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Ste.oidal scaffold de.orations in Solanum alkaloid biosynthe.is

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Mole.ular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1236-1254页

作者： Rosalind Lucie. Mohame. o.Kamile.n Yoko Nakamura Sofiia Se.e.iuk Ranjit Barbole.Je.s Wurlitze. Maritta Kune.t Sarah He.nicke.Sarah e.o'connor Prashant D.Sonawane De.artme.t of Natural Product Biosynthe.is Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Re.e.rch Group Biosynthe.is and NMR Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Bioche.ical Scie.ce. Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008MaharashtraIndia

Ste.oidal glycoalkaloids(SGAs)are.spe.ialize. me.abolite. produce. by hundre.s of Solanum spe.ie.,including important ve.e.able.crops such as tomato,potato,and *** it has be.n known that SGAs play important role. in de.e.se.in plants and“anti-nutritional"e.fe.ts(e.g.,toxicity and bitte.ne.s)to humans,many of the.e.mole.ule. have.docume.te. anti-cance.,anti-microbial,antiinflammatory,anti-viral,and anti-pyre.ic *** the.e.α-solasonine.andα-solamargine.isolate. from black nightshade.Solanum nigrum)are.re.orte. to have.pote.t anti-tumor,anti-prolife.ative.and anti-inflammatory ***,α-solasonine.andα-solamargine.along with the.core.ste.oidal aglycone.solasodine.are.the.most wide.pre.d SGAs produce. among the.Solanum ***,it is still unknown how plants synthe.ize.the.e.bioactive.ste.oidal *** comparative.me.abolomictranscriptome.guide. approach,biosynthe.ic logic,combinatorial e.pre.sion in Nicotiana be.thamiana,and functional re.ombinant e.zyme.assays,he.e.we.re.ort the.discove.y of 12 e.zyme. from *** that conve.ts the.starting chole.te.ol pre.ursorto solasodine.aglycone.and the.downstre.mα-solasonine.α-solamargine.and malonyl-solamargine.SGA *** furthe. ide.tifie. six e.zyme. from cultivate. e.gplant that catalyze.the.production ofα-solasonine.α-solamargine.and malonyl-solamargine.SGAs from solasodine.aglycone.via glycosylation and atypical malonylation *** work provide. the.ge.e.tool box and platform for e.gine.ring the.production of high-value.ste.oidal bioactive.mole.ule. inhe.e.ologoushosts usingsynthe.icbiology.

关键词： ste.oidal glycoalkaloids Solanum biosynthe.ic pathway α-solamargine malonyl-solamargine spe.ialize. me.abolite.

晚白垩世真兽类Zalamdale.te.揭示哺乳动物独特的枢椎及其复杂的进化过程

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Scie.ce.Bulle.in 2024年第11期69卷 1767-1775页

作者： Patrick Arnold Katarzyna Janisze.ska 李茜 Jingmai K.o'connor Lucja Fostowicz-Fre.ik Institute.of Bioche.istry and Biology University of PotsdamPotsdam D-14476Germany e.vironme.tal Pale.biology De.artme.t Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland Ke. Laboratory of e.olutionary Syste.atics of Ve.te.rate. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China The.Fie.d Muse.m of Natural History Chicago IL 60605USA De.artme.t of organismal Biology and Anatomy The University of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA e.olutionary Pale.biology De.artme.t Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland

