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Recovery rates of.persistent post-COVID-19 olf.ctory dysf.nction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of.Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak f.ancesco f.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher joseph B.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of.Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of.Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olf.ctory dysf.nction(OD)f.llowing loss of.smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 inf.ction is a major f.ature of.long *** on the prevalence of.persistent OD predominantly rely on self.reported olf.ctory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of.recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting f.r evaluation of.persistent OD beyond a window of.acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who f.il to acutely regain their sense of.*** study aims to quantif. the degree of.persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting f.r OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olf.ctory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olf.ctory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Snif.in'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had conf.rmed a history of.COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if.lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olf.ctory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of.whom completed the 1-year f.llow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had conf.rmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self.rated versus psychophysically tested olf.ctory f.nction at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identif.cation(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a signif.cant number of.patients who f.il to acutely recovery their sense of.smell af.er COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering def.cits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identif.cation,most signif.cantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olf.ction post-COVID condition smell dysf.nction

The Ca^(2+)-sensing receptor and the pocketome:comparing nature's complexity with human intervention in receptor modulation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3153-3154页

作者： Edda S.f.Matthees Carsten Hof.mann Institut f.r Molekulare Zellbiologie CMB-Center for Molecular BiomedicineUniversitatsklinikum JenaHans-Knoll StraBe 2D-07745 JenaGermany f.iedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Hans-KnollStraBe2D-07745 JenaGermany

In a recent paper published in Nature,the relatively understudied Ca^(2+)-sensing,receptor(CasR)within the Gprotein-coupled receptor(GPCR)f.mily C,gained attention due to pioneering research led by Georgios Skiniotis ... 详细信息

关键词： Stanf.rd gained Skin

Assessment the ef.ect of.Dapoxetine and/or Acetaminophen in rats;neurochemicals and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluation

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Brain Science Advances 2024年第1期10卷 57-71页

作者： Gehan S.Georgy Ibrahim M.Ibrahim Laila Mohamed E.Amer Ebtehal Mohammad f. Pharmacology Department Egyptian Drug Authority(EDA)Giza P.O.29Egypt Molecular Drug Evaluation Department Egyptian Drug Authority(EDA)Giza P.O.29Egypt Histology Department Faculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityDamietta P.O.11651Egypt

Dapoxetine is a newer anti-depressant that is used f.r severe f.rms of.depression via selective serotonin reuptake inhibition *** aimed to evaluate the ef.ect of.dif.erent doses of.dapoxetine lonely or with acetaminophen(AMP).Seven groups of.albino rats were used where dapoxetine was administered orally at the doses of.3,5,and 8 mg/kg body weight f.r a period of.14 days in groups 2,4,and 6,***(67.5 mg/kg body weight)was co-administered with dapoxetine(3,5,and 8 mg/kg body weight)f.r 14 days in groups 3,5 and 7,*** in mid and high dose plus AMP increased body weight and hematological *** and rearing were declined with mid and high doses of.dapoxetine+AMP,contrary to *** was decreased with high doses of.dapoxetine+*** dose of.dapoxetine+AMP induced lowering of.serotonin and dopamine as well as increasing of.*** derived neurotrophic f.ctor was decreased in all *** stress biomarkers were augmented with high dose of.dapoxetine+*** doses of.dapoxetine and/or AMP induced loss of.the Purkinje cell layer at *** high dose of.dapoxetine+AMP denotes behavioral,histopathological and neurochemical alterations,even though no serotonin syndrome occurs.

关键词： acetaminophen dapoxetine neurotransmitters oxidative stress biomarkers

Evaluation of.sodium borocaptate(BSH)and boronophenylalanine(BPA)as boron delivery agents f.r neutron capture therapy(NCT)of.cancer:an update and a guide f.r the f.ture clinical evaluation of.new boron delivery agents f.r NCT

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Cancer Communications 2024年第8期44卷 893-909页

作者： Rolf.f.Barth Nilendu Gupta Shinji Kawabata Department of.Pathology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of.Radiation Oncology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of.Neurosurgery Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiOsakaJapan

Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is a cancer treatment modality based on the nuclear capture and f.ssion reactions that occur when boron-10,a stable isotope,is irradiated with neutrons of.the appropriate energy to produce boron-11 in an unstable f.rm,which undergoes instantaneous nuclear f.ssion to produce high-energy,tumoricidal alpha *** primary purpose of.this review is to provide an update on the f.rst drug used clinically,sodium borocaptate(BSH),by the Japanese neurosurgeon Hiroshi Hatanaka to treat patients with brain tumors and the second drug,boronophenylalanine(BPA),which f.rst was used clinically by the Japanese dermatologist Yutaka Mishima to treat patients with cutaneous ***,BPA has become the primary drug used as a boron delivery agent to treat patients with several types of.cancers,specif.cally brain tumors and recurrent tumors of.the head and neck *** f.cus of.this review will be on the initial studies that were carried out to def.ne the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of.BSH and BPA and their biodistribution in tumor and normal tissues f.llowing administration to patients with high-grade gliomas and their subsequent clinical use to treat patients with highgrade ***,wewill summarize the studies thatwere carried out in Japan with BSH and subsequently at our own institution,The Ohio State University,and those of.several other ***,we will describe studies carried out in Japan with BPA and then in the United States that have led to its use as the primary drug that is being used clinically f.r ***,although there have been intense ef.orts to develop new and better boron delivery agents f.r BNCT,none of.these have yet been evaluated *** present reportwill provide a guide to the f.ture clinical evaluation of.new boron delivery agents prior to their clinical use f.r BNCT.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT) boronophenylalanine(BPA) brain tumors head and neck cancer sodium borocaptate(BSH)

Perf.rmance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of.Oxygenated Diesel in DI Engines: A Critical Review

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Journal of.Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 16-49页

作者： joseph Lungu Lennox Siwale Rudolph Joe Kashinga School of.Engineering The Copperbelt University Riverside Campus Kitwe Zambia

The transition f.om non-renewable to renewable energy sources is a signif.cant challenge of.our time. In the f.el industry, oxygenated additives such as butanol are transf.rming conventional f.els into renewable biof.els. This technology has been utilized in reciprocating engines f.r decades. This paper reviews the viability of.using an n-butanol blend as a short-term replacement f.r diesel by analyzing its physical and chemical properties, combustion, perf.rmance, and emission characteristics in compression ignition (CI) engines under various conditions, including variable load, speed, acceleration, and both stationary and transient cycles. N-Butanol exhibits higher viscosity, better lubricity, higher heating value, improved blend stability, enhanced cold-f.ow properties, and higher density. These f.ctors inf.uence spray f.rmation, injection timing, atomization, and combustion characteristics. Its higher oxygen content improves the dif.usion combustion stage and ef.iciency. Adding 5% and 10% n-butanol to diesel increases pressure and apparent heat release rate, slightly reduces temperature, and improves thermal ef.iciency, with mixed ef.ects on CO and THC emissions and a notable decrease in particulate matter emissions. f.el consumption increases, while the impact on NOx emissions varies. A 10% butanol blend is considered optimal f.r enhancing perf.rmance and reducing particulate emissions without signif.cantly af.ecting NOx emissions. Blending up to 40% butanol with diesel does not require engine modif.cations or ECU recalibrations in engines calibrated f.r pure diesel. Due to its advantageous properties and perf.rmance, n-butanol is recommended as a superior alcohol-diesel blend than ethanol f.r short-term diesel replacement.

关键词： Diesel Engine Alcohol Additives N-Butanol Combustion and Properties

The Use of.Insulin Negatively Impacts the Mortality of.Severe COVID-19 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—A Systematic Review

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Journal of.Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第3期14卷 166-176页

作者： Caio f. Biolcatti Marcela R. Simoes Thais P. Prado Milena Monf.rt-Pires Licio A. Velloso Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center Campinas Brazil Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland National Institute of.Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation Campinas Brazil

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are among the most important risk f.ctors f.r severe coronavirus disease-19. Some studies have suggested that the use of.insulin as a therapeutic agent to treat hyperglycemia and the metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes during the acute phase of.severe coronavirus disease-19 could have a negative impact on the disease’s progression;however, there is no consensus on this issue. Here, we perf.rmed a systematic review in an attempt to answer this important question. We included 29 articles published f.om December 2019 to August 2023, which reported the outcomes of.3,070,657 patients with severe coronavirus disease-19 that had the diagnosis of.diabetes and were treated with either insulin or other glucose-reducing agents. The results show that using insulin as a pharmacological intervention to treat type 2 diabetes in patients with severe coronavirus disease-19 increases the likelihood of.mortality by 193%.

