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Tolerance to Salinity of Sesame Genotypes in Different Phenological Stages

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 1904-1920页

作者： Janivan fernandes Suassuna Pedro dantas fernandes Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito Nair Helena Castro Arriel Alberto Soares de Melo josely dantas fernandes Department of Biology State University of Paraiba UEPB Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande UFCG Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Science Federal University of Campina Grande UFCG Pombal Brazil Embrapa-Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agrobiology and Agriculture State University of Paraiba UEPB Lagoa Seca Brazil

The sesame crop is usually avoided in salt-affected areas because of the various effects of saline stress on plants. Besides varying between species, salinity effects are known to vary for genotypes of the same species as well as plant development stages. Thus, through the irrigation of plants with saline water, this study evaluates tolerance to saline stress of new sesame genotypes in different phenological stages. Three experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions, using the sesame genotypes BRS Seda, LAG-927561 and LAG-26514. Water with different levels of electrical conductivity (ECw = 0.6, 1.6, 2.6, 3.6 and 4.6 dS m-1) was used to irrigate plants during germination and initial growth stages, as well as the entire crop cycle. Tolerance to saline stress (3.6 dS m-1) during growth and production stages was also studied. Salinity did not affect sesame germination, but seedling growth was hindered from the ECw of 1.6 dS m-1 onwards, and plant height was the most affected growth variable. Seed production is affected by salinity, regardless of the phenological stage in which plants are exposed to salinity. The strains LAG-927561 and LAG-26514 show promising signs in studies on adaptation to saline stress.

关键词： Sesamum indicum Development Stages Saline Stress Relative Crop Yield

Growth and Production of Crambe Submitted to Doses of Nitrogen and Potassium

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第1期7卷 8-16页

作者： Ramara Sena de Souza Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves josely dantas fernandes Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraiba Campus II Lagoa Seca Brazil

The dependence on non-renewable fuels of countries around the world increased the interest for the gradual replacement of fossil fuels with renewable ones. Thus, several development programs for the use of renewable sources for power generation have been created and, in this perspective, biofuels have been highlighted. Crambe is an alternative crop for the production of biodiesel due to its rusticity, precocity, high oil content and adaptability to different climates. Optimum management practices of fertilizer use in crambe cultivation are little known and there are no specific recommendations for its fertilization. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the effects of mineral fertilizers concerning the nitrogen and potassium elements in the growth and production of crambe. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse, with a completely randomized design. Nitrogen doses used were 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg·ha-1and 50, 75, 100 to 125 kg·ha-1 for potassium. The increase in production was directly proportional to the increase in nitrogen levels. The potassium doses did not cause significant effect on the growth of crambe.

关键词： Biofuels Fertilization Crambe abyssinica N K

Crambe (<i>Crambe abyssinica</i>) Cultivation under Different Levels of Fertilization with Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2031-2039页

作者： Ana Carolina F. de Vasconcelos Lúcia Helena G. Chaves josely dantas fernandes Gilvanise Alves Tito Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil Department of Agroecology and Agropecuaria State University of Paraiba Paraiba State Brazil

The effects of fertilization on crambe are poorly understood;in this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the crambe growth under different levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 kg·ha-1), phosphorus (0, 50, 100, 150 kg·ha-1), and potassium (0, 30, 60, 90 kg·ha-1) in a greenhouse. The height of the plants, the production of dried biomass and that of 1000 grains of crambe were evaluated. The height of the plants was impaired as a function of increasing doses of nitrogen. The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus in the crambe crop increased the number of grains and dry shoot biomass. The growth and yield of the crop were not influenced by the use of potassium in mineral fertilization.

关键词： Biodiesel Semiarid Region Mineral Fertilization Crambe Growth

Effect of Copper, Zinc, Cadmium and Chromium in the Growth of Crambe

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第11期5卷 975-983页

作者： Gilvanise Alves Tito Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves josely dantas fernandes Danilo Rodrigues Monteiro Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande (DEAG/UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil Center of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences State University of Paraiba Lagoa Seca Brazil

Crambe is a promising crop for biodiesel production. However, there is no much information available about techniques and research regarding the best performance in different regions to explore its potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cadmium, chromium, copper and zinc in the development of crambe. The study was carried out in a greenhouse and it consisted of four independent experiments in completely randomized design, with three replications. Four metals with five levels were applied: 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg·kg-1 for copper, cadmium, chromium;and 0, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg·kg-1 for zinc, in order to evaluate the growth of crambe. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey test at 1 and 5% significance. Despite doses of cadmium, chromium, copper and zinc in growing crambe have influenced in some of the evaluated variables of the plants, in general, their development was similar in relation to doses and the metals applied. The importance of cultivating crambe is related to grain production, based on this, copper and cadmium decreased this production.

