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Active versus passive reading:how to read scientific papers?

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National Science Review 2020年第9期7卷 1422-1427页

作者： Tung-tien Sun Departments of Cell Biology Dermatology & Urology New York University School of Medicine

‘Any man who reads too much and uses his own brain too little falls into lazy habits of thinking.’ Albert Einstein (1879–1955)‘Learning without thought is labor lost;thought without learning is perilous.’ Confucius (551–479 B.C.) The Confucian Analects,bk. 2:15 ‘To repeat what others have said, requires education; to challenge it, requires brains.’Mary Pettibone Poole, A Glass Eye at a Keyhole (1938)

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Mercury contamination and accumulation in sediments of the East China Sea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1164-1170页

作者： tien-hsi Fang Department of Marine Environmental Informatics "National" Taiwan Ocean University

Mercury （hg） concentrations in sediment samples collected from the inner and middle shelves of the East China Sea （ECS） were analyzed to evaluate hg contamination levels and to calculate hg sedimentation rates and total accumulation in the ECS. The range of hg concentrations in surface sediments of the inner shelf was 26.5–47.6 ng/g, and that for the middle shelf was 4.1–13.9 ng/g. hg concentrations correlated well with organic carbon contents but varied inversely with sediment grain size. Enrichment factors indicated that the whole inner shelf and a small portion of the middle shelf were slightly contaminated by hg. hg accumulation rates in the ECS ranged between 0.42–48.7 ng/（cm2·yr）, with higher values observed in the inner shelf. Total hg accumulation in the calculated area （accounting for 80% of the ECS continental shelf area） ranged from 25 to 30 tons/yr; approximately 51% and 17% of the accumulated hg mass was deposited in the Yangtze estuarine zone and the inner shelf, respectively.

关键词： hg contamination enrichment factor accumulation the East China Sea

Toward the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Real-Time Customization

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第2期29卷 127-142页

作者： James M.tien College of Engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFlorida 33146USA

The outputs of a national economy can be partitioned into three sets of products:tangible goods(due to manufacturing,construction,extraction and agriculture),intangible services(due to an act of useful effort),and an integration of services and goods or,as initially defined by tien(2012),***,these products can also be considered in terms of their relation to the first three Industrial Revolutions:the First Industrial Revolution(circa 1800)was primarily focused on the production of goods;the Second Industrial Revolution(circa 1900)was primarily focused on the mass production of goods;and the Third Industrial Revolution(circa 2000)has been primarily focused on the mass customization of goods,services or *** this follow-up paper,the Third Industrial Revolution of mass customization continues to accelerate in its evolution and,in many respects,is subsuming the earlier Industrial Revolutions of production and mass *** importantly,with the advent of real-time decision making,artificial intelligence,Internet of Things,mobile networks,and other advanced digital technologies,customization has been extensively enabled,thereby advancing mass customization into a Fourth Industrial Revolution of real-time ***,the moral,ethical,security and employment problems associated with both mass and real-time customization must be carefully assessed and mitigated,especially in regard to unintended *** ahead and with the advance of artificial general intelligence,this Fourth Industrial Revolution could be forthcoming in about the middle of the 21st Century;it would allow for multiple activities to be simultaneously tackled in real-time and in a customized manner.

关键词： Industrial revolutions big data goods services servgoods connected production mass customization real-time decision making Internet of Things artificial intelligence general

ThE NEXT INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION:INTEGRATED SERVICES AND GOODS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2012年第3期21卷 257-296页

作者： James M.tien College of Engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFlorida 33146USA

The outputs or products of an economy can be divided into services products ana gooas products （due to manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining）. To date, the services and goods products have, for the most part, been separately mass produced. however, in contrast to the first and second industrial revolutions which respectively focused on the development and the mass production of goods, the next - or third - industrial revolution is focused on the integration of services and/or goods; it is beginning in this second decade of the 21st Century. The Third Industrial Revolution （TIR） is based on the confluence of three major technological enablers （i.e., big data analytics, adaptive services and digital manufacturing）; they underpin the integration or mass customization of services and/or goods. As detailed in an earlier paper, we regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management foci. The benefits of real-time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced - as ＂servgoods＂ - in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming economic advantage to the industrialized countries where the consuming customers are at the same time the co-producing producers.

关键词： Big data decision analytics goods adaptive services digital manufacturing value chain supply chain demand chain mass production mass customization industrial revolution

On the Multiplicity and the Cohen-Macaulayness of Fiber Cones of Graded Modules

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第1期28卷 13-32页

作者： Nguyen tien Manh Department of Mathematics Hung Vuong University Nguyen Tat Thanh StreetViet Tri CityPhu ThoVietnam

Let(A,m)be a Noetherian local ring with maximal ideal m,I an ideal of A,J an m-primary ideal of A,N a finitely generated A-module,S=■n≥0 Sn a finitely generated standard graded algebra over A and M=■n≥0 Mn a finitely generated graded *** characterize the multiplicity and the Cohen-Macaulayness of the fiber cone F(M)=■n≥0 Mn/JM_(n).As an application,we obtain some results on the multiplicity and the Cohen--Macaulayness of the fiber cone■n≥0 I^(n)N/JI^(n)N.

关键词： (FC)-sequence filter-regular sequence multiplicity Cohen-Macaulay fiber cone

Antibodies against analogous heptad repeat peptide hR212 of Newcastle Disease Virus inhibit virus-cell membrane fusion

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第2期17卷 150-155页

作者： tien Po Beijing 100080 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Molecular Virology Research Center Institute of Microbiology

Membrane fusion is a key step in enveloped virus entry. highly conserved heptad repeat regions (hR1 and hR2) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion protein (F) are critical functional domains for viral membrane fusion. They display different conformations in the membrane fusion states and are viewed as candidate targets for neutralizing antibody responses. We previously reported that an analog of heptad repeat peptides hR2-hR1-hR2(hR212) and hR2 could inhibit NDV induced cell-cell membrane fusion. here, we show that hR212 can induce the production of highly potent antibody in immunized rabbits, which could recognize full length peptides of both hR1 and hR2, and inhibit NDV hemagglutination and NDV entry. These suggest that either hR212 or its antibody could be an inhibitor of virus-induced cell-cell membrane fusion.

关键词： NDV heptad repeat domains immune response inhibition of viral entry.

Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： h.hOSSEINI O.BALILAShAKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

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Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. huntington's disease(hD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： huntington inflammation Medicine

ITÔDIFFERENTIAL REPRESENTATION OF SINGULAR STOChASTIC VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2020年第6期40卷 1989-2000页

作者： Nguyen tien DUNG Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering Institute for Computational ScienceTon Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

In this paper we obtain an Itôdifferential representation for a class of singular stochastic Volterra integral *** an application,we investigate the rate of convergence in the small time central limit theorem for the ... 详细信息

关键词： stochastic integral equation Itôformula central limit theorem