The.typical mammalian ne.k consisting of se.e. ce.vical ve.te.rae.C1–C7)was e.tablishe. by the.Late.Pe.mian in the.cynodont fore.unne.s of mode.n *** structure.is pre.ise.y adapte. to facilitate.move.e.ts of the.he.d during fe.ding,locomotion,pre.ator e.asion,and social ***,the.clade.including crown place.tals,has a fossil re.ord e.te.ding back more.than 125 million ye.rs re.e.ling significant morphological dive.sification in the.*** ve.y little.is known conce.ning the.e.rly e.olution of e.the.ian ce.vical morphology and its functional adaptations.A spe.ime. of Zalambdale.te. le.he. from the.Late.Cre.ace.us of Mongolia boasts e.ce.tional pre.e.vation of an almost comple.e.se.ie. of ce.vical ve.te.rae.C2–C7)re.e.ling a highly modifie. axis(C2).The.significance.of this ce.vical morphology is e.plore. utilizing an inte.rate. approach combining comparative.anatomical e.amination across mammals,muscle.re.onstruction,ge.me.ric morphome.rics and virtual range.of motion *** compare. the.shape.of the.axis in Zalambdale.te. to a datase. of 88 mammalian spe.ie.(monotre.e.,marsupials,and place.tals)using thre.-dime.sional landmark *** re.ults indicate.that the.unique.axis morphology of Zalambdale.te. has no close.analog among living *** range.of motion analysis of the.ne.k strongly implie. Zalambdale.te. was capable.of e.e.ting ve.y force.ul he.d move.e.ts and had a high de.re. of ve.tral fle.ion for an animal its *** findings re.e.l une.pe.te. comple.ity in the.e.rly e.olution of the.e.the.ian ce.vical morphology and sugge.t a fe.ding be.avior similar to inse.tivore. spe.ialize. in ve.mivory and de.e.sive.be.aviors in Zalambdale.te. akin to mode.n spinife.ous mammals.

关键词： Atlas Axis Ve.te.ral column Ste. place.tal Morphology pale.e.ology

Comparisons of oxbow lake.fish asse.blage. in re.ation to bighe.de. carp e.tablishme.t in the.lowe. White.Rive., Arkansas

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e.ological Proce.se. 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michae. A.e.gle.on Cody J.Salzmann joseph e.Kaise. Shannon C.F.Smith De.artme.t of Aquaculture.and Fishe.ie. University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game.and Fish Commission Virginia Institute.of Marine.Scie.ce

Background Since.the.late.1990s, bighe.de. carps(large.y silve. carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighe.d carp [H. nobilis]) have.e.tablishe. throughout the.lowe. Mississippi Rive. basin. Using pre.iously studie. oxbow lake. in the.lowe. White.Rive. basin, Arkansas, we.compare. curre.t(2017, “post-carp” e.tablishme.t) fish asse.blage. to historical(2002, “pre.carp” e.tablishme.t) fish asse.blage.. Fish asse.blage. we.e.compre.e.sive.y asse.se. using multiple.ge.rs, including boat e.e.trofishing, mini-fyke.ne.s, and e.pe.ime.tal small-me.h gill *** T-te.ts sugge.te. that fish asse.blage.indice. of richne.s, dive.sity, e.e.ne.s, and dominance.we.e.ofte. gre.te.(P e.post-carp pe.iod as re.le.te. by boat e.e.trofishing and e.pe.ime.tal gill ne.s. Howe.e., all indice. we.e.ge.e.ally similar(P > 0.05) be.we.n the.pre.carp and post-carp pe.iod with fish asse.blage. de.icte. using mini-fyke.ne.s. Nonme.ric multidime.sional scaling analyse. indicate. that fish asse.blage. diffe.e. structurally be.we.n pre.carp and post-carp pe.iods. Asse.blage.diffe.e.ce. we.e.linke. to both small and large.abundance.change. for more.than 20 spe.ie.. Abundance. of gizzard shad(Dorosoma ce.e.ianum), e.e.ald shine.(Notropis athe.inoide.), pugnose.minnow(opsopoe.dus e.iliae., crappie.(Pomoxis spp.), blue.ill(Le.omis macrochirus), orange.potte. sunfish(L. humilis), and ye.low bass(Morone.mississippie.sis) de.line. be.we.n the.pre.carp and postcarp pe.iods. Conve.se.y, abundance. of we.d shine.(N. te.anus), pallid shine.(Hybopsis amnis), longe.r sunfish(L. me.alotis), buffalofishe.(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Le.isoste.s spp.) ge.e.ally incre.se. during the.same.*** Although not possible.to conclude.asse.blage.shifts we.e.e.tire.y re.ate. to bighe.de. carps due.to the.abse.ce.of an appropriate.re.e.e.ce.syste. whe.e.carps did not e.tablish, the.wide.e.tablishme.t of the.e.carps is one.of the.most pe.vasive.change. to have.occurre. in the.lowe. White

关键词： Bighe.de. carp Silve. carp Aquatic nuisance.spe.ie. Fish asse.blage oxbow lake Large.rive.

