检索结果-南通市图书馆

Parametric Study of Calibration Blackbody Uncertainty Using Design of Experiments

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

j.urnal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2012年第3期2卷 109-119页

作者： Nipa Phoj.namongkolkij.j.e A. Walker Richard P. Cageao Martin G. Mlynczak joseph j. o’connell Rosemary R. Baize Aeronautics System Engineering Engineering Directorate NASA Langley Research Center Hampton USA Clarreo Proj.ct office Flight Projects Directorate NASA Langley Research Center Hampton USA. Climate Science Branch Science Directorate NASA Langley Research Center Hampton USA Remote Sensing Flight Systems Engineering Directorate NASA Langley Research Center Hampton USA Science Systems and Applications Inc. Hampton USA

NASA is developing the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity observatory (CLARREo) mission to provide accurate measurements to substantially improve understanding of climate change. CLARREo will include a Reflected Solar (RS) Suite, an Infrared (IR) Suite, and a Global Navigation Satellite System-Radio occultation (GNSS-Ro). The IR Suite consists of a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) covering 5 to 50 micrometers (2000-200 cm-1 wavenumbers) and on-orbit calibration and verification systems. The IR instrument will use a cavity blackbody view and a deep space view for on-orbit calibration. The calibration blackbody and the verification system blackbody will both have Phase Change Cells (PCCs) to accurately provide a SI reference to absolute temperature. one of the most critical parts of obtaining accurate CLARREo IR scene measurements relies on knowing the spectral radiance output from the blackbody calibration source. The blackbody spectral radiance must be known with a low uncertainty, and the magnitude of the uncertainty itself must be reliably quantified. This study focuses on determining which parameters in the spectral radiance equation of the calibration blackbody are critical to the blackbody accuracy. Fourteen parameters are identified and explored. Design of Experiments (DoE) is applied to systematically set up an experiment (i.e., parameter settings and number of runs) to explore the effects of these 14 parameters. The experiment is done by computer simulation to estimate uncertainty of the calibration blackbody spectral radiance. Within the explored ranges, only 4 out of 14 parameters were discovered to be critical to the total uncertainty in blackbody radiance, and should be designed, manufactured, and/or controlled carefully. The uncertainties obtained by computer simulation are also compared to those obtained using the “Law of Propagation of Uncertainty”. The two methods produce statistically different uncertainties. Nevertheless, the difference

关键词： Calibration Uncertainty Design of Experiments

Combining slow-release fertilizer and plastic film mulching reduced the carbon footprint and enhanced maize yield on the Loess Plateau

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 359-369页

作者： Xiaoqing Han Pengfei Dang Lechen Liao Fangqi Song Miaomiao Zhang Maoxue Zhang Guoqing Li Shuyue Wen Ning Yang Xiping Pan Xiaofan Wang WenWang Xiaoliang Qin Charles o.joseph Kadambot H.M.Siddique College of Agronomy Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess PlateauNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Department of Crop Sciences and Beekeeping Technology College of Agricultural Sciences and Food Technology University of Dar es SalaamMwalimu Julius Nyerere Mlimani CampusP.O.Box 35091Dar es SalaamTanzania College of Life Science Yulin UniversityChongwen Road No.4YulinShaanxi719000China The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture&Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth WA 6001Australia

Agricultural practices significantly contribute to greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,necessitating cleaner production technologies to reduce environmental pressure and achieve sustainable maize *** film mulching is commonly used in the Loess Plateau *** slow-release fertilizers as a replacement for urea within this practice can reduce nitrogen losses and enhance crop *** these techniques represents a novel agricultural approach in semi-arid ***,the impact of this integration on soil carbon storage(SoCS),carbon footprint(CF),and economic benefits has received limited research ***,we conducted an eight-year study(2015-2022)in the semi-arid northwestern region to quantify the effects of four treatments[urea supplied without plastic film mulching(CK-U),slow-release fertilizer supplied without plastic film mulching(CK-S),urea supplied with plastic film mulching(PM-U),and slow-release fertilizer supplied with plastic film mulching(PM-S)]on soil fertility,economic and environmental *** results revealed that nitrogen fertilizer was the primary contributor to total GHG emissions(≥71.97%).Compared to other treatments,PM-S increased average grain yield by 12.01%-37.89%,water use efficiency by 9.19%-23.33%,nitrogen accumulation by 27.07%-66.19%,and net return by 6.21%-29.57%.Furthermore,PM-S decreased CF by 12.87%-44.31%and CF per net return by 14.25%-41.16%.After eight years,PM-S increased SoCS(0-40 cm)by 2.46%,while PM-U decreased it by 7.09%.These findings highlight the positive effects of PM-S on surface soil fertility,economic gains,and environmental benefits in spring maize production on the Loess Plateau,underscoring its potential for widespread adoption and application.