关键词： SARS-CoV2 Obesity Inf.ammation Metabolism Glucose

A C-shaped hinge f.r displacement magnif.cation in MEMS rotational structures

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 55-66页

作者： Naga Manikanta Kommanaboina Tef.ri Sitotaw Yallew Alvise Bagolini Maria f.Pantano Department of.Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Trentovia Mesiano 7738123 TrentoItaly f.ndazione Bruno Kessler(f.K) Microsystems Technology(MST)via S.Croce 7738122 TrentoItaly

The design,analysis,f.brication,and characterization of.two distinct MEMS rotational structures are provided;these structures include a classical symmetrical lancet structure and a novel symmetrical C-shaped structure provided with a tilted arm,and both are actuated by thermal *** proposed C-shaped structure implemented a curved beam mechanism to enhance the movement delivered by the thermal *** geometrical parameters of.our proposed device were optimized using the design of.experiment(DOE)***,the analytical modeling based on Castigliano’s second theorem and the simulations based on the f.nite element method(f.M)were used to predict the behavior of.the symmetrical C-shaped structure;the results were in good agreement with each *** MEMS-based rotational structures were f.bricated on silicon-on-insulator(SOI)waf.rs using bulk micromachining technology and deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)*** f.bricated devices underwent experimental characterization;our results showed that our proposed MEMS rotational structure exhibited a 28%improvement in the delivered displacement compared to the symmetrical lancet ***,the experimental results showed good agreement with those obtained f.om numerical *** proposed structures have potential applications in a variety of.MEMS devices,including accelerometers,gyroscopes,and resonators,due to their ability to maximize displacement and thus enhance sensitivity.

关键词： shaped displacement structures

Nonlinear corrections f.r the nuclear gluon distribution in eA processes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 52-64页

作者： G.R.Boroun B.Rezaei f.Abdi Department of.Physics Razi UniversityKermanshah 67149Iran.

An analytical study with respect to the nonlinear corrections f.r the nuclear gluon distribution f.nction in the next-to-leading order approximation at small x is *** consider the nonlinear corrections to the nuclear gluon distribution f.nctions at low values of.x and Q^(2) using the parametrization f.(2)(x,Q^(2))and the nuclear modif.cation f.ctors obtained f.om the Khanpour-Soleymaninia-Atashbar-Spiesberger-Guzey *** CT18 gluon distribution is used f.r the baseline proton gluon density at Q^(2)_(0)=*** discuss the behavior of.the gluon densities in the next-to-leading order and the next-to-next-to-leading order approximations at the initial scale Q^(2)_(0),as well as the modif.cations due to the nonlinear *** f.nd that the QCD nonlinear corrections are more signif.cant f.r the next-to-leading order accuracy than the next-to-next-to-leading order f.r light and heavy *** results of.the nonlinear GLR-MQ evolution equation are similar to those obtained with the Rausch-Guzey-Klasen gluon upward and downward evolutions within the *** magnitude of.the gluon distribution with the nonlinear corrections increases with a decrease in x and an increase in atomic number A.

关键词： gluon distribution nonlinear corrections light and heavy nuclei low x physics

Connections Between Induction Generator Ef.ect and Open-loop Modal Proximity to Cause Sub-synchronous Oscillations in Series-compensated Power System

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CSEE Journal of.Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang H.f.Wang Tao Zhao Tim Littler College of.Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina School of.Electrical Engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

The induction generator ef.ect(IGE)and the openloop modal proximity(OLMP)are two dif.erent reasons why subsynchronous oscillations(SSOs)in a series-compensated power system(SCPS)may *** IGE attributes the growing SSOs to negative resistance,while the OLMP explains the SSO mechanism f.om the standpoint of.modal *** this paper,we investigate the connections between the IGE and the OLMP through equivalent RLC circuit and open-loop modal *** investigation is conducted f.r two types of.seriescompensated power systems where either a synchronous generator or a Df.G is connected at the sending *** investigation reveals the conditions,in which the IGE and the OLMP may jointly cause the growing SSOs,i.e.,both the IGE and the OLMP can explain why the growing SSOs ***,the investigation indicates that the IGE and the OLMP may be totally irrelevant and lead to growing SSOs *** implies that it is possible that in a SCPS,the growing SSOs are only due to the IGE,and the OLMP is non-existent,and vice ***,when the growing SSOs occurs in a SCPS,examination based on both the IGE and the OLMP should be caref.lly conducted in order to f.nd if.the oscillatory instability is due to the IGE,or the OLMP,or both of.them.

关键词： Induction generator ef.ect open-loop modal proximity series compensation sub-synchronous oscillations