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Visual grading criteria for Japanese larch ( Larix kaempferi ) structural timber from Spain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2605-2614页

作者： Mari-jose Barriola José-Ramón Aira Edgar Lafuente Tknika LHri Aplikatutako Ikerketa eta Berrikuntzako EAEko zentroaZamalbide Auzoa z/g20100 ErrenteriaGipuzkoaSpain Escuela de Ingeniería de la Industria Forestal Agronómica y de la BioenergíaUniversidad de ValladolidUVa-Campus Duques de Sorias/n42005 SoriaSpain Cesefor Centro de Servicios y Promoción Forestal y de su Industria de Castilla y LeónCalle C42005 SoriaSpain

Larch wood is structurally classifi ed in many countries as one of conifers with the highest load-bearing capacity(strength class of C30).The Spanish visual classifi cation regulation only assigns a strength class to 4 pine woods:Laricio pine(Pinus nigra ***),Silvestre pine(Pinus sylvestris L.),Radiata pine(Pinus radiata ***),and Pinaster pine(Pinus pinaster Ait.).This work adds to the number of structurally characterised species by creating a visual classifi cation table for Japanese larch wood(Larix kaempferi(Lamb.)Carr.)which diff erentiates between 2 visual classes,MEG-1 and *** strength values were calculated for each class(fk,MEG-1=31.80 MPa,f k,MEG-2=24.55 MPa),mean module of elasticity(E 0,mean,MEG-1=13,082 MPA,E 0,mean,MEG-2=12,320 MPA)and density(ρk,MEG-1=456.6 kg m−3,ρk,MEG-2=469.1 kg m−3),before fi nally assigning a strength class of C30 to visual class MEG-1,and a strength class of C24 to visual class MEG-2.

关键词： Japanese larch wood Visual grading Strength class Mechanical properties Density

Image processing methods to evaluate tomato and zucchini damage in post-harvest stages

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第5期10卷 126-133页

作者： José Antonio Alvarez-Bermejo Cynthia Giagnocavo Li Ming Encarnación Castillo morales Diego P.morales Santos Yang Xinting Department of Informatics CeiA3University of AlmeriaAlmeriaCP 04120Spain Cátedra(Chair)Coexphal-UAL of Horticulture Cooperative Studies and Sustainable DevelopmentUniversity of AlmeríaSpain Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture/national Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture/national Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability/Key Laboratory for Information Technologies in Agriculture Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100097China Department of Electronics and Computer Technology Facultad de CienciasGranadaCP 18071Spain

Through the supply chain,the quality or quality change of the products can generate important *** quality control in some steps is made manually that supposes a high level of subjectivity,controlling the quality and its evolution using automatic systems can suppose a reduction of the *** some automatic image analysis techniques in the case of tomatoes and zucchini is the main objective of this *** steps in the supply chain are considered,the feeding of the raw products into the handling chain(because low quality generates a reduction of the chain productivity)and the cool storage of the processed products(as the value at the market is reduced).It was proposed to analyze the incoming products at the head the processing line using CCD cameras to detect low quality and/or dirty products(corresponding to specific farmers/suppliers,it should be asked to improve to maintain the productivity of the line).The second stage is analyzing the evolution of the products along the cool chain(storage and transport),the use of an App developed to be use under Android was proposed to substitute the“visual”evaluation used in *** algorithms used,including stages of pre-treatment,segmentation,analysis and presentation of the results take account of the short time available and the limited capacity of the *** performance techniques were applied to the homography stage to discard some of the images,resulting in better *** threads and renderscript kernels were created to parallelize the methods used on the resulting images being able to inspect faster the *** proposed method achieves success rates comparable to,and improving,the expert inspection.