2024 Whe.lchair Compe.dium of Physical Activitie.:An update.of activity code. and e.e.gy e.pe.diture.value.

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Journal of Sport and He.lth Scie.ce 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conge. Ste.he. D.He.rmann e.ik A.Willis Tom e.Nightingale.joseph R.She.man Barbara e.Ainsworth De.artme.t of Kine.iology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Ce.te. for Me.abolism and obe.ity Re.e.rch The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Ce.te. for He.lth Promotion and Dise.se.Pre.e.tion University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Ce.tre.for Trauma Scie.ce. Re.e.rch University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK Colle.e.of He.lth Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of e.e.cise.and He.lth Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose.This pape. pre.e.ts an update.of the.2011 Whe.lchair Compe.dium of Physical Activitie. de.igne. for whe.lchair use.s and is re.e.re. to as the.2024 Whe.lchair *** Whe.lchair Compe.dium aims to curate.e.isting knowle.ge.of the.e.e.gy e.pe.diture.for whe.lchair physical activitie.(PAs).Me.hods:A syste.atic re.ie. of the.publishe. e.e.gy e.pe.diture.of PA for whe.lchair use.s was comple.e. be.we.n 2011 and May *** adde. the.e.data to the.2011 Whe.lchair Compe.dium data that was compile. pre.iously in a syste.atic re.ie. through ***:A total of 47 studie. we.e.include.,and 124 diffe.e.t whe.lchair PA re.orte. e.e.gy e.pe.diture.value. ranging from 0.8 me.abolic e.uivale.ts for whe.lchair use.s(filing pape.s,light e.fort)to 11.8 me.abolic e.uivale.ts for whe.lchair use.s(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the.update. 2024 Whe.lchair Compe.dium,we.hope.to bridge.the.re.ource.gap and challe.ge.the.pre.ailing narrative. that inadve.te.tly e.clude.whe.lchair use.s from physical fitne.s and he.lth PAs.

关键词： Disability e.e.cise Me. Mobility

De.ining the.association be.we.n the.prolonge. ope.ative.time.and 90-day complications in patie.ts unde.going radical cyste.tomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 429-436页

作者： Pe.e. Hanna joseph Zabe.l Badrinath Kone.y Christophe. Warlick De.artme.t of Urology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA De.artme.t of Urology Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt De.artme.t of Urology Rush UniversityChicagoILUSA

obje.tive.Radical cyste.tomy is a comple. le.gthy proce.ure.associate. with postope.ative.*** aime. to asse.s the.ope.ative.time.oT)in patie.ts unde.going radical cyste.tomy and its impact on 90-day postope.ative.complications and re.dmission ***:The.re.rospe.tive.cohort study include. 296 patie.ts unde.going radical cyste.tomy and urinary dive.sion from May 2010 to De.e.be. 2018 in our *** oT of 369 min was se. as a cutoff value.be.we.n short and long oT *** primary outcome.was 90-day postope.ative.complication *** outcome. we.e.gastrointe.tinal re.ove.y time.le.gth of hospital stay,and 90-day re.dmission ***:The.ove.all incide.ce.of 90-day postope.ative.complications was 79.7%whe.e.43.2%re.re.e.ting low-grade.complications according to the.Clavie.e.indo classification(Grade.1 and Grade.2),and 36.5%re.re.e.ting high-grade.complications(Grade.3).Gastrointe.tinal tract and infe.tious complications are.the.most common complications in our data se.(45.9%and 45.6%,re.pe.tive.y).on multivariable.analysis,prolonge. oT was significantly associate. with odds of high-grade.complications(odds ratio 2.340,95%confide.ce.inte.val 1.288e..250,p=0.005).Afte. prope.sity score.matche. analysis,a highe. incide.ce.of major complications was ide.tifie. in the.long oT group 55(51.4%)compare. to 35(32.7%)in the.short oT group(p=0.006).A shorte. gastrointe.tinal tract re.ove.y time.was notice. in the.short oT group(p=0.009).Prolonge. oT was associate. with a highe. 90-day re.dmission rate.on univariate.and multivariate.analyse.(pe.pe.tive.y).

关键词： Radicalcyste.tomy ope.ative.ime Complication Re.dmission

e.trate.re.trial Life.in the.The.mosphe.e. Plasmas, UAP, Pre.Life. Fourth State.of Matte.

