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Concurrent multi-peak Bragg coherent x-ray diffraction imaging of 3D nanocrystal lattice displacement via global optimization

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1579-1590页

作者： Siddharth Maddali Travis D.Frazer Nazar Delegan Katherine j.Harmon Sean E.Sullivan Marc Allain Wonsuk Cha Alan Dibos Ishwor Poudyal Saugat Kandel Youssef S.G.Nashed F.joseph Heremans Hoydoo You Yue Cao Stephan O.Hruszkewycz Materials Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSCentrale MarseilleInstitut FresnelMarseilleFrance X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Mathematics&Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago5640 South Ellis AvenueChicagoIL 60637USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA

In this paper we demonstrated a method to reconstruct vector-valued lattice distortion fields within nanoscale crystals by optimization of a forward model of multi-reflection Bragg coherent diffraction imaging(MR-BCDI)*** method flexibly accounts for geometric factors that arise when making BCDI measurements,is amenable to efficient inversion with modern optimization toolkits,and allows for globally constraining a single image reconstruction to multiple Bragg peak *** is enabled by a forward model that emulates the multiple Bragg peaks of a MR-BCDI experiment from a single estimate of the 3D crystal *** present this forward model,we implement it within the stochastic gradient descent optimization framework,and we demonstrate it with simulated and experimental data of nanocrystals with inhomogeneous internal lattice *** find that utilizing a global optimization approach to MR-BCDI affords a reliable path to convergence of data which is otherwise challenging to reconstruct.

关键词： optimization coherent lattice

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Electro-acupuncture to prevent prolonged postoperative ileus:A randomized clinical trial

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 104-111页

作者： M Kay Garcia joseph S Chiang Bob Thornton j Lynn Palmer jennifer McQuade Lorenzo Cohen Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine/Integrative Medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Behavioral Science M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of GI Medical Oncology M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas

AIM:To examine whether acupuncture can prevent prolonged postoperative ileus(PPOI)after intraperitoneal surgery for colon cancer. METHODS:Ninety patients were recruited from the Fudan University Cancer Hospital,Shanghai,China. After surgery,patients were randomized to receive acupuncture(once daily,starting on postoperative day 1, for up to six consecutive days)or usual *** was defined as an inability to pass flatus or have a bowel movement by 96 h after *** main outcomes were time to first flatus,time to first bowel movement, and *** outcomes were quality of life(QOL)measures,including pain, nausea,insomnia,abdominal distension/fullness,and sense of well-being. RESULTS:No significant differences in PPOI on day 4 (P=0.71)or QOL measures were found between the *** were also no group differences when the data were analyzed by examining those whose PPOI had resolved by day 5(P=0.69)or day 6(P= 0.88).No adverse events related to acupuncture were reported. CONCLUSION:Acupuncture did not prevent PPOI andwas not useful for treating PPOI once it had developed in this population.

关键词： Acupuncture Gastrointestinal motility Gastrointestinal disorders Gastrointestinal neoplasms

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Prevalence and clinical risk factors for esophageal candidiasis in non-human immunodeficiency virus patients:A multicenter retrospective case-control study

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第6期15卷 480-490页

作者： Alexandra V Kimchy AkramⅠAhmad Lindsey Tully Connor Lester Kavya Sanghavi joseph j jennings Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDC 20007United States Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital CenterWashingtonDC 20007United States Department of Internal Medicine Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDC 20007United States Department of Biostatistics and Biomedical Informatics MedStar Research InstituteHyattsvilleMD 20781United States Department of Gastroenterology MedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDC 20007United States

BACKGROUND Although esophageal candidiasis(EC)may manifest in immunocompetent individuals,there is a lack of consensus in the current literature about predisposing conditions that increase the risk of *** To determine the prevalence of EC in patients without human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and identify risk factors for *** We retrospectively reviewed inpatient and outpatient encounters from 5 regional hospitals within the United States(US)from 2015 to *** Classification of Diseases,Ninth and Tenth Revisions were used to identify patients with endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus and *** with HIV were *** with EC were compared to age,gender,and encounter-matched controls without *** demographics,symptoms,diagnoses,medications,and laboratory data were obtained from chart *** in medians for continuous variables were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and categorical variables using chi-square *** logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for EC,after adjusting for potential confounding *** Of the 1969 patients who had endoscopic biopsies of the esophagus performed from 2015 to 2020,295 patients had the diagnosis of EC.177 of 1969 patients(8.99%)had pathology confirming the diagnosis of EC and were included in the study for data collection and further *** comparison to controls,patients with EC had significantly higher rates of gastroesophageal reflux disease(40.10%vs 27.50%;P=0.006),prior organ transplant(10.70%vs 2%;P<0.001),immunosuppressive medication(18.10%vs 8.10%;P=0.002),proton pump inhibitor(48%vs 30%;P<0.001),corticosteroid(35%vs 17%;P<0.001),Tylenol(25.40%vs 16.20%;P=0.019),and aspirin use(39%vs 27.50%;P=0.013).On multivariable logistic regression analysis,patients with a prior organ transplant had increased odds of EC(OR=5.81;P=0.009),as did patients taking a proton pump inhibitor(OR=1.66;P=0.03)or corticost