关键词： Plastic film mulching Slow-release fertilizer Maize grain yield Carbon footprint Economic benefits

Galaxy formation in the reionization epoch as hinted by WideField Camera 3 observations of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第9期10卷 867-904页

作者： Hao-j.ng Yan Rogier A. Windhorst Nimish E Hathi Seth H. Cohen Russell E.Ryan Robert W. o＇connell Patrick j. McCarthy Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics The Ohio State University 191 West Woodruff Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA Department of Physics ＆ Astronomy University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Department of Physics University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA Astronomy Department University of Virginia P.O. Box 3818 Charlottesville VA 22903 USA observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington 813 Santa Barbara Street Pasadena CA 91101 USA

We present a large sample of candidate galaxies at z ≈ 7 - 10, selected in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field using the new observations of the Wide Field Camera 3 that was recently installed on the Hubble Space Telescope. our sample is composed of 20 z850-dropouts （four new discoveries）, 15 Y105-dropouts （nine new discoveries） and 20 j.25-dropouts （all new discoveries）. The surface densities of the Z850-dropouts are close to what was predicted by earlier studies, however, those of the Y105- and j.25-dropouts are quite unexpected. While no Y105- or j.25-dropouts have been found at AB ≤ 28.0 mag, their surface densities seem to increase sharply at fainter levels. While some of these candidates seem to be close to foreground galaxies and thus could possibly be gravitationally lensed, the overall surface densities after excluding such cases are still much higher than what would be expected if the luminosity function does not evolve from z ～ 7 to 10. Motivated by such steep increases, we tentatively propose a set of Schechter function parameters to describe the luminosity functions at z ≈8 and 10. As compared to their counterpart at z ≈ 7, here L^＊ decreases by a factor of ～ 6.5 and Ф^＊ increases by a factor of 17-90. Although such parameters are not yet demanded by the existing observations, they are allowed and seem to agree with the data better than other alternatives. If these luminosity functions are still valid beyond our current detection limit, this would imply a sudden emergence of a large number of low-luminosity galaxies when looking back in time to z ≈ 10, which, while seemingly exotic, would naturally fit in the picture of the cosmic hydrogen reionization. These early galaxies could easily account for the ionizing photon budget required by the reionization, and they would imply that the global star formation rate density might start from a very high value at z ≈ 10, rapidly reach the minimum at z≈ 7, and start to rise again towards z ≈ 6. In this scenario, the maj

关键词： cosmology observations -- cosmology early universe -- galaxies evolution -- galaxies luminosity function, mass function -- infrared galaxies

Patient care during interfacility transport:a narrative review of managing diverse disease states

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World j.urnal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第1期14卷 3-9页

作者： Quincy K.Tran Francis o’connell Andrew Hakopian Marwa SH Abrahim Kamilla Beisenova Ali Pourmand Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Program in Trauma the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Department of Emergency Medicine George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashington DC 20037USA

BACKGRoUND:When critically ill patients require specialized treatment that exceeds the capability of the index hospitals,patients are frequently transferred to a tertiary or quaternary hospital for a higher level of ***,appropriate and efficient care for patients during the process of transport between two hospitals(interfacility transfer)is an essential part of patient *** medical adverse events may occur during the interfacility transfer process,there have not been evidence-based guidelines regarding the equipment or the practice for patient care during ***:We conducted searches from the PubMed,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health(CINAHL),and Scopus databases up to j.ne *** reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts for *** that were not in the English language and did not involve critically ill patients were ***:The search identified 75 articles,and we included 48 studies for our narrative *** studies were observational ***:The review provided the current evidence-based management of diverse disease states during the interfacility transfer process,such as proning positioning for respiratory failure,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMo),obstetric emergencies,and hypertensive emergencies(aortic dissection and spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage).

