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QMEC:a tool for high-throughput quantitative assessment of microbial functional potential in C,N,P,and S biogeochemical cycling

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 1451-1462页

作者： Bangxiao Zheng Yongguan Zhu Jordi Sardans josep penuelas Jianqiang Su Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Consejo Superior de lnvestigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) Global Ecology UnitCentre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF)-CSIC-Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)BeUaterra 08193Spain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallesBarcelona 08193Spain State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Bering 100085China

Microorganisms are major drivers of elemental cycling in the biosphere. Determining the abundance of microbial functional traits involved in the transformation of nutrients, including carbon(C), nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and sulfur(S), is critical for assessing microbial functionality in elemental cycling. We developed a high-throughput quantitative-PCR-based chip, Quantitative microbial element cycling(QMEC), for assessing and quantifying the genetic potential of microbiota to mineralize soil organic matter and to release C, N, P and S. QMEC contains 72 primer pairs targeting 64 microbial functional genes for C, N, P, S and methane metabolism. These primer pairs were characterized by high coverage(average of 18–20 phyla covered per gene)and sufficient specificity(>70% match rate) with a relatively low detection limit(7–102 copies per run). QMEC was successfully applied to soil and sediment samples, identifying significantly different structures, abundances and diversities of the functional genes(P<0.05). QMEC was also able to determine absolute gene abundance. QMEC enabled the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of 72 genes from 72 samples in one run, which is promising for comprehensively investigating microbially mediated ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles in various environmental contexts including those of the current global change.

关键词： microbial genes functional potential high-throughput qPCR elemental cycling biogeochemical cycle ecological process

Towards a universal optimization of the performance of sand storage dams in arid and semi-arid areas by systematically minimizing vulnerability to siltation:A case study in Makueni,Kenya

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第3期33卷 221-233页

作者： josep de Trincheria Walter Filho Leal Ralf Otterpohl Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection Hamburg University of Technology Research and Transfer Centre "Sustainable Development and Climate Change Management" Hamburg University of Applied Sciences

Sand storage dams are hydraulic retention structures that increase the volume of coarse sediments in seasonal sandy streams by exclusively blocking the bedload transport during runoff events. However,siltation of fine grain particles, which are transported as part of the suspended load, is a major factor causing sand storage dams to perform poorly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hydrological performance and cost-efficiency of 30 sand storage dams. This study also aimed to increase the understanding of critical factors which may affect the performance and lead to siltation of sand storage reservoirs. The analysis was based on a physical survey of 30 sand storage dams that were built in onestage in southeastern Kenya. Most of the study sites had the capacity to produce sand. However, the reservoirs suffered from severe siltation, which caused generalized low annual yields, reduced supply capacities, and low cost-efficiency. It is argued that the main factors for the poor performance were the high inter-and intra-annual variability of bedload transport, which coupled with the construction of onestage spillways, led to siltation of the reservoirs. Thus, large volumes of fine grain particles accumulated in the reservoirs during runoff events with bedload layer heights lower than the height of the one-stage spillways. To systematically maximize the robustness to the inherent variability of bedload transport, and ensure optimal performance levels by systematically minimizing siltation, spillways should be built in stages of reduced height. Thus, the lower the stage height, the higher the probability of maximizing the accumulation of coarse sediment. It is estimated that a multi-stage construction process with stage heights of 20 cm would have produced a performance 26 times higher. This implies that the 30 reservoirs would have had the capacity to supply 8516 people as compared to the current supply capacity of 330 people. Improvements in the performance of sa

关键词： Bedload transport variability Spillway Multi-stage construction

On/Off-Line Prediction Applied to Job Scheduling on Non-Dedicated NOWs

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2011年第1期26卷 99-116页

作者： Mauricio Hanzich Porfidio Hernandez Francesc Gine Francesc Solsona josep L.Lerida Department of Computer Application in Science and Engineering Barcelona Supercomputing CenterBarcelonaSpain Department of Computer Architecture & Operating Systems Autonomous University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Computer Science University of LleidaLleidaSpain

This paper proposes a prediction engine designed for non-dedicated clusters, which is able to estimate the turnaround time for parallel applications, even in the presence of serial workload of the workstation owner. The prediction engine can be configured to work with three different estimation kernels： a Historical kernel, a Simulation kernel based on analytical models and an integration of both, named Hybrid kernel. These estimation proposals were integrated into a scheduling system, named CISNE, which can be executed in an on-line or off-line mode. The accuracy of the proposed estimation methods was evaluated in relation to different job scheduling policies in a real and a simulated cluster environment. In both environments, we observed that the Hybrid system gives the best results because it combines the ability of a simulation engine to capture the dynamism of a non-dedicated environment together with the accuracy of the historical methods to estimate the application runtime considering the state of the resources.