关键词： Candidiasis Esophagus Endoscopy Proton pump inhibitors Transplants Glucocorticoids

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Anaerobic bacteria and intrahepatic stones: detections of Clostridium sp. and Bacteroides fragilis

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Chinese Medical journal 2000年第9期113卷 90-93页

作者： LIU Yanlei Kan Lam Yajarayma j Tang Paul H Gumerlock Dong Ki Lee Myung Hwa Kim Sum P Lee joseph Silvajr joseph W Leung Division of Gastroenterology and Mr & MrsCWLaw Biofilm Research Center University of CaliforniaDavis MedicalCenterSacramentoCA95817USA

To detect anaerobic bacteria Clostridium sp . and Bacteroides fragilis in intrahepatic stones by molecular genetic method Methods DNA was extracted from 59 stone samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Clostridium sp . and the glutamine synthetase gene of Bacteroides fragilis Single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed to identify the Clostridium sp Results 16S rRNA gene sequences for Clostridium sp. were identified in 49 stones (83%, 49/59) The two most common groups were detected in 19 (41%) and 17 (37%) of the 46 samples using SSPC analysis, and 25/59 (42%) stones were tested positive for Bacteroides fragilis Conclusions Anaerobes such as Clostridium sp and Bacteroides fragilis present in intrahepatic stones and may play a role in stone formation PCR is a useful technique to detect fastidious pathogens, which are difficult to culture SSCP of PCR products is a rapid method in differentiating bacterial species

关键词： intrahepatic stone anaerobic bacteria PCR single-strand confromational polymorphism

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Functional attributes of two subtropical shrubs and implications for the distribution and management of endangered bird habitat

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journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第6期8卷 578-592页

作者： Genie M.Fleming joseph M.Wunderle jr David N.Ewert joseph j.O’Brien Eileen H.Helmer Puerto Rican Conservation Foundation PO Box 362495San JuanPR 00936USA International Institute of Tropical Forestry USDA Forest ServiceSabana Field Research StationHC 02 Box 6205LuquilloPR 00773-1377USA The Nature Conservancy 101 East Grand RiverLansingMI 48906USA Center for Forest Disturbance Science USDA Forest Service320 Green StAthensGA 30602USA

Aims The fruits of Erithalis fruticosa *** Lantana involucrata *** important in the diet of u federally endangered Kirtland’s Warblers(Setophaga kirtlandii)wintering in the bahamas *** two shrubs occur in tropical and subtropical dry forests,including forests that have been subjected to recent *** their importance to the endangered warbler,the disturbance ecology of these shrubs is poorly *** sought to determine,based on functional characteristics of the plants,whether their presence is favored by a particular type or regime of *** We used data from field experiments(seed broadcasting and shrub cutting)conducted on the island of Eleuthera,The bahamas to determine mechanisms of and conditions favoring establishment and persistence(‘vital attributes’)of *** and ***,which enabled categorization according to the plant functional types defined by Noble and slatyer(1980).We then compared hypothesized distributions of these plant functional types among different anthropogenic disturbance regimes to observed distribu-tions of *** and *** in order to identify distur-bance regimes most likely to produce habitat used by Kirtland’s *** Findings *** and *** were functionally categorized as widely dispersed but largely shade intolerant species capable of establishing or regenerating individuals after disturbance via both seeds and vegetative *** hypothesized and observed distribution patterns indicated the shrubs were favored by a regime of frequent disturbance producing open canopy and ground *** the anthropogenic disturbances we examined,areas of large-scale land clearing combined with subsequent goat graz-ing most often supported *** and ***,while the shrubs were relatively rare in burned *** the plant functional type framework in combination with field data to evaluate predictions of species occur

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance black torch plant functional type vital attributes wild sage

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Validity of a noninvasive estimation of deep body temperature when wearing personal protective equipment during exercise and recovery