关键词： image processing color space smartphone efficient stitching homography controlled supervision artificial vision embedded parallel processing injury assessment traceability post-harvest control feature detection

Current status and potential of morphometric sperm analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 863-870页

作者： Alejandro Maroto-morales Olga Garcia-Alvarez Manuel Ramon Felipe Martinez-Pastor M Rocio Fernandez-Santos A josefa Soler jose Julian Garde SaBio IREC (CSIC - UCLM -JCCM) Albacete Spain Biomedical Center Medical Faculty in Pilsen Charles University in Prague Pilsen Czech Republic Regional Center of Animal Selection and Reproduction (CERSYRA) JCCM Valdepenas Spain 4Institute for Animal Health and Cattle Development University of Leon LeOn Spain Department of Molecular Biology University of Leon Leon Spain Faculty of Pharmacy (UCLM) Albacete Spain

The spermatozoon is the most diverse cell type known and this diversity is considered to reflect differences in sperm function. How the diversity in sperm morphology arose during speciation and what role the different specializations play in sperm function, however, remain incompletely characterized. This work reviews the hypotheses proposed to explain sperm morphological evolution, with a focus on some aspects of sperm morphometric evaluation; the ability of morphometrics to predict sperm cryoresistance and male fertility is also discussed. For this, the evaluation of patterns of change of sperm head morphometry throughout a process, instead of the study of the morphometric characteristics of the sperm head at different stages, allows a better identification of the males with different sperm cryoconservation ability. These new approaches, together with more studies employing a greater number of individuals, are needed to obtain novel results concerning the role of sperm morphometry on sperm function. Future studies should aim at understanding the causes of sperm design diversity and the mechanisms that generate them, giv.ng increased attention to other sperm structures besides the sperm head. The implementation of scientific and technological advances could benefit the simultaneous examination of sperm phenotype and sperm function, demonstrating that sperm morphometry could be a useful tool for sperm assessment.

关键词： computer-assisted sperm morphometric analysis mammals sperm function sperm morphometry

The role of shaded cocoa plantations in the maintenance of epiphytic orchids and their interactions with phorophytes

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 27-35页

作者： Jonas morales-Linares joséGGarcía-Franco Alejandro Flores-Palacios Thorsten Krömer Tarin Toledo-Aceves Red de Ecología Funcional Instituto de EcologíaA.C.Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351El HayaXalapa 91070VeracruzMexico Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62209MorelosMexico Present address:Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62209MorelosMéxico Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales Universidad VeracruzanaJoséMaría Morelos 44-46Zona CentroXalapa 91000VeracruzMexico

Aims Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main threats to biodiversity in tropical *** such as shaded cocoa plantations(SCP)provide refuge for tropical forest ***,it is poorly known whether the interspecific ecological interactions are also maintained in these transformed *** evaluated the diversity,reproductive status and photosynthetic metabolism(CAM or C3)of the epiphytic orchid community,and their interactions with host trees(phorophytes)in SCP compared to tropical rainforest(TRF).Methods In southeastern Mexico,three sites each in TRF and SCP were studied,with four 400 m2 plots established at each site to record all orchids and their *** determined the reproductive(adult)or non-reproductive(juvenile)status of each orchid individual in relation to the presence or absence,respectively,of flowers/fruits(or remnants),and assigned the photosynthetic pathway of each orchid species based in *** used true diversity and ecological networks approaches to analyze orchid diversity and orchid–phorophyte interactions,*** Findings In total,607 individuals belonging to 47 orchid species were *** diversity was higher in TRF(19 effective species)than in SCP(11 effective species)and only seven species were shared between the two *** orchid species were more frequent in SCP(53%)than in TRF(14%).At the community level the proportion of non-reproductive and reproductive orchid species and the nested structure and specialization level of the TRF orchid–phorophyte network were maintained in ***,only a subset of TRF epiphytic orchids remains in SCP,highlighting the importance of protecting *** this difference,shaded agroecosystems such as SCP can maintain some of the diversity and functions of natural forests,since the SCP epiphytic orchid community,mainly composed of CAM species,and its phorophytes constitute a nested interaction network,which would confer robustness to d

关键词： agroecosystem ecological networks Mexico photosynthetic pathway tropical rainforest

Highly graphitized carbon nanosheets with embedded ni nanocrystals as anode for Li-ion batteries

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nano Research 2020年第1期13卷 86-94页