关键词： Critically ill patients Interfacility transfer Interhospital transfer Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation obstetric emergencies Hypertensive emergencies

Sources, distribution, and risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides in Nairobi City, Kenya

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期32卷 178-185页

作者： Fred Ayodi Lisouza P.okinda owuor joseph o.Lalah Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Masinde Muliro UniversityP.O.Box 190Kakamega 50100Kenya Department of Chemistry Maseno UniversityP.O.Box 333Maseno 40105Kenya Department of Geochemistry&Enuironmental Chemistry Technical Uniuersity of KenyaP.O.Box 52428-00200NairobiKerya

The distribution and sources of organochlorine pesticides (oCPs) in air and surface waters were monitored in Nairobi City using triolein-filled semipermeable membrane devices (SP-MDs).The SPMDs were extracted by dialysis using n-hexane,followed by cleanup by adsorption chromatography on silica gel *** analysis was done by GC-ECD and confirmed by GC–*** of means was achieved by analysis of variance,followed by pair-wise comparison using the t-test (p≤0.05).The total oCPs ranged between 0.018–1.277 ng/m^3 in the air andKibera>Industrial Area>City Square>Ngong’***,these were lower than the USEPA acceptable risks,10^(-6)–10^(-4).This study concluded that atmospheric oCPs did not pose significant cancer risks to the residents.

关键词： organochlorine pesticides(oCPs) Passive sampling Water-air fugacity ratio Sources and distribution Risk assessment

Interactive influence of rainfall manipulation and livestock grazing on species diversity of the herbaceous layer community in a humid savannah in Kenya

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Plant Diversity 2019年第3期41卷 198-205页

作者： joseph o.ondier Daniel o.okach j.hn C.onyango Dennis o.otieno Department of Botany Maseno University Private Bag Maseno Kenya Department of Biological Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology P.O Box 210-40601 Bondo Kenya Department of Plant Ecology University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany

Changes in rainfall regime and grazing pressure affect vegetation composition and diversity with ecological implications for savannahs. The savannah in East Africa has experienced increased livestock grazing and rainfall variability but the impacts associated with those changes on the herbaceous layer have rarely been documented. We investigated the effect of livestock grazing, rainfall manipulation and their interaction on the composition and diversity of the herbaceous community in the savannah for two years in Lambwe, Kenya. Rainfall manipulation plots were set up for vegetation sampling;these plots received either 50% more or 50% less rainfall than control plots. Simpson’s diversity and Bergere Parker indices were used to determine diversity changes and dominance respectively. The frequency of species was used to compute their abundance and their life forms as determined from the literature. Grazing significantly increased species diversity through suppression of dominant species. Rainfall manipulation had no significant impact on plant diversity in fenced plots, but rainfall reduction significantly reduced diversity in grazed plots. In contrast, rainfall manipulation had no impact on dominance in either fenced or grazed plots. The interaction of grazing and rainfall manipulation is complex and will require additional survey campaigns to create a complete picture of the implications for savannah structure and composition.

关键词： Plant diversity Grazing Rainfall Moist savannah

Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Ribokinase of Leishmania maj.r

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第6期39卷 462-466页

作者： Patrick. o. j. oGBUNUDE Nadia LAMoUR Michael P. BARRETT Department of Medical Biochemistry University of Nigeria Enugu 1000004 Nigeria Department of Biochemistry and Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond 23298-0614 USA Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences Division of Infection and Immunity Joseph Black Building University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK

Ribokinase （EC 2.***.7.15） from Leishmania maj.r was cloned, sequenced and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The gene expressed an active enzyme that had comparable activity to the same enzyme studied in E. coli. It specifically phosphorylated D-ribose. Under defined conditions, the Km for the substrates D-ribose and ATP were 0.3±0.04 mM and 0.2±0.02mM, respectively. The turnover numbers of the enzyme for the substrates were 10.8s-1and 10.2 s-1, respectively. The enzyme product ribose 5-phosphate inhibited the phosphorylation of D-ribose with an apparent Kiof 0.4 mM, which is close to the Km（0.3mM） of Dribose, suggesting that it might play a role in regulating flux through the enzyme.

