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Extreme Rainfall Indices in the Hydrographic Basins of Brazil

Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2014年第1期4卷 10-26页

作者： María c.Valverde jose A.Marengo Urban and Environmental Engineering Federal University of ABC(UFABC)Santo AndréBrazil center for Earth System Science National Institute for Space Research(INPE)Sao Josédos CamposBrazil

The authors analyze climate extremes indices (cEI) of rainfall over the largest basins of the Brazilian territory: Amazon (AMA), S?o Francisco (SF), Tocantins (TO) and Paraná (PAR) rivers. The cEI represent the frequency of heavy precipitation events (R30mm and R95p) and short duration extreme rainfall (RX5day and RX1day). Droughts (cDDd) are identified based on two indicators: The longest dry period (cDD) and the annual cycle. The results demonstrate that cDDd, RX1day and RX5day occurred with more frequency and intensity in SF basin during El Ni?o events. cDDd was of greater magnitude in the TO basin during La Ni?a events, while an increase of RX1day occurred in El Ni?o. The strong El Ni?o events (1983 and 1997) caused more intense and frequent RX1day and R30mm over the PAR basin. Amazon droughts occurred in two out of the six El Ni?o events. Moreover, the relationship between the positive (negative) sea superficial temperatures anomalies in North (South) Tropical Atlantic and drought in AMA basin was corroborated. A gradual warming of SST was observed at the start of 2003 until it achieved a maximum in 2005 associated with the southwestern Amazon drought. The second highest anomaly of SST was in 2010 linked with drought that was more spatially extensive than the 2005 drought. The spatial distribution of annual trends showed a significant increase of cDD in south-eastern AMA, Upper SF, northern PAR and throughout the TO basins. R20mm, RX1day and RX5day tend to increase significantly in southwestern (northeast) PAR (AMA) and northwestern TO basins. comparisons between cEI derived from daily precipitation data from climate Prediction center (cPcp) and of the ETA_HadcM3 model showed that the model overestimated RX1day, RX5day and cDD, in the four basins. Future scenarios show that dry periods will occur with greatest magnitude in all the basins until 2071-2099 time slice, while RX1day will be more intense in the TO and SF basins.

关键词： climate Extreme Indices Future Scenarios of climate Hydrological Basins of Brazil ETA_HadcM3 Model

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characterization of a 3-Phase a.c. Free Burning Arc Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第2期8卷 156-163页

作者：夏维东 Laurent FULcHERI jose GONZALEZ-AGUILAR 李辉 Thomas M. GRUENBERGER University of Science" and Technology of china Hefei 230027 China. centre for Energy Studies Ecole des Mines de Paris Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France University of Science and Technology of china Hefei 230027 China.

A 3-phase a.c. arc plasma reactor with large volume plasma has been developed for the synthesis of new carbon nano-structures. One of the main characteristics of the plasma system is related to the absence of a fixed neutral point. This gives rise to a rich and complex phenomenology related to instabilities and arc motion since the arcs are ＂burning＂ freely in the gas flow between the three electrodes. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the behavior of such a system under typical conditions using argon and nitrogen as plasma gases. A classification of are configuration, arc commutating, arc interaction, arc motion and arc instabilities are discussed based on ultra high-speed cine camera analysis. A simple model describing the time evolution of the system is also presented and compared with the experimental measurements. The results show that an adequate control could allow the improvement of the overall system.

关键词： 3-phase Ac arc plasma free arc arc motion arc commutating arc instabilities

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Molecular therapeutic strategies targeting pancreatic cancer induced cachexia

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2018年第9期10卷 95-106页

作者： Anastasiya Yakovenko Miles cameron jose Gilberto Trevino University of Florida college of Medicine GainesvilleFlorida 32610United States Department of Surgery University of Florida Health Sciences CenterGainesvilleFlorida 32610United States

Pancreatic cancer(Pc) induced cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and reduced quality of life. The pathophysiology of cachexia is complex and poorly understood. Many molecular signaling pathways are involved in Pc and cachexia. Though our understanding of cancer cachexia is growing, therapeutic options remain limited. Thus, further discovery and investigation of the molecular signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of cachexia can be applied to development of targeted therapies. This review focuses on three main pathophysiologic processes implicated in the development and progression of cachexia in Pc, as well as their utility in the discovery of novel targeted therapies. Skeletal muscle wasting is the most prominent pathophysiologic anomaly in cachectic patients and driven by multiple regulatory pathways. Several known molecular pathways that mediate muscle wasting and cachexia include transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β), myostatin and activin, IGF-1/PI3 K/AKT, and JAK-STAT signaling. TGF-β antagonism in cachectic mice reduces skeletal muscle catabolism and weight loss, while improving overall survival. Myostatin/activin inhibition has a great therapeutic potential since it plays an essential role in skeletal muscle regulation. Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) leads to increased ubiquitination associated proteolysis, inhibition of myogenesis, and decreased muscle mass in Pc induced cachexia. IGFBP-3 antagonism alleviates muscle cell *** component of cachexia is profound systemic inflammation driven by pro-cachectic cytokines such as interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factoralpha(TNF-α), and interferon gamma(INF-γ). IL-6 antagonism has been shown to reduce inflammation, reduce skeletal muscle loss, and ameliorate cachexia. While TNF-α inhibitors are clinically available, blocking TNF-α signaling is not effective in the treatment of c