关键词： prediction method non-dedicated cluster cluster computing job scheduling simulation

Biostratigraphy,Depositional and Diagenetic Processes in Carbonate Rocks from Southern Lebanon:Impact on Porosity and permeability

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第5期95卷 1668-1683页

作者： Hammad Tariq JANJUHAH josep SANJUAN Mohammad ALQUDAH Mohamed K.SALAH Department of Geology American University of BeirutRiad El-SolhBeirut 11072020Lebanon Department of Geology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringalDir Upper 18050Pakistan Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Yarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

Carbonate rocks contain prolific hydrocarbon reserves all over the world,particularly in the Middle *** exploration and production strategies,it is essential to understand carbonate reservoirs in terms of their internal characteristics,depositional environment,relative age,diagenetic processes and impact on petrophysical *** study has been performed on exposed Cretaceous,Paleocene and Miocene marine carbonate sedimentary sequences in two localities(Maghdoucheh and Qennarit)near the city of Sidon(Southern Lebanon).It represents the first comprehensive study that takes into consideration the carbonate reservoir facies,diagenetic history and reservoir quality in the *** at Maghdoucheh are mainly dominated by limestone beds showing sedimentary structures and erosive bases alternating with microfossil-rich silty marls,related to a shallowing upward sequence in a restricted marine platform *** of benthic foraminifera and mollusks dominate the fossil assemblage extracted from the studied *** microfossil and nannofossil assemblage detected in the Maghdoucheh sections indicates a middle Miocene *** at Qennarit are composed of mudstone/wackestone limestone beds rich in planktonic foraminifera and nannofossils related to open marine *** on the nannofossil content,rocks from Qennarit 1 and 2 are Paleocene and Cretaceous in age,*** main types of microfacies have been identified,i.e.(1)microbioclastic peloidal calcisiltite,(2)pelagic lime mudstone and wackestone with planktonic microfossils,(3)grainstone/packstone with abundant foraminifera and(4)fenestral bindstones,mudstones and packstones with porostromate *** porosity-permeability(poro-perm)analysis of representative samples reveals moderate to good porosity but very low *** is mainly due to the presence of large moldic pores that are isolated in *** diagenetic features are dominated by micritization and dissolut

关键词： lithofacies diagenesis microfossils nannofossils reservoir quality Middle East carbonates

Achievement of high rate nitritation with aerobic granular sludge reactors enhanced by sludge recirculation events

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 528-533页

作者： Zulkifly JEMAAT josep Anton TORA Albert BARTROLI Julian CARRERA Julio peREZ Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering Universitat Autbnoma de Barcelona Barcelona 08193 Spain Aeris Tecnologias Ambientales Ed. Eureka-Campus UAB Barcelona 08193 Spain Present address: Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Kuantan 26300 Malaysia

A ratio control strategy has been used to demonstrate the feasibility of this automatic control procedure for the achievement of stable full and partial nitritation. The control strategy assured constant ratio between the dissolved oxygen （DO） and the total ammonia nitrogen （TAN） concentrations in the bulk liquid of aerobic granular sludge reactors operating in continuous mode. Three different set-ups with different reactor capacities were used （3, 110, and 150L）. High strength synthetic wastewaters and reject water were tested with similar performance. Achieved nitrogen loading rates ranged between 0.4 and 6.1 kgN· m^-3·d^-1, at temperatures between 20℃ and 30℃. 1Granular sludge and nitritation were stable in the long term continuous operation of the reactors. Suitable stable effluent for Anammox has been obtained using the desired TAN setpoint （i.e. 50% of influent ammonium oxidation）. An existing biofilm model devel- oped incorporating the implemented control loops and validated in a previous publication was used to investigate the effects of the ammonium concentration of the influent and the biofilm density on the achievement of full nitritation. The model demonstrated how sludge recirculation events led to a stable and significant increase of the biomass concentration in the reactor, which in turn resulted in the achievement of high nitrogen loading rates, due to the action of the control strategy. The model predicted an enhancement of stable full nitritation at higher ammonium concentrations in the influent. Poor influence of the biofilm density in the achievement of full nitritation was predicted with the model.

关键词： partial nitrification reject water high strength ammonium wastewater closed-loop control

A Secure Elliptic Curve-Based RFID Protocol

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 309-318页

作者： Santi Martínez Magda Valls Concepció Roig josep M. Miret Francesc Giné Computer Science Department Universitat de Lleida Mathematics Department Universitat de Lleida

Nowadays, the use of Radio Frequency Identification （RFID） systems in industry and stores has increased Nevertheless, some of these systems present privacy problems that may discourage potential users. Hence, high confidence and efficient privacy protocols are urgently needed. Previous studies in the literature proposed schemes that are proven to be secure, but they have scalability problems. A feasible and scalable protocol to guarantee privacy is presented in this paper. The proposed protocol uses elliptic curve cryptography combined with a zero knowledge-based authentication scheme. An analysis to prove the system secure, and even forward secure is also provided.

关键词： elliptic curve cryptography forward security RFID zero knowledge

Can Biochar Protect Labile Organic Matter Against Mineralization in Soil?