关键词： Heavy Metals Biodiesel Oleaginous

Influence of Bentonite and MB4 on the Chemical Characteristics of an Oxisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第5期10卷 651-664页

作者： Gilvanise Alves Tito Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves Felipe Guedes Souza Ant?nio Ramos Cavalcante josely dantas fernandes Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande(DEAG/UFCG)Campina GrandeBrazil Center of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences State University of ParaibaLagoa SecaBrazil

The growing concern with the quality of life and the environment, due to the degradation of natural resources and their contamination, mainly with agrochemicals, led to the emergence of a sustainable or alternative agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of increasing doses of bentonite and MB4 on the availability of nutrients to the soil. The experiment consisted of a 4 × 4 factorial, bentonite doses (0, 30, 60 and 90 t⋅ha−1) and MB4 doses (0, 3, 6 and 9 t⋅ha−1) with three replications. The soil mixtures with the treatments were conditioned in the plastic pots, incubated for 90 days in a greenhouse, and chemically analyzed. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means by the Tukey test. Increasing doses of bentonite and MB4 promoted an increase in the calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) in the soil sample either alone or the mixture of two factors, except for the mixture of the Ca Mg doses. Increasing doses of bentonite increased the cation exchange capacity of the soil, favoring the availability of nutrients in the soil. The increasing doses of MB4 favored the increase of the pH values and, consequently, decreased the soil potential acidity values for the applied bentonite doses. On the other hand, these treatments decreased the cation exchange capacity of the soil.

关键词： Soil Conditioner Nutrients Rock Dust

Using Poultry Litter Biochar and Rock Dust MB-4 on Release Available Phosphorus to Soils

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1367-1374页

作者： Jacqueline da Silva Mendes Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves Iêde de Brito Chaves Francisco de Assis Santos e Silva josely dantas fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Federal University of Paraiba Areia Brazil State University of Paraiba Lagoa Seca Brazil

Highly weathered soils in areas from Brazil are acidic soils, typically characterized by poor fertility, particularly with low soil phosphorus level. This laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the influences of biochar, made from the poultry litter and MB-4, rock dust from grinding of silicate rocks in increasing the available soil phosphorus on Ultisol, Oxisol and Entisol. Thus, one experiment involving soils incubation was conducted in laboratory, during 100 days. The treatments consisted of rock powder, MB-4 and poultry litter, biochar, evaluated by the base saturation method, with correction levels from 40% to 80% for Ultisol and Entisol and from 20% to 80% for Oxisol and three replicates. After the incubation period, the soil samples were analyzed in relation to available phosphorus in the soil. The results of this study confirmed that the biochar prepared from the poultry litter through slow pyrolysis was a potential source of phosphorus, particularly to weathered soils. Biochar released phosphorus into the soils. The biochar could be used in the improvement of available phosphorus for the three soils analyzed. During the incubation period, 100 days, the application of increasing doses of MB-4 in soils there was no improvement in the available soil phosphorus. MB-4 was not a source of phosphorus to the soil in a short term.

关键词： Soil Amendment Biochar Poultry Litter Phosphorus Rock Dust

Growth of Pepper under Different Concentration of the Solutions Used in the Hydroponic System