关键词： cachexia Muscle wasting Pancreatic cancer cachexia therapies Molecular signaling

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Geodesic Vulnerability Approach for Identification of critical Buses in Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and clean Energy 2021年第1期9卷 37-45页

作者： Jesus Beyza Eduardo Garcia-Paricio Hector F.Ruiz jose M.Yusta Instituto Tecnologico de Morelia Avenida Tecnologico 1500Lomas de Santiaguito58120Mexico the Department of Electrical Engineering University of ZaragozaC/Maria de Luna 350018Spain

One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of critical buses. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new methodology that evaluates the substitution of the power flow technique by the geodesic vulnerability index to identify critical nodes in power *** methods are applied comparatively to demonstrate the scope of the proposed approach. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the IEEE 118-bus test system as a case study. To identify the critical components, a node is initially disconnected, and the performance of the resulting topology is evaluated in the face of simulations for multiple cascading faults. cascading events are simulated by randomly removing assets on a system that continually changes its structure with the elimination of each component. Thus, the classification of the critical nodes is determined by evaluating the resulting performance of 118 different topologies and calculating the damaged area for each of the disintegration curves of cascading failures. In summary, the feasibility and suitability of complex network theory are justified to identify critical nodes in power systems.

关键词： Power system critical node complex network theory cascading failure load flow

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Real-time cell analysis and heat shock protein gene expression in the TcA Tribofium castaneum cell line in response to environmental stress conditions

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 358-370页

作者： Andres Garcia-Reina Maria Juliana Rodriguez-Garcia Guillermo Ramis jose Galian Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology University of MurciaCampus Mare Nostrum E-30100 Murcia Spain Department of Animal Production Faculty of Veterinary University of MurciaCampus Mare Nostrum E-30100 Murcia Spain

The rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （Herbst, 1797）（coleoptera： Tenebrionidae）, is a pest of stored grain and one of the most studied insect model species. Some of the previous studies involved heat response studies in terms of survival and heat shock protein expression, which are regulated to protect other proteins against environ- mental stress conditions. In the present study, we characterize the impedance profile with the xcELLigence Real-Time cell Analyzer and study the effect of increased temperature in cell growth and viability in the cell line BcIRL-TcA-cLG 1 （TcA） of T castaneum. This novel system measures cells behavior in real time and is applied for the first time to insect cells. Additionally, cells are exposed to heat shock, increased salinity, acidic pH and UV-A light with the aim of measuring the expression levels of lisp27, Hsp68a, and Hsp83 genes. Results show a high thermotolerance of TeA in terms of cell growth and viability. This result is likely related to gene expression results in which a significant up-regulation of all studied Hsp genes is observed after 1 h of exposure to 40 ~c and UV light. All 3 genes show similar expression patterns, but Hsp27 seems to be the most affected. The results of this study validate the RTcA method and reveal the utility of insect cell lines, real-time analysis and gene expression studies to better understand the physiological response of insect cells, with potential applications in different fields of biology such as conservation biology and pest management.

关键词： environmental stress gene expression heat shock proteins insect cells,real-time cell analysis (RTcA) red flour beetle

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Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 526-533页

作者： Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem jose S Martínez castaeda Luis M camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan c Vázquez chagoyán Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Autonomous University of Guerrero Dairy Science Department National Research Centre

For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial（DFM） can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria（LAB）, lactic acid utilizing bacteria（LUB）, or other microorganism＇s species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance.

关键词： direct-fed microbial(DFM) mode of action ruminants

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ABAting the Response:A Novel ABA Signal Terminator that Disrupts the Hormone co-receptor complex

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Molecular Plant 2020年第9期13卷 1241-1243页

作者： Akhtar Ali jose M.Pardo Dae-Jin Yun Institute of Glocal Disease control Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Science&Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029South Korea Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis cicCartujaCSIC-Universidad de SevillaAmericoVespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain

The phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)regulates multiple physiological processes such as embryo morphogenesis,seed maturation and germination,leaf senescence,fruit ripening,and stress adaptation(Gupta et al.,2020).ABA levels quickly rise in response to conditions leading to water deficit,including the developmental processes of seed drying and dormancy,as well as early post-germinative growth(chen et al.,2020).Several proteins,commonly regarded as the ABA signaling core components,have been identified.

