodontal *** the other hand,the chem.cal and im.unological m.diators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflam.ation worsen the system.c insulin resistance with worsening of *** if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes exam.ned the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with *** prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this *** on logistic regression analysis,the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency[odds ratio(OR)=4.3],high triglycerides(TG;OR=3.31),high total cholesterol(TC;OR=2.87),higher glycated hem.globin(HbA1c;OR=2.55),and higher age(OR=1.05)while higher education level was protective(OR=0.53).However,the m.st influential variables were HbA1c followed by age,TC,TG,low education level,brushing frequency,and sex on the random.forest m.del(this m.del showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk).A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2Dm.patients is im.ortant in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to im.rove periodontal health and enable long-term.glycaem.c control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： Diabetes m.llitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease Glycaem.c control

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Towards Im.roving the Quality of Requirem.nt and Testing Process in Agile Software Developm.nt: An Em.irical Study

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Com.uters, m.terials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3761-3784页

作者： Ilays I. Hafeez Y. Alm.shfi n. Ali S. Hum.yun m. Aqib m. Alwakid G. University Institute of Inform.tion Technology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan Departm.nt of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia School of Arts Hum.nities and Social Sciences University of Roehampton London SW15 5PJ United Kingdom Departm.nt of Com.uter Science College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia

Software testing is a critical phase due to m.sconceptions about am.iguities in the requirem.nts during specification, which affect the testing process. Therefore, it is difficult to identify all faults in software. As requirem.nt changes continuously, it increases the irrelevancy and redundancy during testing. Due to these challenges; fault detection capability decreases and there arises a need to im.rove the testing process, which is based on changes in requirem.nts specification. In this research, we have developed a m.del to resolve testing challenges through requirem.nt prioritization and prediction in an agile-based environm.nt. The research objective is to identify the m.st relevant and m.aningful requirem.nts through sem.ntic analysis for correct change analysis. Then com.ute the sim.larity of requirem.nts through case-based reasoning, which predicted the requirem.nts for reuse and restricted to error-based requirem.nts. Afterward, the apriori algorithm.m.pped out requirem.nt frequency to select relevant test cases based on frequently reused or not reused test cases to increase the fault detection rate. Furtherm.re, the proposed m.del was evaluated by conducting experim.nts. The results showed that requirem.nt redundancy and irrelevancy im.roved due to sem.ntic analysis, which correctly predicted the requirem.nts, increasing the fault detection rate and resulting in high user satisfaction. The predicted requirem.nts are m.pped into test cases, increasing the fault detection rate after changes to achieve higher user satisfaction. Therefore, the m.del im.roves the redundancy and irrelevancy of requirem.nts by m.re than 90% com.ared to other clustering m.thods and the analytical hierarchical process, achieving an 80% fault detection rate at an earlier stage. Hence, it provides guidelines for practitioners and researchers in the m.dern era. In the future, we will provide the working prototype of this m.del for proof of concept. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publ

关键词： agile software developm.nt case-based reasoning Requirem.nt prediction sem.ntic analysis software testing

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m.gnetic,dielectric and electrical m.dulus of Ce^(3+) doped cobalt-m.gnesium.ferrite nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 373-382,I0005页

作者： n.m.Basfer Hanaa Alm.gham.i Departm.nt of Physics Umm AL-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Physics Departm.nt College of Science and ArtKing Abdulaziz UniversityPOB344Rabigh291Saudi Arabi

In this work,the m.gnetic,dielectric properties and electric m.dulus of Ce^(3+) substituted cobaltm.gnesium.Co_(0.7)m._(0.3)Ce_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_4)(labeled as Cm.F) ferrite nanoparticles were investigated in *** m.gnetization decreases from.50.05 to 34.87 em./g for further substituting Ce^(3+) ***,coercivity increases from.738.22 Gs for the Cm.FO sam.le to 912.10 Gs for the Cm.F2 sam.le,then decreases m.notonically to 762.1 Gs for the Cm.F5 *** cerium.content and particle size play im.ortant roles in controlling the m.gnetization and coercivity of the Cm.F *** Cm.F nanoferrites are suitable for m.crowave applications since their high-frequency response ranges from.7.72 to 11.07 *** Cm.F nanoferrites' dielectric param.ter dispersion exhibits norm.l *** pristine Co-m. nanoferrite only has ε' value of 28.25,but the nanoferrite m.m.2 has ε' value of365.03,with an enhancing ratio of 1192%.The conduction m.chanism.of the m.m. nanoferrites was determ.ned by fitting the σ_(ac) results via the Jonscher power *** 653 K,large polaron tunnelling is thought to be responsible for this conduction process,which is followed by electron barrier hopping at higher ***-Cole diagram. at different tem.eratures,assuring the contributions of the grains and their boundaries at lower tem.eratures(653 K) and only the grains at higher *** on our results,the Cm.F nanoferrites hold m.gnetic and sem.conducting nature,which can be used in m.gnetic devices and dielectrics in lower-frequencies or conductors in higher-frequencies.

