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Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 180-193页

作者： Xiangyi Li Shilong Piao Chris Huntingford josep Pe?uelas Hui Yang Hao Xu Anping Chen Pierre Friedlingstein Trevor F.Keenan Stephen Sitch Xuhui Wang Jakob Zscheischler miguel D.mahecha Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCenter for Excellence in Tibetan Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB CREAF Cerdanyola de Vallès Department of Biogeochemical Integration Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Biology Colorado State University Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University Department of mathematics College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of Exeter Laboratoire de météorologie Dynamique Institut Pierre-Simon LaplaceCNRS-ENS-UPMC-XDépartement de GeósciencesEcole Normale Superieure Earth and Environmental Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Environmental Science Policy&ManagementUniversity of California Berkeley Department of Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Exeter Department of Computational Hydrosystems Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—Ufz Remote Sensing Centre for Earth System Research Leipzig University

Identifying the thresholds of drought that,if crossed,suppress vegetation functioning is vital for accurate quantification of how land ecosystems respond to climate variability and *** present a globally applicable framework to identify drought thresholds for vegetation responses to different levels of known soil-moisture deficits using four remotely sensed vegetation proxies spanning *** thresholds identified represent critical inflection points for changing vegetation responses from highly resistant to highly vulnerable in response to drought stress,and as a warning signal for substantial vegetation *** thresholds varied geographically,with much lower percentiles of soil-moisture anomalies in vegetated areas covered by more forests,corresponding to a comparably stronger capacity to mitigate soil water deficit stress in forested ***,those lower thresholds are detected in more humid ***-of-the-art land models,however,overestimated thresholds of soil moisture(*** drought impacts),especially in more humid areas with higher forest covers and arid areas with few forest *** on climate model projections,we predict that the risk of vegetation damage will increase by the end of the twenty-first century in some hotspots like East Asia,Europe,Amazon,southern Australia and eastern and southern *** data-based results will inform projections on future drought impacts on terrestrial ecosystems and provide an effective tool for drought management.

关键词： drought threshold inflection points vegetation response soil moisture drought impacts

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双边反向驱动内流过渡流特性研究（英文）

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2023年第7期 612-625页

作者：安博 josep m.BERGADà 桑为民李栋 F.mELLIBOVSKY 西北工业大学航空学院翼型、叶栅空气动力学国家重点实验室中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室加泰罗尼亚理工大学流体力学系加泰罗尼亚理工大学航空航天工程部物理系

目的：探究双边驱动方腔内流流场的过渡流临界特性，捕捉各种流动分岔点，分析其对流场特性带来的改变。确定流场演化模式，解释流动现象后的流动机理。通过流场拓扑结构和涡系演化分析流场稳定性与对称性的关系。创新点：1.首次揭示驱... 详细信息

目的：探究双边驱动方腔内流流场的过渡流临界特性，捕捉各种流动分岔点，分析其对流场特性带来的改变。确定流场演化模式，解释流动现象后的流动机理。通过流场拓扑结构和涡系演化分析流场稳定性与对称性的关系。创新点：1.首次揭示驱动速度比对该流场过渡流临界特性的影响规律；2.从物理层面上阐明流动本质。方法：1.以均匀直角网格构建计算域，通过基于格子玻尔兹曼方法的数值模拟方法，计算各流动状态发生变化时的临界雷诺数。根据不同驱动速度比，绘制Hopf和Neimark-Sacker流动分岔点以及湍流临界点随速度比的函数图像（图9）;2.通过扰动衰减系数、速度相图、速度频谱分析来判断流动是否由定常变为非定常周期性流动，再由周期性流动变为准周期性流动直至演化为湍流；3.通过流场拓扑结构分析流场对称性的破坏与不稳定性的关系；4.通过能量频谱图像分析流动的能量级串现象（图11）。结论：1.跟预期一样，该流场的稳定性丧失总是伴随着Hopf流动分岔点的出现；2.相较于顶盖驱动内流流场，双边驱动内流流场的稳定性较强，说明第二条边的驱动条件可以有效提高流场的稳定性；3.当α=-0.464时，流场稳定性最强，同时当双边驱动条件相同时可以更好的提高流场稳定性；4.不管驱动速度比如何变，流场始终展现了经典的Ruelle-Takens模式，从定常流动演化至非定常周期性流动，再由周期性流动演化至准周期性流动，最终演化为湍流；5.180度的旋转对称性对于推迟湍流的出现有很大作用。