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 925-935页

作者： Felipe Guedes de Souza Guilherme de Freitas Furtado Antonio Ramos Cavalcante Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves josely dantas fernandes José Amilton Santos Júnior Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Water availability is a fundamental condition for sustainable agriculture. However, a satisfactory water condition is not always possible in terms of quantity and quality in certain regions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, the purpose of this extremely important research was to evaluate the growth of cv. All Big with six combinations of wastewater plus saline (WW + SW) and two nutrient solution percentages, in a low-cost hydroponic system. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Department of Agricultural Engineering at Federal University of Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme (6 × 2), with 5 replications, being the treatments composed by the combination of six proportions of wastewater with saline water (50%/50%;60%/40%;70%/30%;80%/20%;90%/10%;100% of wastewater) and two nutrient solution concentration (80% and 100%), totalizing 60 experimental units. The biometric variables were analyzed at 55 and 96 days after sowing, namely: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf number (LN) and leaf area (LA). The interaction between the concentration of the nutrient solution and the ratio of the saline water with wastewater was influenced in the behavior of peppers (cv. All Big) biometric variables. The nutrient solution prepared at 80% of its normal concentration had better performance in the development of plants when mixed with the proportions of water containing more wastewater. The proportion 30% saline water and 70% wastewater (30/70) with concentration of 80% of the nutrient solution obtained better satisfactory results in the studied biometric variables.

关键词： Capsicum annuum L. Saline Water Wastewater Nutrient Solution

Melon Seedlings Phytomass under Poultry Litter Biochar Doses

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 181-197页

作者： Laysa Gabryella de Souza Laurentino Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves Antônio Ramos Cavalcante Jean Pereira Guimarães Felipe Guedes de Souza Washington Benevenuto de Lima Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra josely dantas fernandes Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande (DEAG/UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil

The use of organic waste for the preparation of seedling substrates is an important environmental and economic option. In this perspective, substrates using biochar emerges as an alternative for seedling production due to their favorable physical and chemical characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of doses of poultry litter biochar as a substrate constituent for the production and quality of the seedlings. The work was conducted in a semi protected environment, belonging to the Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG. The statistical design used was completely randomized in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of 6 doses of biochar (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 t∙ha−1) and two varieties of melon (Yellow and Hales Best Jumbo) with 4 repetitions totaling 48 experimental units. The fresh and dry plant phytomass mass (aerial, roots and total), root length and the quality of seedlings were evaluated. It was concluded that the addition of poultry litter biochar to the substrate was beneficial, promoting an increase in the analyzed seedling variables, being the ideal dose for good development of melon seedlings 12 t∙ha−1. The Yellow variety presented a better response than the Hales Best Jumbo to the charcoal application. Considering the advantages of the use of poultry litter biochar on the substrate composition, found in the present study, its utilization constitutes a viable alternative for the development of melon seedlings and for the environmental disposal of the poultry litter.

关键词： Biochar Cucumis melo L. Nutrition Alternative Substrate

Different no-till grain production systems with Urochloa *** soil microbial community structure,biomass and activity in a tropical Ultisol

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 119-129页

作者： Matheus Emannuel Oliveira Vieira Lucas dantas Lopes France Mario Costa Viviane Talamini Edson Patto Pacheco Marcelo Ferreira fernandes PPGAGRI Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondons/n-49100-000-Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Av Govemador Paulo Barreto de Menezesn°3250-49025-040-AracajuSEBrazil

Integrated grain cropping systems promote soil health(SH)and *** biomass and activity(MBA)and community structure(MCS)are key to *** of maize with Urochloa pastures strongly impacts MBA and *** is more sensitive than MCS to shifts in grain cropping *** under continuous Urochloa increased microbial activity and AMF *** soils are prone to *** of conservation agricultural practices is essential to improve soil health,which is influenced by soil *** this study we analyzed shifts in microbial biomass and activity(MBA)and microbial community structure(MCS)based on fatty acid methyl esthers(FAMEs)between five no-till agricultural practices:maize monoculture(MM);maize annualy intercropped with Urochloa decumbens(M/Ud);M/Ud with soybean rotation every other year(M/Ud-S);M/Ud keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ud-Ud-Ud);and maize intercropped with *** keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ur-Ur-Ur).Results indicated that MBA was affected by the inclusion of Urochloa intercropping and by rotation with *** under a longer residence time with Urochloa in the field had higherβ-glucosidase activity and soil basal respiration,indicating a greater microbial *** was less affected than MBA by the investigated cropping *** changed only in the continuous pasture systems,which were enriched in arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi(AMF).Additionally,the continuous pasture systems had lower microbial stress ratios than the other agricultural *** sum,our study showed that utilization of Urochloa *** longer periods in no-till agricultural practices contributes to increase microbial activity,AMF abundance and decrease microbial stress *** changes are primarily beneficial for soil health.

关键词： crop-pasture integration crop rotation no-tillage soil health microbial ecology