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EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OF δ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-PRESSURE GAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Abhishek DAS K.T.joseph Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the Burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded Borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

Calculation of First Sound Speed in Liquid Helium

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第4期16卷 276-278页

作者： PAO Lu joseph P.Foy Department of Physics and Astronomy Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA

The speed of first sound in liquid helium II is calculated quantum *** calculation is made by using a modified version of Brueckner and Sawada’s method[***.106(1959)1128]and is based on the postulate that the hard co... 详细信息

关键词： quantum Sound sound

Chemical exposures and suspected impacton Gulf War Veterans

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Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 577-586页

作者： Rami Elhaj joseph M.Reynolds Center for Cancer Biology Immunology and InfectionChicago Medical SchoolRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA

Gulf War Illness(GWI) encompass a spectrum of maladies specific to troops deployed during the Persian Gulf War(1990–1991). There are several hypothesized factors believed to contribute to GWI, including(but not limited to)exposures to chemical agents and a foreign environment(e.g., dust, pollens, insects, and microbes). Moreover, the inherent stress associated with deployment and combat has been associated with GWI. While the etiology of GWI remains uncertain, several studies have provided strong evidence that chemical exposures, especially neurotoxicants,may be underlying factors for the development of GWI. This mini style perspective article will focus on some of the major evidence linking chemical exposures to GWI development and persistence decades after exposure.

关键词： Gulf War Illness(GWI) Sarin Neuroinfammation Organophosphate(OP)

Institutional Capacity and the Roles of Key Actors in Fire Disaster Risk Reduction: The Case of Ibadan, Nigeria

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 716-728页

作者： Olusegun joseph Falola Samuel Babatunde Agbola Department of Urban and Regional Planning Lead City UniversityIbadan 200255Oyo StateNigeria Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of IbadanIbadan 200284Oyo StateNigeria

Inefficient and ineffective fire management practices are common to most urban areas of developing *** cities are typical examples of high vulnerability and low preparedness level for fire *** study examined the institutional framework for fire disaster risk reduction(FDRR) and explored the roles of key actors in fire disaster preparedness in Ibadan,a large traditional city in *** study was anchored on the concept of urban governance.A case study research design was adopted using primary and secondary *** data were obtained through field observation aided by a structured checklist and key informant *** were conducted on key officials of the major organs for FDRR-Oyo State Fire Service(OSFS) and Oyo State Emergency Management Agency(OYSEMA).The study identified a disjointed and fragmented approach to fire *** relating to fire risk reduction and disaster recovery were domiciled under the OYSEMA,while emergency response to fire disasters was the prerogative of the *** results show that only five out of 11 local government areas had public fire stations;only three fire stations had an on-site water supply;three fire stations lacked firefighting vehicles;and distribution of fire stations and facilities was *** fire stations responded to 80% of all fire cases in 12 *** study concluded that the institutional structure and resources for fire risk reduction was more empowered to respond to fire disaster,rather than facilitating preparedness capacity to reduce disaster risk.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Disaster risk Fire disaster Fire service Fire station

Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: Available clinical evidence,challenges and novel approaches

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3920-3928页

作者： joseph Tintelnot Alexander Stein Department of Internal Medicine II (Oncology Center) University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany

In contrast to other tumor types, immunotherapy has not yet become a relevant part of the treatment landscape of unselected colorectal cancer. Beside the small subgroup of deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instable tumors (about 5%) as a surrogate for high mutational burden and subsequently high neoantigen load and immunogenicity, inhibitors of programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and/or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 were not or only modestly effective in metastatic colorectal cancer. Thus, a variety of combination approaches with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, toll-like receptor agonists, local ablation or oncolytic viruses is currently being evaluated in different disease settings. Despite several encouraging single arm data already presented or published, available randomized data are unimpressive. Adding PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to fluoropyrimidines and bevacizumab maintenance showed no beneficial impact on delaying progression. In refractory disease, the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 and MEK inhibitor was not different from regorafenib, whereas a PD-1/PD-L1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyteassociated antigen-4 inhibitor combination demonstrated better overall survival compared to supportive care alone. Clinical trials in all disease settings applying different combination approaches are ongoing and may define the role of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.