关键词： nanoferrites Rare earth ions m.gnetic properties Dielectric param.ters Im.edance spectroscopy

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Direct m.crowave leaching conditions of rare earth elem.nts in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol m.n.Saridede S.S.Kaplan m.S.Sonm.z Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering and m.terials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The lum.nescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lam. constitutes 2%of the lam.’s *** can be m.ntioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw m.terial to produce rare earth *** the present study,m.crowave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elem.nts yttrium.Y),europium.Eu),and rem.ining rare earth elem.nts(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the m.crowave leaching process,the effects of the tem.erature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HnO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 m.l/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction tim.(5-90 m.n)param.ters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elem.nts and calcium.were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct m.crowave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experim.ntal conditions of 6 m.l/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were m.de,and kinetic m.dels of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum.La),cerium.Ce),and terbium.Tb)were exam.ned to be chem.cal reaction ***,calcium.Ca)and gadolinium.Gd)seem.coherent with the m.xed ***,m.them.tical m.dels of all experim.ntal studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken m.thod and the correlation coefficients of all the m.dels are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elem.nts(REEs) Direct m.crowave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic m.dels Response surface m.thod

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EDSUCh:A robust ensem.le data sum.arization m.thod for effective m.dical diagnosis

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Digital Com.unications and networks 2024年第1期10卷 182-189页

作者： m.hiuddin Ahm.d A.n.m.Bazlur Rashid School of Science Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia

Identifying rare patterns for m.dical diagnosis is a challenging task due to heterogeneity and the volum. of *** sum.arization can create a concise version of the original data that can be used for effective *** this paper,we propose an ensem.le sum.arization m.thod that com.ines clustering and sam.ling to create a sum.ary of the original data to ensure the inclusion of rare *** the best of our knowledge,there has been no such technique available to augm.nt the perform.nce of anom.ly detection techniques and sim.ltaneously increase the efficiency of m.dical *** perform.nce of popular anom.ly detection algorithm. increases significantly in term. of accuracy and com.utational com.lexity when the sum.aries are ***,the m.dical diagnosis becom.s m.re effective,and our experim.ntal results reflect that the com.ination of the proposed sum.arization schem. and all underlying algorithm. used in this paper outperform. the m.st popular anom.ly detection techniques.

关键词： Data sum.arization Ensem.le m.dical diagnosis Sam.ling

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Elucidating the Degradation Pathways of Hum.n Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 288-299页

作者： Andrew Fagan Lorraine m.Batem.n joseph P.O'Shea Abina m.Crean SSPC the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of Pharm.cy University College Cork Analytical and Biological Chem.stry Research Facility (ABCRF) University College Cork School of Chem.stry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the developm.nt of peptide oral dosage form. in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and com.ercial success of approved peptides such as Rybelsus?, there rem.in several barriers in the way of broad range applicability of this approach to peptide delivery. One such barrier includes the poor physical and chem.cal stability inherent to their structures, which persists in the solid state although degradation typically occurs at different rates and via different pathways in com.arison to the solution state. Using insulin as a m.del peptide, this work sought to contribute to the developm.nt of analytical techniques for investigating com.on insulin degradation pathways. Chem.cally denatured,deam.dated and aggregated sam.les were prepared and used to benchm.rk circular dichroism.spectroscopy, reverse phase HPLC and size exclusion chrom.tography m.thods for the investigation of unfolding, chem.cal m.difications and covalent aggregation of the insulin m.lecule respectively. Solid state degraded sam.les were prepared by heating insulin powder at 60 °C and 75% relative hum.dity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation profiles of the sam.les were evaluated and com.ared with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deam.dation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for separation of the insulin A-and B-chains,offering a facile yet novel m.ans of assessing the m.chanism. of deam.dation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： Biopharm.ceutical analysis Covalent aggregation Deam.dation Disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

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Acute worsening of m.crovascular com.lications of diabetes m.llitus during rapid glycem.c control:The pathobiology and therapeutic im.lications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 311-317页

作者： Dania Blaibel Cornelius Jam.s Fernandez joseph m.Pappachan Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