关键词：双边驱动方腔内流驱动速度比过渡流临界特性涡系拓扑结构能量级串

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有源电力滤波器新型拓扑结构及控制策略

大功率变流技术 2015年第4期 7-13页

作者：沈攀韩杨 josep m.Guerrero 电子科技大学四川成都611731 重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室重庆400044 奥尔堡大学

介绍几种主要混合型有源滤波器的特点及其最新发展与应用情况,重点分析了国内外有源滤波器新型拓扑结构和控制策略的主要研究成果,并对其进行了归纳比较;提出基于LCL滤波器的混合有源滤波系统,采用基于有源阻尼的电流双闭环控制仿真验... 详细信息

介绍几种主要混合型有源滤波器的特点及其最新发展与应用情况,重点分析了国内外有源滤波器新型拓扑结构和控制策略的主要研究成果,并对其进行了归纳比较;提出基于LCL滤波器的混合有源滤波系统,采用基于有源阻尼的电流双闭环控制仿真验证了所提方法的有效性;最后,对有源滤波器及其控制策略的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词：有源滤波器混合有源滤波器控制策略 LCL滤波器

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Coherent ONU based on 850 μm-long cavity-RSOA for next-generation ultra-dense access network

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第5期14卷 19-23页

作者： Guang Yong Chu Adolfo Lerín Iván N.Cano Victor Polo josep Prat Department of Signal Theory and Communications Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

In this Letter, an efficient bidirectional differential phase-shift keying （DPSK）--DPSK transmission for a ultra- dense wavelength division-multiplexed passive optical network is proposed. A single distributed feedback laser at the optical network unit （ONU） is used both as the local laser for downlink coherent detection and the optical carrier for uplink. Phase-shift keying is generated using a low-cost reflective semiconductor optical amplifier （RSOA） at the ONU. The RSOA chip has the bandwidth of 4.7 GHz at the maximum input power and bias current. For uplink transmission, the sensitivity of the RSOA chip reaches -48.2 dBm at the level of bit error rate = 10^-3 for back-to-back, and the penalty for 50 km transmission is less than 1 dB when using polarization diversity.

关键词： ONU RSOA Coherent ONU based on 850 m-long cavity-RSOA for next-generation ultra-dense access network

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Personalized nutrition to mitigate inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals: a secondary analysis of the Danish PREVENTOmICS intervention

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Sebastià Galmés Andreu Palou-march Kristina Pigsborg mona Adnan Aldubayan Sophia m.O.Gormsen Alberto Calleja Joan Trabal Vanesa martínez Biotza Gutiérrez josep m.Del Bas Faidon magkos Francisca Serra Eurecat， Centre tecnològic de Catalunya， Biotechnology Area Avd Universitat 1 Laboratory of molecular Biology， Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics， Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation-NuBE)， University of the Balearic Islands Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)， Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) Alimentómica S.L.， Camí de na Pontons.s/n (Pol.11，Parc 3) Department of Nutrition， Exercise and Sports， Faculty of Science， University of Copenhagen Department of Clinical Nutrition， College of Applied medical Sciences， King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences R&D， Food & Culinary Department Simple Feast Leitat Technological Center C/Innovació 2 Creaciones Aromáticas Industriales SA， Cuatrecasas i Arumí， Sant Quirze del Valles

Deep phenotyping and genetic characterization of individuals are fundamental to assessing the metabolic status and determining nutrition-specific requirements. This study aimed to ascertain the utmost effectiveness of personalized interventions by aligning dietary adjustments with both the genotype and metabolotype of individuals. Therefore， we assessed here the usefulness of a polygenic score (PGS) characterizing a potential pro-inflammatory profile (PGSi) as a nutrigenetic tool to discern individuals from the Danish PREVENTOmICS cohort that could better respond to precision nutrition (PN) plans， specifically targeted at counteracting the low-grade inflammatory profile typically found in obesity. The cohort followed a PN plan to counteract the pro-inflammatory profile (PNi group) or generic dietary recommendations (Control) for 10 weeks. PGSi was applied for genetic stratification (Low/High). The effects of the intervention on anthropometrics and biomarkers related to inflammatory profile and carbohydrate metabolism were assessed. Around 30% of subjects had a high genetic predisposition to pro-inflammatory status (high-PGSi). These individuals demonstrated the most effective response to the dietary plan， experiencing improved body composition， with significant decreases in body weight (△: -4.84%; p=0.039) and body fat (△: -4.86%; p=0.007)， and beneficial changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers， with significant increases in IL-10 (△: 71.3%; p=0.025) and decreases in TNF-α (△: -3.0%; p=0.048)， CRP (△: -31.1%)， ICAm1 (△: -5.8%)， and mCP1 (△: -4.2%) circulating levels， compared to low-PGSi individuals. Both phenotypic and genetic stratification contributed to a better understanding of metabolic heterogeneity in response to diet. This approach allows for refinement of the prediction of individual requirements and potentially for better management of obesity.