作者： Francisco Javier Soler-Piña Celia Hernández-Rentero Alvaro Caballero Julián morales Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón Jesús Canales-Vázquez Dpto.Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química Instituto de Química Fina y NanoquímicaUniversidad de Córdoba14071CórdobaSpain Dpto.Química Inorgánica Cristalografía y MineralogíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Málaga29071MálagaSpain Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaPaseo de La Investigación 102071AlbaceteSpain

A C/ni composite was prepared via thermal decomposition of a nickel oleate complex at 700℃,yielding disperse ni nanocrystals with an average size of 20 nm,encapsulated by carbon nanosheets as deduced from transmission electron microscopy(TEM)images and confirmed from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Furthermore,the X-ray diffraction pattern revealed a good ordering of the carbon layers,forced by the ni encapsulation to adopt a bending *** the close interaction between the graphitized framework and the metallic nanoparticles we have studied the properties of the composite as an anode for Li-ion *** with other nanostructured synthetic carbons,this carbon composite has a low voltage hysteresis and a modest irreversible capacity value,properties that play a significant role in its behaviour as electrodes in full cell *** moderate rate values,0.25 C,the electrode delivers an average capacity value around 723 mAh·g^−1 on cycling,among the highest values so far reported for this carbon *** higher rate values,1 C,the average capacity values delivered by the cell on cycling decrease,around 205 mAh·g^−1,but it maintains good capacity retention,a coulombic efficiency close to 100%after the first cycles and recovery of the capacity values when the rate is restored from 3 to 0.1 C.

关键词： carbon nanosheets nickel nanoparticles anode lithium batteries

Effects of small-scale disturbances and elevation on the morphology,phenology and reproduction of a successful geophyte

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第1期2卷 13-20页

作者： Daniel Gomez-Garcıa jose´Azorın AJavier Aguirre Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologı´a-CSIC Apartado.64E-22700 JacaHuescaSpain A´rea de Ingenierı´a Agroforestal.EPSH Universidad de Zaragoza.Ctra Cuarte s/n.E-22071 HuescaSpain

Aims We aimed to find out how a geophyte,Merendera montana,occupies a wide ecological,elevational and climatic *** occurrence in that environmental array is outstanding not only among geophytes but also in the whole flora of the Iberian Peninsula,where only a very few plants show such an apparent ***,we compared morphological and reproductive traits,and frequency of different types of reproduction in disturbed and undisturbed ***,we have analyzed the phenology of this plant by trying to understand how it manages to spread in an exceptional elevational gradient of 2000 m,with contrasting climatic regimes between the mediterranean and the alpine *** We measured the plant density of *** populations in different types of Pyrenean grasslands either with or without small-scale disturbances at seven sites from the basal to the alpine belt(400–2300 m a.s.l.).In each one of these populations,100 individuals—1200 in total—were uprooted to measure their morphological features as well as type and occurrence of ***(flowering and fruiting dates and leaf lifespan)was estimated using 5 years of records in the studied areas and>200 herbarium sheets from the whole altitudinal rank and collected in the last 30 *** in plant densities were analyzed with non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test;differences in morphological traits,fruit and seed production associated with disturbance,with one-way analysis of covariance test(general linear model).Finally,linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationships between clonal reproduction and elevation and those between flowering,fruiting and senescence and date and *** Findings In all cases,plant density in disturbed grasslands was significantly higher than in undisturbed *** height and weight,bulb depth,leaf width and bulb and root weight were higher in disturbed *** and undisturbed plots were similar

关键词： Spanish Pyrenees Merendera montana functional traits disturbed grasslands

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon stock in an olive orchard at catchment scale in Southern Spain

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 311-326页

作者： jose A.Gòmez Gema Guzmán Tom Vanwalleghem Karl Vanderlinden Institute for Sustainable Agriculture.Spanish national Research Council(IAS-CSIC) Alameda del Obispo S/N14004CordobaSpain Department of Agronomy University of CordobaCampus de Rabanales14071CordobaSpain Centro IFAPA Alameda del Obispo 14004CordobaSpain