关键词： Gupta Signal complex

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current impact of viral hepatitis on liver cancer development: The challenge remains

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第24期27卷 3556-3567页

作者： Ângelo Zambam de Mattos jose D Debes Andre Boonstra Ju-Dong Yang Domingo c Balderramo Giovana D P Sartori Angelo Alves de Mattos Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Brazil Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam NL-3015Netherlands Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Department of MedicineCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Privado Universitario de CórdobaCórdoba 5016Argentina Department of Medicine Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de CórdobaCórdoba 5016Argentina Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Nossa Senhora da ConceiçãoPorto Alegre 91350-200Brazil

chronic infections due to hepatitis B and hepatitis c viruses are responsible for most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)worldwide,and this association is likely to remain during the next ***,viral hepatitis-related Hcc imposes an important burden on public health in terms of disability-adjusted life *** order to reduce such a burden,some major challenges must be *** vaccination against hepatitis B virus,especially in the neonatal period,is probably the most relevant primary preventive measure against the development of ***,considering the large adult population already infected with hepatitis B and c viruses,it is also imperative to identify these individuals to ensure their access to *** hepatitis B and c currently have highly effective therapies,which are able to diminish the risk of development of liver ***,it is essential for individuals at high-risk of Hcc to be included in surveillance programs,so that tumors are detected at an early *** with hepatitis B or c and advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis benefit from being followed in a surveillance *** hepatitis B virus is oncogenic and capable of leading to liver cancer even in individuals with early stages of liver fibrosis,other high-risk groups of patients with hepatitis B are also candidates for *** effort is required concerning these strategies in order to decrease the incidence and the mortality of viral hepatitis-related Hcc.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis c virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Epidemiology Vaccination Surveillance

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Photoelectrochemical cO_(2) electrolyzers: From photoelectrode fabrication to reactor configuration

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 455-480,I0012页

作者： jose Antonio Abarca Guillermo Díaz-Sainz Ivan Merino-Garcia Angel Irabien Jonathan Albo Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular Universidad de CantabriaETSIITAvenida de los Castros s/n39005 SantanderSpain

The photoelectrochemical conversion of cO_(2) into value-added products emerges as an attractive approach to alleviate climate change. One of the main challenges in deploying this technology is, however, the development and optimization of(photo)electrodes and photoelectrolyzers. This review focuses on the fabrication processes, structure, and characterization of(photo)electrodes, covering a wide range of fabrication techniques, from rudimentary to automated fabrication processes. The work also highlights the most relevant features of(photo)electrodes, with special emphasis on how to measure and optimize them. Finally, the review analyses the integration of(photo)electrodes in different photoelectrolyzer architectures, analyzing the most recent research work that comprises photocathode, photoanode,photocathode-photoanode, and tandem photoelectrolyzer configurations to ideally achieve self-sustained cO_(2) conversion systems. Overall, comprehensive guidelines are provided for future advancements in developing effective devices for cO_(2) conversion, bridging the gap towards the use of sunlight as the unique energy input and practical applications.

关键词： Decarbonization cO_(2)photoelectroreduction (Photo)Electrodes Fabrication techniques Photoelectrolyzer configuration

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Protein Bodies in cotyledon cells Exhibit Differential Patterns of Legumin-Like Proteins Mobilization during Seedling Germinating States

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 2444-2454页

作者： jose c. Jimenez-Lopez Maria c. Hernandez-Soriano School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Queensland Saint Lucia Australia The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth Australia Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ) National Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) Granada Spain

Olive (Olea europaea L.) tree is one of the most extensive and important agricultural crop in Mediterranean countries due to its beneficial health and nutritional properties and its high economic value. currently, olive tree constitutes the sixth most important cultivated plant in the world, spreading from the Mediterranean region of origin to new production areas such as Australia, South and North America and South Africa. However, the mobilization processes of storage materials i.e. reserve proteins during seed germination, which are largely involved in essential physiological process including plant growth and development, remain poorly understood. Morphometric and immunohistochemistry analyses of protein bodies contained in olive seed storage tissues, cotyledon and endosperm, were performed by using different microscopy techniques, including light (bright-field and fluorescence) microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we used legumin-like proteins (11S-type globulins) as a molecular marker to study the mobilization of reserve proteins from PBs of cotyledons at germinating seedling stages by using immunofluorescence assays. Results demonstrated that cotyledon and endosperm are characterized by distinct PBs populations containing legumin-like proteins, distinctly discriminated by the number of PBs per cell and tissue, size, immunofluorescence and histochemical staining. These features reflect differential PBs biogenesis during development and maturation processes in olive seed tissues endosperm and cotyledon, in relation to proteins (polypeptides) final composition, SSPs processing and/or packaging during seed maturation. Three different mobilization patterns of legumin-like proteins were identified for the first time in cotyledon PBs during seedling germinating process. Mature proteins composition and/or processing, cell types and enzyme composition and/or differential activation have been discussed as key features determining how proteins m

关键词： 11S Globulins cotyledon Endosperm In Vitro Germination Legumin-Like Proteins Olea europaea L. Protein Bodies Seed Proteins Mobilization

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