关键词： Immunotherapy Combination Colorectal cancer Metastatic Adjuvant

Small dissymmetry, yet large effects on the transport propertiesof electrolytes based on imide salts: Consequences on performancein Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 352-366页

作者： joseph Chidiac Laure Timperman Mérièm Anouti Laboratoire PCM2E Universitéde ToursParc de Grandmont37200 ToursFrance

To gain better insight into the influence of the anion size and symmetry on the transport properties and thermal stability of an electrolyte based on lithium(fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-imide(FTFSI)salt,we performed the physical and electrochemical characterization of an electrolyte based on FTFSI incorporated in standard binary(3 EC/7 EMC)and ternary(EC/PC/3 DMC)alkylcarbonate *** applying the Jones-Dole-Kaminsky(JDK),Eyring and Arrhenius empirical models to the electrolyte viscosity we show that the activation enthalpy and entropy energy barriers(ΔH≠,ΔS≠)for viscous flow are between 12 and 15 kJ·mol^(-1).They are strongly dependent on the solvent nature and are significantly lower than their symmetric anions LiFSI and LiTFSI(19-20 kJ·mol^(-1))in the binary ***,the hydrodynamic radius,rs,calculated by JDK,and the ionicity behavior illustrated by the Walden role,showed that the FTFSI anion is outside the solvation sphere(rs>0.6 nm)which is smaller in the case of an EC/EMC solvent *** the 3 EC/7 EMC solvent mixture,LiFTFSI is less conductive than in the ternary mixture i.e.,σ_(max)=8.9 mS cm^(-1) at C_(max)=1.1 mol L^(-1) for 3 EC/7 EMC and,σ_(max)=10.5 mS cm^(-1) at max=0.7 mol L^(-1) for EC/PC/3 DMC,due to a strong solvation and a greater association of FTFSI ions in the binary solvent *** thermal stability of FTFSI based electrolytes was determined by the shift of the evaporation temperature of the volatile solvents(DMC,EMC)in the presence of salt,towards the higher *** feature is visible on the thermograms obtained by DSC both with the liquid electrolyte and with charged LMO cathodes in presence of *** consequences of these properties on the electrochemical behavior of a graphite(Gr)half-cell,a lithium metal(Li)anode and a manganese lithium oxide(LMO)cathode demonstrated on the one hand the formation of a thick solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on graphite that consumed a significant amou

关键词： LiFTFSI Electrolyte Viscosity Interface Li-ion battery

Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the Otindag dune field and Holocene climate change

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第6期51卷 837-847页

作者： joseph MASON James SWINEHART Ronald GOBLE Department of Geography University of Wisconsin Madison School of Natural Resources IANR University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of Geosciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln

The dune system in Otindag sand field of northern China is sensitive to climate change, where effective moisture and related vegetation cover play a controlling role for dune activity and stability. Therefore, aeolian deposits may be an archive of past environmental changes, possibly at the millennial scale, but previous studies on this topic have rarely been reported. In this study, thirty-five optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of ten representative sand-paleosol profiles in Otindag sand field are ob-tained, and these ages provide a relatively complete and well-dated chronology for wet and dry varia-tions in Holocene. The results indicate that widespread dune mobilization occurred from 9.9 to 8.2 ka, suggesting a dry early Holocene climate. The dunes were mainly stabilized between 8.0 and 2.7 ka, implying a relatively wet climate, although there were short-term penetrations of dune activity during this wet period. After ~2.3 ka, the region became dry again, as inferred from widespread dune activity. The '8.2 ka' cold event and the Little Ice Age climatic deterioration are detected on the basis of the dune records and OSL ages. During the Medieval Warm Period and the Sui-Tang Warm Period (570-770 AD), climate in Otindag sand field was relatively humid and the vegetation was denser, and the sand dunes were stabilized again. These aeolian records may indicate climate changes at millennial time scale during Holocene, and these climatic changes may be the teleconnection to the climate changes elsewhere in the world.