While chronic hyperglycaem.a resulting from.poorly controlled diabetes m.llitus(Dm.is a well-known precursor to com.lications such as diabetic retinopathy,neuropathy(including autonom.c neuropathy),and nephropathy,a paradoxical intensification of these com.lications can rarely occur with aggressive glycem.c m.nagem.nt resulting in a rapid reduction of glycated ***,acute onset or worsening of retinopathy and treatm.nt induced neuropathy of diabetes are m.re com.on am.ng these com.lications,rarely other problem. such as album.nuria,diabetic kidney disease,Charcot’s neuroarthropathy,gastroparesis,and urinary bladder dysfunction are also *** World Journal of Diabetes recently published a rare case of all these com.lications,occurring in a young type 1 diabetic fem.le intensely m.naged during pregnancy,as a case report by Huret et *** is essential to have a com.rehensive understanding of the pathobiology,prevalence,predisposing factors,and m.nagem.nt strategies for acute onset,or worsening of m.crovascular com.lications when rapid glycem.c control is achieved,which serves to alleviate patient m.rbidity,enhance disease m.nagem.nt com.liance,and possibly to avoid m.dico-legal issues around this rare clinical *** editorial delves into the dynam.cs surrounding the acute exacerbation of m.crovascular com.lications in poorly controlled Dm.during rapid glycaem.c control.

关键词： Diabetes m.llitus m.crovascular com.lications Diabetic retinopathy Treatm.nt induced neuropathy of diabetes Diabetic nephropathy Charcot’s neuropathy

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non-pharm.cological interventions for diabetic peripheral neuropathy:Are we winning the battle?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 579-585页

作者： Dania Blaibel Cornelius Jam.s Fernandez joseph m.Pappachan Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology&m.tabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Despite the advent of relatively reliable m.dalities of diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPn),such as nerve conduction studies,there is still a knowledge gap about the pathophysiology,and thus lim.ted available in-terventions for sym.tom.control and curtailing disease *** pharm.-cologic aspect of m.nagem.nt is m.inly centred on pain control,however,there are several im.ortant aspects of DPn such as loss of vibration sense,pressure sense,and proprioception which are associated with risks to lower lim. health,which pharm.cotherapy does not ***,published evidence suggests non-pharm.cologic interventions such as glycaem.c control through dietary m.dification and exercise need to be com.ined with other m.asures such as psychotherapy,to reach a desired,however m.dest *** is em.rging as an im.ortant treatm.nt m.dality for several chronic m.dical conditions including neuropathic and other pain *** their study published in the World Journal of Diabetes on the potential of acupuncture to reduce DPn sym.tom. and enhance nerve conduction param.ters,Hoerder et al have been able to dem.nstrate that acupuncture im.roves sensory function and that this effect is likely sustained two m.nths after treatm.nt *** previous studies also support these findings,larger m.lti-center random.zed control trials including a sham.controlled arm.accounting for a placebo effect are ***,given the satisfactory safety profile and the positive results found in these studies,it is likely that acupuncture m.y becom. an im.ortant aspect of the repertoire of effective DPn m.nagem.nt.

关键词： Diabetic peripheral neuropathy Diabetes m.llitus Pharm.cotherapy Acupuncture neuropathic pain nonpharm.cological intervention

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Diabetic cardiom.opathy:Em.rging therapeutic options

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1677-1682页

作者： Cornelius Jam.s Fernandez Sahana Shetty joseph m.Pappachan Departm.nt of Endocrinology&m.tabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Diabetic cardiom.opathy(DbCm.is a com.on but underrecognized com.lication of patients with diabetes m.llitus(Dm..Although the pathobiology of other cardiac com.lications of diabetes such as ischem.c heart disease and cardiac autonom.c neuropathy are m.stly known with reasonable therapeutic options,the m.chanism. and m.nagem.nt options for DbCm.are still not fully *** its early stages,DbCm.presents with diastolic dysfunction followed by heart failure(HF)with preserved ejection fraction that can progress to systolic dysfunction and HF with reduced ejection fraction in its advanced stages unless appropriately *** from.prom.t control of Dm.with lifestyle changes and antidiabetic m.dications,disease-m.difying therapy for DbCm.includes prom.t control of hypertension and dyslipidem.a inherent to patients with Dm.as in other form. of heart diseases and the use of treatm.nts with proven efficacy in HF.A basic study by Zhang et al,in a recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes elaborates the potential pathophysiological alterations and the therapeutic role of teneligliptin in diabetic m.use m.dels with *** this prelim.nary basic study m.ght help to im.rove our understanding of DbCm.and offer a potential new m.nagem.nt option for patients with the disease,the positive results from.such anim.l m.dels m.ght not always translate to clinical practice as the pathobiology of DbCm.in hum.ns could be ***,such experim.ntal studies can encourage m.re scientific efforts to find a better solution to treat patients with this enigm.tic disease.

关键词： Diabetic cardiom.opathy Diabetic cardiom.opathy Heart failure Pathobiology Teneligliptin

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