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Elaboration of Ceramic Pot Filter from Kaolinite (Cameroon Clay) for the Elimination of Suspended Particles from Domestic Drinking Water

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第8期14卷 43-60页

作者： Celestine Asobo Yanu Ngiongboung Nguiamba joseph Marie sieliechi Martin Benoit Ngassoum Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry University of Buea Buea Cameroon National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences Department of Applied Chemistry University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The objective of this work was to elaborate ceramic water filters from Kaolinite (Cameroon) clay for the elimination of suspended particles from domestic drinking water. In Sub-Sahara Africa and in Cameroon in particular health issues have been linked to the consummation of domestic tap water of high turbidity values both in the rural and urban areas. In order to remedy these problems, ceramic water pot filters have been elaborated in a pilot scale unit with aim of putting in place a unit production. The chemical composition, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses of the raw materials (clay and rice husks) was determined. The crystal phases and scanning electron microscope of Wack clay was also determined. The ceramic pot filter membranes were fabricated from the formulations 70/20/10 of clay/porogen/chamotte respectively with the particle size of the raw material less than or equal to 500 μm. The formulated ceramic pot filters were then sintered at 900˚C in a furnace. These ceramic pot filters were characterized by determining their porosity, withdrawal percentages, water permeability, mechanical and chemical resistance. The study of the efficiency consisted in evaluating the retention rate and permeate flux with respect to time (days) with synthetic water suspensions of turbidity 100 NTU and particle size of 2 μm. The ceramic pot filters were made aiming at studying the efficiency after physical defouling of filters. Physical defouling consisted in brushing the inner surface of the ceramic pot filters with water and drying them at ambient temperature after being used for 11 days and reusing them under the same initial conditions. The produced ceramic pot filter had a volume of 4 L, an average porosity of 36.15%, shrinkage in mass or withdrawal percentage of 18.23%, a water permeability of 59.6 × 103 L∙h−2∙m−2, mechanical resistance of 6.8 MPa and corrosion resistance of

关键词： Ceramic Pot Filter Retention Rate Flux Defouling Formulation Production Cost

Optimization of Ceramic Paste Viscosity Use for the Elaboration of Tubular Membrane Support by Extrusion and Its Application

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2020年第3期8卷 1-22页

作者： Celestine Asobo Yanu joseph Marie sieliechi Martin Benoit Ngassoum National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences Department of Applied Chemistry University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

The objective of this work was to determine the optimum size and amount of raw materials which influence the viscosity of ceramic paste using the experimental design for the production of tubular support by the extrusion technique and its application in microfiltration. The Box Behnken design was used to optimize the viscosity of the ceramic paste. ANOVA was used to model the system represented by independent parameters and dependent output response and to optimize the system by estimating the statistical parameters. A three-factor and three-level design was used generating thus 15 experiments. The independent factors were the amount of porogen, size of porogen and amount of binder and dependent factor the viscosity of the ceramic paste. The minimum (−1), intermediate (0) and maximum (+1) level of the amount of porogen, size of porogen and amount of binder used were 20 g, 30 g and 40 g, 50 μm, 100 μm and 150 μm, and 2 g, 3.5 g and 5 g respectively. The statistical analyses showed that the values of the answers would adapt to a second degree polynomial model. The R-square value obtained was greater than 95%, the Biais factor was equal to the unit and the Absolute Average Deviation (AAD) equal to the zero thus validating the model. The optimal size of raw material was found to be 100 μm for an amount of clay of 66 g, amount of porogen of 30 g and amount of binder of 4 g. The optimum viscosity of the ceramic paste was found to be 26.7 Pa∙s which is close to the viscosity of the clay paste only found to be 28.5 Pa∙s, thus good for shaping by the extrusion technique. The ceramic paste showed a pseudo-plastic behavior. The tubular porous support was sintered at 950°C and the dimensions, such as outer and inner diameters and length of the tube were 4 cm, 2 cm, and 19 cm, respectively. The sintered membrane possesses a porosity of 43.5%, water permeability of 244.9 L/h∙m2 bar, an average pore size of 2.4 μm and mechanical strength of 9.2 MPa with ver

关键词： Optimization Tubular Support Extrusion Viscosity of Paste Microfiltration

Physico-Chemical Characterization and Stability Study in Acidic and Basic Solution of Ceramic Filters from Mouka’s Clay (Cameroon)

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2019年第11期7卷 42-53页

作者： Ngiongboung Nguiamba Placide Désirée Belibi Belibi joseph Marie sieliechi Martin Benoî t Ngassoum University of Ngaoundéré Department of Applied Chemistry University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

This paper deals with the characterisation and study of physico-chemical stability of ceramic filters from clays and rice husk obtained from the far north region of Cameroon (Logone Valley) and their application in potable water treatment. Clays from Mouka were characterized by FTIR analysis. The results showed that the filter formulated with a mixture containing 80% clay and 20% rice husk of 100 μm in size each gave the lowest filter shrinkage rate;these formulated filters were chosen for the remaining work. Leaching tests showed that with filters at a sintering temperature of 830°C the leaching was not observed under neutral (pH 6.8) and acidic (pH 5) conditions as compared to 950°C and 1000°C where the leaching was observed. In basic (pH 9) condition, all the filters obtained released ions. Leaching tests revealed that the conductivity of the leachate for the filters sintered at 830°C was lower than those sintered at 950°C and 1000°C. Meanwhile, conductivity decreases with increasing sintering temperature (temperature up to 830°C) due to the fact that ceramization starts as from 850°C that leads to an amorphous state that favours chemical stability, the leaching ions were Fe2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+. The ceramic filters sintered at 950°C were applied to the filtration of water and the performance in terms of turbidity reduction was 95% and the flow rate after 50 minutes was 100 × 10−3 L/h.

关键词： Ceramic Filter Chemical Stability Clay Filtration Lixiviation Test

Identification of an Appropriate Formulation for Domestic Water Ceramic Filters from Soukamna Clay(Cameroon)

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2021年第1期4卷 12-18页

作者： Ngiongboung Nguiamba Celestine Asobo Yanu Placide Desire Belibi Belibi joseph Marie sieliechi Martin Benoit Ngassoum National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of NgaoundereNgaoundereCameroon

This paper deals with the formulation of ceramic filters having the porosity adapted to domestic potable water *** filters were made from clays and rice husk obtained from the Far North region of Cameroon(Logone Valley).Nine formulations were investigated to choose those that might have the porosity standing between 35 and 50%(the ideal porosity adapted for water treatment).The nine formulations investigated were as follows:clay:rice husk mixture weight ratio 0.7:0.3;0.8:0.2 and 0.9:0.1 with the particle size of 100:100 *** sintering temperatures of 900℃,950℃ and 1000℃ were applied for each of the *** results showed that only filters with weight ratio 0.7:0.3 sintered at 900℃,950℃ and 1000℃ had porosity between 35 and 50% with values of 39.41±0.96;40.15±1.59;40.14±1.31 *** strength,permeability and iron leaching behavior were investigated for these three *** formulation 0.7:0.3 with sintering temperature of 1000℃ had the higher permeability and was the more stable for iron leaching so it is the more adapted for water treatment in terms of flow rate and iron leaching behavior,pore size distribution showed that these filters were macroporous and designed for microfiltration with average pore diameter of 0.46μm.

关键词： Ceramic filter Porosity Permeability Iron leaching Soukamna