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Assessment of Climate Change in Nicaragua: Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature by Dynamical Downscaling over a 30-Year Horizon

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2016年第3期6卷 445-474页

作者： josep maria Solé Raúl Arasa miquel Picanyol mª Ángeles González Anna Domingo-Dalmau marta masdeu Ignasi Porras Bernat Codina Technical Department Meteosim S.L. Barcelona Spain Department of Astronomy and meteorology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

The present study has generated and analyzed Climate Change projections in Nicaragua for the period 2010-2040. The obtained results are to be used for evaluating and planning more resilient transport infrastructures in the next decades. This study has focused its efforts to pay attention into the effect of Climate Change on precipitation and temperature from a mean and extreme event perspective. Dynamical Downscaling approach on a 4 km resolution grid has been chosen as the most appropriate methodology for the estimation of the projected climate, being able to account for local-scale factors like complex topography or local land uses properly. We selected mPI-ESm-mR as the global climate model with the best skill scores in terms of precipitation and temperature in Nicaragua. mPI-ESm-mR was coupled to a mesoscale model. We chose WRF mesoescale model as the most appropriate regional model and we optimized their physical and dynamical options in order to minimize the model uncertainty in Nicaragua. For this, model output against the available in-situ measurements from the national meteorological station network and satellite data were compared. Climate change signal was estimated by comparing the different climate statistics calculated from a model run over an historical period, 1980-2009, with a model run over a projected period, 2010-2040. The obtained results from the projected climate show an increase of the mean temperature between 0.6°C and 0.8°C and an increase of the number of days per year with maximum daily temperatures higher than 35°C. Regarding precipitation, annual projected amounts do not change remarkably with respect to the historical period. However, significant changes in the distribution of the precipitation within the wet period (may-October) were observed. moreover, an increment between 5% and 10% of the number of days without precipitation is expected. Finally, Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) projected curves show an increment of the rainfall

关键词： WRF Climate Change Global Warming Dynamical Downscaling Precipitation Projections IDF

Depicting the battle between nectarine and monilinia laxa:the fruit developmental stage dictates the effectiveness of the host defenses and the pathogen’s infection strategies

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 619-633页

作者： marta Balsells-Llauradó Christian J.Silva josep Usall Núria Vall-llaura Sandra Serrano-Prieto Neus Teixidó Saskia D.mesquida-Pesci Antonieta de Cal Barbara Blanco-Ulate Rosario Torres IRTA XaRTA-PostharvestEdifici FruitcentreParc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida25003 LleidaCataloniaSpain Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Plant Protection INIACtra.de La Coruña Km.728040 MadridCommunity of MadridSpain

Infections by the fungus monilinia laxa,the main cause of brown rot in Europe,result in considerable losses of stone ***,we present a comprehensive transcriptomic approach to unravel strategies deployed by nectarine fruit and *** during their *** used ***-inoculated immature and mature fruit,which was resistant and susceptible to brown rot,respectively,to perform a dual RNA-Seq *** immature fruit,host responses,pathogen biomass,and pathogen transcriptional activity peaked at 14–24 h post inoculation(hpi),at which point *** appeared to switch its transcriptional response to either quiescence or *** fruit experienced an exponential increase in host and pathogen activity beginning at 6 *** analyses in both host and pathogen highlighted differences in stage-dependent *** example,in immature fruit,*** unsuccessfully employed carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZymes)for penetration,which the fruit was able to combat with tightly regulated hormone responses and an oxidative burst that challenged the pathogen’s survival at later time *** contrast,in mature fruit,*** was more dependent on proteolytic effectors than CAZymes,and was able to invest in filamentous growth early during the *** analyses of mature fruit infected with *** indicated that,while jasmonic acid activity was likely useful for defense,high ethylene activity may have promoted susceptibility through the induction of ripening ***,we identified *** genes that were highly induced in both quiescent and active infections and may serve as targets for control of brown rot.