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Journal of Mode.n Physics 2024年第3期15卷 322-376页

作者： R. joseph C. Impe. o. Planchon R. de. Gaudio M. Abu Safa A. R. Sumanarathna e. Ansbro D. Duvall G. Bianciardi C. H. Gibson R. Schild Astrobiology Re.e.rch Ce.te. California USA De.artme.t of Astronomy University of Arizona Tucson USA Biogéoscie.ce. Laboratory University of Burgundy Dijon France De.artme.t of Biology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy De.artme.t of Applie. Physics Palestine Polytechnic University Hebron Palestine De.artme.t of Re.e.rch and Innovation Eco Astronomy International Research Center Tetouan Morocco Space.e.ploration Ltd. Boyle County Roscommon Ireland De.artme.t of Zoology Oklahoma State University (Emeritus) Stillwater USA De.artme.t of Scie.ce.and Me.icine Università Degli Studi di Siena Tuscany Italy Ce.te. for Astrophysics and Space.Scie.ce. University of California (Emeritus) San Diego USA Ce.te. for Astrophysics Harvard-Smithsonian (Emeritus) Cambridge USA

“Plasmas” up to a kilome.e. in size.and be.aving similarly to multice.lular organisms have.be.n filme. on 10 se.arate.NASA space.shuttle.missions, ove. 200 mile. above.e.rth within the.the.mosphe.e. The.e.se.f-illuminate. “plasmas” are.attracte. to and may “fe.d on” e.e.tromagne.ic radiation. The. have.diffe.e.t morphologie.: 1) cone. 2) cloud, 3) donut, 4) sphe.ical-cylindrical;and have.be.n filme. flying towards and de.ce.ding from the.the.mosphe.e.into thunde.storms;congre.ating by the.hundre.s and inte.acting with sate.lite. ge.e.ating e.e.tromagne.ic activity;approaching the.Space.Shuttle.. Compute.ize. analysis of flight path traje.torie. docume.ts the.e.plasmas trave. at diffe.e.t ve.ocitie. from diffe.e.t dire.tions and change.the.r angle.of traje.tory making 45°, 90°, and 180° shifts and follow e.ch othe.. The.’ve.be.n filme. acce.e.ating, slowing down, stopping, congre.ating, e.gaging in “hunte.-pre.atory” be.avior and inte.se.ting plasmas le.ving a plasma dust trail in the.r wake. Similar life.like.be.aviors have.be.n de.onstrate. by plasmas cre.te. e.pe.ime.tally. “Plasmas” may have.be.n photographe. in the.1940s by WWII pilots (ide.tifie. as “Foo fighte.s”);re.e.te.ly obse.ve. and filme. by astronauts and military pilots and classifie. as Unide.tifie. Ae.ial—Anomalous Phe.ome.on. Plasmas are.not biological but may re.re.e.t a form of pre.life.that via the.incorporation of e.e.e.ts common in space. could re.ult in the.synthe.is of RNA. Plasmas constitute.a fourth state.of matte., are.attracte. to e.e.tromagne.ic activity, and whe. obse.ve. in the.lowe. atmosphe.e.like.y account for many of the.UFo-UAP sightings ove. the.ce.turie..

关键词： e.trate.re.trials Plasmas Dusty Plasmas e.tre.ophile. Life.in Space Abioge.e.is origins of Life RNA World

索绪尔与结构主义音系学——与约翰·e.约瑟夫教授对谈

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语言教育 2024年第3期12卷 27-35页

作者：约翰·e.约瑟夫曲长亮爱丁堡大学哲学、心理学与语言科学学院苏格兰爱丁堡大连外国语大学英语学院辽宁大连

本文是访谈人与索绪尔研究专家、国际知名语言学家约翰·e.约瑟夫教授的访谈内容。《普通语言学教程》中呈现的索绪尔音系学思想向来被认为是模糊且矛盾的,约瑟夫教授结合索绪尔研究界近几十年来的最新发现,对索绪尔音系学的关键概念及... 详细信息

本文是访谈人与索绪尔研究专家、国际知名语言学家约翰·e.约瑟夫教授的访谈内容。《普通语言学教程》中呈现的索绪尔音系学思想向来被认为是模糊且矛盾的,约瑟夫教授结合索绪尔研究界近几十年来的最新发现,对索绪尔音系学的关键概念及索绪尔音系学思想的影响力作了全新论述。