Orchards have a high potential for carbon ***,little research is available on the spatial variability at catchment scale and on the difference between the tree area and the *** analyzed theik spatial variability of soil organic carbon stock,SOCstock at 90 cm depth in an 8-ha catchment in Southern Spain with olives on a vertic *** showed higher soil organic carbon concentration,SOC,in the tree area as compared to the lane up to 60 cm depth,but its impact on SOCstock was negligible since it was compensated by the higher soil bulk density in the *** at different depths was correlated with that in the top 0-5 *** overall SOCstock of the orchard was 4.14 kg m^(-2),ranging between 1.8 and 6.0 kg m^(-2).This SOCstock is in the mid-lower range of values reported for olive orchards,measured at smaller scale,and similar to those other intensive field crops and agroforestry under comparable rainfall *** spatial variability in SOCstock was correlated to several geomorphological variables:elevation,cumulative upstream area,topographic wetness index,sediment transport index,and tillage *** in SOC and SOCstock are driv.n by the sediment redis-tribution downslope,mainly by tillage erosion,and higher soil water availability in lower areas allowing higher biomass *** topographic indexes and the correlation between SOC in the topsoil and SOCstock up to 90 cm should be further explored in other typology of olive orchards for facilitating the mapping of SOC_(stock).

关键词： Carbon sequestration Mediterraneancrops Catchment Spatial variability Vertic soils

The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on digestion and mortality in the volcano rabbit(Romerolagus diazi)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 520-525页

作者： Rogelio Campos-morales Germán D Mendoza Javier Ojeda Fernando X Plata José A Martínez nutrition Area Surveillance General Direction of Zoos Mexico from City and Wildlife México Master Program in Animal and Agricultural Sciences Metropolitan Autonomous University (Xochimilco Unit)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate whether supplementation with a probiotic could enhance digestion and reduce mortality in the volcano rabbit in captivity. Two enclosures at Chapultepec Zoo, Mexico（114 individuals） were used in a crossover design（two periods of 60 days） with the following treatments： control group and supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae（2×108 CFU/exhibit/day）. Supplementation with the probiotic negatively affected（P〈0.01） the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber（nDF） and energy. Mortality increased（P〈0.04） following supplementation with the probiotic（4.26% vs. 8.89%）, primarily in the juvenile rabbits. The results indicate that yeast supplementation in the volcano rabbit negatively affects digestion and mortality in captivity.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae volcano rabbit digestibility mortality

new Framework Based on Fusion Information from Multiple Landslide Data Sources and 3D Visualization

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第1期31卷 159-168页

作者： Fermin Villalpando jose Tuxpan jose Alfredo Ramos-Leal Simon Carranco-Lozada Division of Applied Geosciences Scientific and Technological Research Institute of San Luis PotosiSan Luis Potosi 78216Mexico Catedras-COnA CyT National Council for Science and TechnologyCDMX 03940Mexico Centre for Scientific and Technological Studies National Polytechnic InstituteGuanajuato 37358Mexico

Recent monitoring techniques employ multiple sources of information for the characterization of the phenomenon to be studied, being the coupling and adjustment of multi-source data one of the first challenges to consider and solve. The authors propose a new framework of the multi-source and multi-temporal data-oriented fusion for the characterization of landslide events. The main objective is to generate 3D virtual models(in the form of dense point clouds) and feed them back with the characteristic of soil and subsoil information. The scheme consists of three main steps. The first one is on-site data collection(geological characterization, geophysical measurements, GPS measurements, and UAV/drone mapping). The second step is generation of a high-resolution 3D virtual model(~1-inch spatial resolution) from the frames acquired through the UAV using the structure of motion(SfM) processing;the developed virtual model is optimized with GPS measurements to minimize geolocation error and eliminate distortions. The last step is assembling of the acquired data in the field and densified point cloud considering the different nature of the data, re-escalating procedure and the information stacking layer.

关键词： 3D model natural risk geophysical/geological techniques unmanned aerial vehicle fusion data