关键词： fruit pathogen strategies

SUmOylation Inhibition mediated by Disruption of SUmO El-E2 Interactions Confers Plant Susceptibility to Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens

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molecular Plant 2017年第5期10卷 709-720页

作者： Laura Castano-miquel Abraham mas Ines Teixeira josep Segui Anna Perearnau Bhagyasree N. Thampi Arnaldo L. Schapire Natalia Rodrigo Gaelle La Verde Silvia manrique maria Coca L. maria Lois Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics - CRAG Edifici CRAG-Campus UAB Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vall~s) 08193 Barcelona Spain

Protein modification by SUmO modulates essential biological processes in eukaryotes. SUmOylation is facilitated by sequential action of the El-activating, E2-conjugating, and E3-1igase enzymes. In plants, SUmO regulates plant development and stress responses, which are key determinants in agricultural productivity. To generate additional tools for advancing our knowledge about the SUmO biology, we have developed a strategy for inhibiting in vivo SUmO conjugation based on disruption of SUmO El-E2 interactions through expression of E1 SAE2uFDct domain. Targeted mutagenesis and phylogenetic analyses revealed that this inhibition involves a short motif in SAE2uFDct highly divergent across kingdoms. Transgenic plants expressing the SAE2UFDCt domain displayed dose-dependent inhibition of SUmO conjugation, and have revealed the existence of a post-transcriptional mechanism that regulates SUmO E2 conjugating enzyme levels. Interestingly, these transgenic plants displayed increased suscep- tibility to necrotrophic fungal infections by Botrytis cinerea and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Early after fungal inoculation, host SUmO conjugation was post-transcriptionally downregulated, suggesting that targeting SUmOylation machinery could constitute a novel mechanism for fungal pathogenicity. These findings support the role of SUmOylation as a mechanism involved in plant protection from environmental stresses. In addition, the strategy for inhibiting SUmO conjugation in vivo described in this study might be applicable in important crop plants and other non-plant organisms regardless of their genetic complexity.

关键词： SUmQ inhibition development flowering necrotrophic fungi El-activating enzyme El-E2interaction disruption

New genes emerging for colorectal cancer predisposition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1961-1971页

作者： Clara Esteban-Jurado Pilar Garre maria Vila Juan José Lozano Anna Pristoupilova Sergi Beltrán Anna Abulí Jenifer muoz Francesc Balaguer Teresa Ocaa Antoni Castells josep m Piqué Angel Carracedo Clara Ruiz-Ponte Xavier Bessa montserrat Andreu Luis Bujanda Trinidad Caldés Sergi Castellví-Bel Department of Gastroenterology Hospital ClínicCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBEREHD)Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)University of Barcelona08036 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain molecular Oncology Laboratory Hospital Clínico San CarlosInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC)28040 MadridSpain Bioinformatics platform Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD)08036 BarcelonaSpain Centre Nacional d’Anàlisi Genòmica (CNAG) Parc Científic de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital del Mar-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Centre)Pompeu Fabra University08003 BarcelonaSpain Galician Public Foundation of Genomic medicine (FPGmX) Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Genomics Medicine GroupHospital ClínicoSantiago de CompostelaUniversity of Santiago de Compostela15706 GaliciaSpain Center of Excellence in Genomic medicine Research King Abdulaziz University21589 JeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Gastroenterology Department Hospital DonostiaNetworked Biomedical Research Centre for Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD)Basque Country University20080 San SebastiánSpain

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most frequent neoplasms and an important cause of mortality in the developed *** cancer is caused by both genetic and environmental factors although 35%of the variation in CRC susceptibility involves inherited genetic *** syndromes account for about5%of the total burden of CRC,with Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis the most common *** hereditary forms,there is an important fraction of CRC cases that present familial aggregation for the disease with an unknown germline genetic *** can be also considered as a complex disease taking into account the common diseasecommom variant hypothesis with a polygenic model of inheritance where the genetic components of common complex diseases correspond mostly to variants of low/moderate *** far,30 common,low-penetrance susceptibility variants have been identified for ***,new sequencing technologies including exomeand whole-genome sequencing have permitted to add a new approach to facilitate the identification of new genes responsible for human disease *** using whole-genome sequencing,germline mutations in the POLE and POLD1 genes have been found to be responsible for a new form of CRC genetic predisposition called polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasm, genetic predisposition to disease Next generation sequencing Genotype-phenotype correlation Genetic variant Single nucleotide polymorphism