关键词： Leishmania maj.r D-ribose ribokinase molecular cloning

Functional attributes of two subtropical shrubs and implications for the distribution and management of endangered bird habitat

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

j.urnal of Plant Ecology 2015年第6期8卷 578-592页

作者： Genie M.Fleming joseph M.Wunderle j. David N.Ewert joseph j.o’Brien Eileen H.Helmer Puerto Rican Conservation Foundation PO Box 362495San JuanPR 00936USA International Institute of Tropical Forestry USDA Forest ServiceSabana Field Research StationHC 02 Box 6205LuquilloPR 00773-1377USA The Nature Conservancy 101 East Grand RiverLansingMI 48906USA Center for Forest Disturbance Science USDA Forest Service320 Green StAthensGA 30602USA

Aims The fruits of Erithalis fruticosa *** Lantana involucrata *** important in the diet of u federally endangered Kirtland’s Warblers(Setophaga kirtlandii)wintering in the bahamas *** two shrubs occur in tropical and subtropical dry forests,including forests that have been subj.cted to recent *** their importance to the endangered warbler,the disturbance ecology of these shrubs is poorly *** sought to determine,based on functional characteristics of the plants,whether their presence is favored by a particular type or regime of *** We used data from field experiments(seed broadcasting and shrub cutting)conducted on the island of Eleuthera,The bahamas to determine mechanisms of and conditions favoring establishment and persistence(‘vital attributes’)of *** and ***,which enabled categorization according to the plant functional types defined by Noble and slatyer(1980).We then compared hypothesized distributions of these plant functional types among different anthropogenic disturbance regimes to observed distribu-tions of *** and *** in order to identify distur-bance regimes most likely to produce habitat used by Kirtland’s *** Findings *** and *** were functionally categorized as widely dispersed but largely shade intolerant species capable of establishing or regenerating individuals after disturbance via both seeds and vegetative *** hypothesized and observed distribution patterns indicated the shrubs were favored by a regime of frequent disturbance producing open canopy and ground *** the anthropogenic disturbances we examined,areas of large-scale land clearing combined with subsequent goat graz-ing most often supported *** and ***,while the shrubs were relatively rare in burned *** the plant functional type framework in combination with field data to evaluate predictions of species occur

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance black torch plant functional type vital attributes wild sage

Widening socioeconomic disparity in lung cancer incidence among men in New South Wales, Australia, 1987–2011

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese j.urnal of Cancer Research 2017年第5期29卷 395-401页

作者： Xue Qin Yu Qingwei Luo Clare Kahn Camilla Cahill Marianne Weber Paul Grogan Ahmedin j.mal Dianne L o'connell Cancer Research Division Cancer Council NSW Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney Sanofi Australia Cancer Council Australia Surveillance and Health Services Research American Cancer Society School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle

obj.ctive：We assessed the trends in lung cancer incidence over a 25-year period by socioeconomic groups for men in New South Wales（NSW）,***：Men diagnosed with lung cancer between 1987 and 2011 were divided into five quintiles according to an Index of Education and occupation（IEo）.We assessed relative socioeconomic differences over time by calculating age-standardized incidence ratios（SIRs）by 5-year period of diagnosis,and estimated absolute differences by comparing the observed and expected numbers of cases using the highest IEo quintile as the ***：Lung cancer incidence for men decreased from 1987 to 2011 for all IEo quintiles,with a greater rate of decline for men living in the highest IEo ***,the relative disparity increased significantly over the 25-year period（P=0.0006）.For example,the SIR for the lowest IEo quintile increased from 1.28 during 1987–1991 to 1.74during 2007–*** differences also increased with the proportion of＂potentially preventable＂cases doubling from 14.5% in 1987–1991 to 30.2% in 2007–***：Despite the overall decline in lung cancer incidence among men in NSW over the past 25 years,there was a significant increase in disparity across socioeconomic areas in both relative and absolute terms.

关键词： Australia lung cancer socioeconomic inequality temporal trends tobacco control tobacco smoking