关键词： Otindag sand field OSL dating Holocene drought dune

Comparative Efficacies of Next-Generation Insecticides Against Yellow Stem Borer and Their Effects on Natural Enemies in Rice Ecosystem

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Rice science 2019年第3期26卷 157-166页

作者： Muhammad Matiar RAHAMAN Michael joseph STOUT Department of Agriculture Pakutia College Department of Entomology Louisiana State University

The efficacies of some next-generation insecticides against the rice yellow stem borer(YSB),Scirpophaga incertulas(Walk.), and their compatibilities with natural enemies were investigated during 2014 and 2015. Three newer insecticides, chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G, dinotefuran 20% SG, and methoxyfenozide 24% SC, and two commonly used insecticides, carbufuran 5 G and quinalphos 25 EC,were evaluated in the field for their efficacies against YSB and their non-target effects on natural *** of chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G at 10.96 kg/hm^2 resulted in the greatest reduction in YSB infestation(deadhearts and whiteheads) and greatest increase of yield compared to the untreated control plots, followed by methoxyfenozide 24% SC at 0.41 L/hm^2, dinotefuran 20% SG at 0.15 kg/hm^2,carbufuran 5 G at 10.96 kg/hm^2, and quinalphos 25 EC at 1.50 L/hm^2. All the insecticides reduced the numbers of predators viz., lady bird beetles, wolf spiders, carabid beetles, earwigs, green mirid bugs, and damselflies. Numbers of adults of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma sp., Telenomus sp. and Tetrastichus sp. were significantly reduced in insecticide-treated plots compared to untreated control plots. In all field trials, the harmful effects of the five insecticides were in the following rank order(least harmful to most harmful): chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G, carbufuran 5 G, dinotefuran 20% SG, methoxyfenozide 24% SC,and quinalphos 25 EC. On the basis of reduction in YSB infestation, increase in grain yield, and compatibility with natural enemies, chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G was proved to be the best of all the insecticides for YSB management system, although the study suggested minimizing its retail price for enhancement of cost effectiveness in farmers' fields.

关键词： insecticide yellow stem borer natural enemy chlorantraniliprole rice yield

The role of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 757-763页

作者： Rui Zhang joseph M.Rosen Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Peripheral nerve injuries impose significant health and economic consequences, yet no surgical repair can deliver a complete recovery of sensory or motor function. Traditional methods of repair are less than ideal： direct coaptation can only be performed when tension-free repair is possible, and transplantation of nerve autograft can cause donor-site morbidity and neuroma formation. Cell-based therapy delivered via nerve conduits has thus been explored as an alternative method of nerve repair in recent years. Stem cells are promising sources of the regenerative core material in a nerve conduit because stem cells are multipotent in function, abundant in supply, and more accessible than the myelinating Schwann cells. Among different types of stem cells, undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cell（uASC）, which can be processed from adipose tissue in less than two hours, is a promising yet underexplored cell type. Studies of uASC have emerged in the past decade and have shown that autologous uASCs are non-immunogenic, easy to access, abundant in supply, and efficacious at promoting nerve regeneration. Two theories have been proposed as the primary regenerative mechanisms of uASC： in situ trans-differentiation towards Schwann cells, and secretion of trophic and anti-inflammatory factors. Future studies need to fully elucidate the mechanisms, side effects, and efficacy of uASC-based nerve regeneration so that uASCs can be utilized in clinical settings.

关键词： peripheral nerve injury adipose-derived stem cells Schwann cells cell therapy nerve conduits axonal regeneration stem cell differentiation neurotrophic factors anti-apoptosis immunosuppression