关键词：索绪尔约翰·e.约瑟夫音位响音系数结构主义音系学

Me.abolic-associate. fatty live. dise.se.and sarcope.ia:A double.whammy

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World Journal of He.atology 2024年第2期16卷 152-163页

作者： Aditya Viswanath She.ouk Fouda Corne.ius Jame. Fe.nande. joseph M Pappachan School of Me.icine Leicester UniversityLeicester LE17RHUnited Kingdom School of He.lth and Biome.ical Scie.ce. Rmit UniversityMelbourne VICAustralia De.artme.t of e.docrinology and Me.abolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom De.artme.t of e.docrinology and Me.abolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Scie.ce Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The.pre.ale.ce.of me.abolic-associate. fatty live. dise.se.MAFLD)has incre.se. substantially in re.e.t ye.rs be.ause.of the.global obe.ity ***,now re.ognize. as the.numbe. one.cause.of chronic live. dise.se.in the.world,not only incre.se. live.-re.ate. morbidity and mortality among suffe.e.s but also worse.s the.complications associate. with othe. comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular dise.se.type.2 diabe.e. me.litus,obstructive.sle.p apnoe.,lipid disorde.s and *** the.inte.play be.we.n MAFLD and the.e.comorbiditie. is important to de.ign optimal the.ape.tic *** can be.e.the. part of the.dise.se.proce.s that re.ults in MAFLD(e.g.,obe.ity or adiposity)or a conse.ue.ce.of MAFLD,e.pe.ially in the.advance. stage. such as fibrosis and *** can also worse. MAFLD by re.ucing e.e.cise.capacity and by the.production of various muscle.re.ate. che.ical ***,it is crucial to thoroughly unde.stand how we.de.l with the.e.dise.se.,e.pe.ially whe. the. *** e.plore.the.pathobiological inte.links be.we.n MAFLD and sarcope.ia in this compre.e.sive.clinical update.re.ie. article.and propose.e.ide.ce.base. the.ape.tic strate.ie. to e.hance.patie.t care.

关键词： Me.abolic-associate. fatty live. dise.se Sarcope.ia Sarcope.ic obe.ity Le.n me.abolic-associate. fatty live. dise.se Cardiovascular dise.se Live.-muscle.axis

De.aile. characte.ization of kHz-rate.lase.-drive. fusion at a thin liquid she.t with a ne.tron de.e.tion suite

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High Powe. Lase. Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Be.jamin M.Knight connor M.Gautam Colton R.Stone. Bryan V.e.ne. joseph R.Smith Chris M.orban Juan J.Manfre.i Kyle.D.Frische.Michae. L.De.te. e.am A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik De.artme.t of e.gine.ring Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics De.artme.t Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA De.artme.t of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA De.artme.t of Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Inte.se.e.e.gy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We.pre.e.t de.aile. characte.ization of lase.-drive. fusion and ne.tron production(-10^(5)/se.ond) using 8 mJ, 40 fs lase. pulse. on a thin(<1 μm) D_2o liquid she.t e.ploying a me.sure.e.t suite. At re.ativistic inte...

We.pre.e.t de.aile. characte.ization of lase.-drive. fusion and ne.tron production(-10^(5)/se.ond) using 8 mJ, 40 fs lase. pulse. on a thin(o liquid she.t e.ploying a me.sure.e.t suite. At re.ativistic inte.sity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high re.e.ition rate.1 kHz), the.syste. produce. de.te.ium±de.te.ium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consiste.t ne.tron ge.e.ation. e.ide.ce.of D-D fusion ne.tron production is ve.ifie. by a me.sure.e.t suite.with thre. inde.e.de.t de.e.tion syste.s: an e.-309 organic scintillator with pulse.shape.discrimination, a ~3He.proportional counte. and a se. of 36 bubble.de.e.tors. Time.of-flight analysis of the.scintillator data shows the.e.e.gy of the.produce. ne.trons to be.consiste.t with 2.45 Me.. Particle.in-ce.l simulations using the.WarpX code.support significant ne.tron production from D-D fusion e.e.ts in the.lase.±targe. inte.action re.ion. This high-re.e.ition-rate.lase.-drive. ne.tron source.could provide.a low-cost, on-de.and te.t be. for radiation harde.ing and imaging applications.

关键词： high-re.e.ition-rate.lase.-drive. fusion lase.-plasma inte.action liquid targe. ne.tron de.e.tors