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 328-339页

作者： Andrew P.Hunt Mark j.Buller Matthew j.Maley joseph T.Costello Ian B.Stewart School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences&Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine NatickMAUSA Extreme Environments Laboratory Department of Sport and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK

Background:Deep body temperature is a critical indicator of heat ***,direct measures are often invasive,costly,and difficult to implement in the *** study assessed the agreement between deep body temperature estimated from heart rate and that measured directly during repeated work bouts while wearing explosive ordnance disposal(EOD)protective clothing and during ***:Eight males completed three work and recovery periods across two separate *** consisted of treadmill walking on a 1%incline at 2.5,4.0,or 5.5 km/h,in a random order,wearing EOD protective *** temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 24℃and 50%[Wet bulb globe temperature(WBGT)(20.9±1.2)℃]or 32℃and 60%[WBGT(29.0±0.2)℃]on the separate days,*** rate and gastrointestinal temperature(TGI)were monitored continuously,and deep body temperature was also estimated from heart rate(ECTemp).Results:The overall systematic bias between TGI and ECTemp was 0.01℃with 95%limits of agreement(Lo A)of±0.64℃and a root mean square error of 0.32℃.The average error statistics among participants showed no significant differences in error between the exercise and recovery periods or the environmental *** TGI levels of(37.0–37.5)℃,(37.5–38.0)℃,(38.0–38.5)℃,and>38.5℃,the systematic bias and±95%Lo A were(0.08±0.58)℃,(–0.02±0.69)℃,(–0.07±0.63)℃,and(–0.32±0.56)℃,***:The findings demonstrate acceptable validity of the ECTemp up to 38.5℃.Conducting work within an ECTemp limit of 38.4℃,in conditions similar to the present study,would protect the majority of personnel from an excessive elevation in deep body temperature(>39.0℃).

关键词： Protective clothing Body core temperature Heat strain Heat stress Kalman filter Explosive ordnance disposal

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TCR-pMHC: may the force be of you?

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第7期18卷 1622-1623页

作者： joseph S.Murray Xenolaüs Genetics LLC Los AngelesCA90024USA

Theα/βcomponent of the T-cell antigen receptor(TCR)is a transmembrane heterodimer containing genetically variable(V)domains and constant domains within each polypeptide chain.1 The Vαand Vβdomains bind with a clonally unique(clonotypic)interface angle,2 and the complementary determining regions(CDR1,CDR2,and CDR3)manifest as‘loops’between anti-parallelβ-strands of the overall sandwich ofβ-sheets with a central disulfide *** with immunoglobulins,the CDR1 and CDR2 loops are encoded in the germline via the particular V-region DNA segment involved in the RAG1/RAG2 recombination mechanism responsible for somatic construction,together with the D-and/or j-segment,of the third loop,CDR3.1,3 As shown by multiple solved X-ray crystallography structures,the CDRs contain the closest amino acid(a.a.)contacts with the peptide(p)plus the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein(together abbrev.,pMHC)composite *** rigorous selection in the thymus for only those TCRs that should function properly in the particular individual after birth(MHC restriction),4 T cells function clonally as well,i.e.,different T-cell clones display differential responses to not only different pMHC ligands but also perhaps more importantly,to the same pMHC ligands.5,6 A long-standing question is how(not whether)TCR V-domain binding to pMHC is ultimately responsible for such vast biological outcomes as protection *** to infectious diseases,atopy,the onset of autoimmune diseases,and the success of various types of transplantation.

关键词： properly sandwich rigorous

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CAR T-cell immunotherapy: a powerful weapon for fighting hematological B-cell malignancies

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Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第6期15卷 783-804页

作者： jian-Qing Mi jie Xu jianfeng Zhou Weili Zhao Zhu Chen j.joseph Melenhorst Saijuan Chen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics Shanghai Institute of HaematologyNational Research Centre for Translational MedicineRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Department of Pathology&Laboratory Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA Immunotherapy Research Centre for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province Department of HaematologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

The current standard of care in hematological malignancies has brought considerable clinical benefits to ***,important bottlenecks still limit optimal achievements following a current medical *** genetic complexity of the diseases and the heterogeneity of tumor clones cause difficulty in ensuring long-term efficacy of conventional treatments for most hematological ***,new treatment strategies are necessary to improve clinical *** antigen receptor T-cell(CAR T)immunotherapy opens a new path for targeted therapy of hematological *** this review,through a representative case study,we summarize the current experience of CAR T-cell therapy,the management of common side effects,the causative mechanisms of therapy resistance,and new strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy.