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pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 822-831页

作者： giovanna b.melas oriol ortiz josep m.alacaiz departament de biologia animal de biologia vegetal i d’ecologiafacultat de biociènciesuniversitat autònoma de barcelonaCerdanyola del Valles 08193(Spain) centre de recerca ecologica i aplicacions forestals(creaf) Cerdanyola del Valles E08193(Spain) dipartimento di agraria universitádegli studi di sassariViale Italia 39Sassari 071O0(halla) departamento de ciencias agrarias y del medio natural escuela politécnica superior de huescauniversidad de zaragozaHuesca E22071(Spain)

Biochar could help to stabilize soil organic （SOM） matter, thus sequestering carbon （C） into the soil. The aim of this work was to determine an easy method i） to estimate the effects of the addition of biochar and nutrients on the organic matter （SOM） mineralization in an artificial soil, proposed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development （OECD）, amended with glucose and ii） to measure the amount of labile organic matter （glucose） that can be sorbed and thus be partially protected in the same soil, amended or not amended with biochar. A factorial experiment was designed to check the effects of three single factors （biochar, nutrients, and glucose） and their interactions on whole SOM mineralization. Soil samples were inoculated with a microbial inoculum and preincubated to ensure that their biological activities were not limited by a small amount of microbial biomass, and then they were incubated in the dark at 21 ~C for 619 d. periodical measurements of C mineralized to carbon dioxide （CO2） were carried out throughout the 619-d incubation to allow the mineralization of both active and slow organic matter pools. The amount of sorbed glucose was calculated as the difference between the total and remaining amounts of glucose added in a soil extract. Two different models, the Freundlich and Langmuir models, were selected to assess the equilibrium isotherms of glucose sorption. The CO2-C release strongly depended on the presence of nutrients only when no biochar was added to the soil. The mineralization of organic matter in the soil amended with both biochar and glucose was equal to the sum of the mineralization of the two C sources separately. Furthermore, a significant amount of glucose can be sorbed on the biochar-amended soil, suggesting the involvement of physico-chemical mechanisms in labile organic matter protection.

关键词： C source glucose sorption microbial biomass nutrients soil respiration

Distribution and space use of seed-dispersing rodents in central Pyrenees:implications for genetic diversity,conservation and plant recruitment

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 307-318页

作者： Jon URGOITI Alberto MUÑOZ josep Maria ESpeLTA Raúl BONAL CREAF Cerdanyola del VallésCataloniaSpain Department of Didactics of Experimental Sciences Faculty of EducationUniversity Complutense of MadridMadridSpain Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Research group of Genetic and Cultural Biodiversity Research centre for Cinegetic Resources(CSIC-UCLM-JCCM)Ciudad RealSpain

The function and conservation of many forest ecosystems depend on the distribution and diversity of the community of rodents that consume and disperse *** habitat preferences and interactions are especially relevant in alpine systems where such granivorous rodents reach the southernmost limit of their distribution and are especially sensitive to global *** analyzed the community of granivorous rodents in the Pyrenees,one of the southernmost mountain ranges of *** species were identified by DNA with particular attention to the Apodemus species,which are prominent seed-dispersing rodents in *** confirmed for the first time the presence of the yellow-necked mouse,Apodemus flavicollis,in central Pyrenees,a typical Eurosiberian species that reaches its southernmost distribution limit in this *** also found the wood mouse,Apodemus sylvaticus,a related species more tolerant to Mediterranean *** rodents were spatially segregated by *** was rare at high altitudes,which might cause the genetic differentiation between populations of the different valleys reported *** also found other seed consumers like dormice,Elyomis quercinus,and voles,Myodes glareolus,with marked habitat *** suggest that population isolation among valleys may increase the genetic diversity of rodents,like *** also highlight the potential threat that global warming may represent for species linked to high-altitude refuges at the southern edge of its distribution,like Apodemus ***,we discuss how this threat may have a dimension in the conservation of alpine forests dispersed by these rodent populations.

关键词： DNA analysis Pyrenees rodents seed dispersal vegetation structure

Field trapping of the flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） with different traps and volatile lures

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 139-149页

作者： Benjamin Ferstenau Carmen Quero josep Ma Riba Gloria Rosell Angel Guerrero Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelfing IQAC (CSIC) Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Department of AnimalBiology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Avda. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Department of Pharmacology andTherapeutic Chemistry (Associated to CSIC) Faculty of Pharmacy University of Barcelona Joan XXIII 27-31 08028 Barcelona Spain

The flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus E （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） is one of the primary pests of cork oak Quercus suber L. in the Mediterranean region causing great economic losses to the cork industry. Very little is known about its biology and behavior and, so far, no control measures have been established. We present the results of a pilot study aimed to develop an efficient trapping method for monitoring this harmful pest. In a 3-year field study, purple-colored prism traps baited with a mixture of green leaf volatiles （GLVs） from the host have been shown the most effective combination to catch C. undatus adults （solely females） compared to other trap and lure types tested. Wavelength and reflectance measurements revealed that purple traps exhibit reflectance peak values similar to those found in the abdominal and elytral cuticle of both sexes, suggesting the involvement of visual cues for mate location in this species. The data presented are the first to demonstrate captures of adults of the genus Coroebus by an attractant-based trapping method.

关键词： attractants Buprestidae Coroebus undatus green leafvolatiles monitoring Quercus suber