关键词： CAR T cells hematological malignancies review

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Evaluating the regulation of transporter proteins and P-glycoprotein in rats with cholestasis and its implication for digoxin clearance

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2022年第3期13卷 73-84页

作者： Parker Giroux Patrick B Kyle Chalet Tan joseph D Edwards Michael j Nowicki Hua Liu Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of PediatricsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Pathology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery University of MississippiOxfordMS 38677United States

BACKGROUND Cardiac and hepatic functionality are intertwined in a multifaceted *** processes involving one may affect the other through a variety of mechanisms,including hemodynamic and membrane transport *** To better understand the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on regulations of membrane transporters involving digoxin and its implication for digoxin *** Twelve adult rats were included in this study;baseline hepatic and renal laboratory values and digoxin pharmacokinetic(PK)studies were established before evenly dividing them into two groups to undergo bile duct ligation(BDL)or a sham *** 7 d repeat digoxin PK studies were completed and tissue samples were taken to determine the expressions of cell membrane transport proteins by quantitative western blot and real-time polymerase chain *** were analyzed using SigmaStat *** between pre-surgery and post-surgery in the same experimental group were compared by paired t-test,while independent t-test was employed to compare the means between sham and BDL *** Digoxin clearance was decreased and liver function,but not renal function,was impaired in BDL *** resulted in significant up-regulation of multidrug resistance 1 expression in the liver and kidney and its down-regulation in the small *** anion transporting polypeptides(OATP)1A4 was up-regulated in the liver but down-regulated in intestine after ***4C1 expression was markedly increased in the kidney following *** The results suggest that cell membrane transporters of digoxin are regulated during extrahepatic *** regulations are favorable for increasing digoxin excretion in the kidney and decreasing its absorption from the intestine to compensate for reduced digoxin clearance due to cholestasis.

关键词： Cholestasis Digoxin clearance Organic anion transporting polypeptides P-glycoproteins/multidrug resistance 1 Bile duct ligation

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Chemotherapy predictors and a time-dependent chemotherapy effect in metastatic esophageal cancer

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第2期14卷 511-524页

作者： Lauren Midthun Sungjin Kim Andrew Hendifar Arsen Osipov Samuel j Klempner joseph Chao May Cho Michelle Guan Veronica R Placencio-Hickok Alexandra Gangi Miguel Burch De-Chen Lin Kevin Waters Katelyn Atkins Mitchell Kamrava jun Gong Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and OncologyCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Samuel Oschin Cancer Center Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolBrigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697United States Department of Medicine Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Radiation Oncology Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Radiation Oncology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Chemotherapy has long been shown to confer a survival benefit in patients with metastatic esophageal ***,not all patients with metastatic disease receive *** To evaluate a large cancer database of metastatic esophageal cancer cases to identify predictors of receipt to chemotherapy and *** We interrogated the National Cancer Database(NCDB)between 2004-2015 and included patients with M1 disease who had received or did not receive chemotherapy.A logistic regression model was used to examine the associations between chemotherapy and potential confounders and a Cox proportional hazards model was employed to examine the effect of chemotherapy on overall survival(OS).Propensity score analyses were further performed to balance measurable confounders between patients treated with and without *** A total of 29182 patients met criteria for inclusion in this analysis,with 21911(75%)receiving chemotherapy and 7271(25%)not receiving *** median follow-up was 69.45 *** median OS for patients receiving chemotherapy was 9.53 mo(9.33-9.72)vs 2.43 mo(2.27-2.60)with no *** of diagnosis 2010-2014[odds ratio(OR):1.29,95%confidence interval(CI):1.17-1.43,P value$46000(OR:1.49,95%CI:1.27-1.75,P value<0.001),and node-positivity(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.20-1.52,P<0.001)were independent predictors of receiving chemotherapy,while female gender(OR:0.86,95%CI:0.76-0.98,P=0.019),black race(OR:0.76,95%CI:0.67-0.93,P=0.005),uninsured status(OR:0.41,95%CI:0.33-0.52,P<0.001),and high Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI)(OR for CCI≥2:0.61,95%CI:0.50-0.74,P<0.001)predicted for lower odds of receiving *** the effect of chemotherapy on OS using a time-dependent coefficient showed that chemotherapy was associated with improved OS up to 10 mo,after which there is no significant effect on ***,uninsured status[hazard ratio(HR):1.20,95%CI:1.09-1.31,P<0.001],being from the geographic

关键词： Esophageal cancer Metastatic Chemotherapy Predictors Survival

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