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Effect of Ultra-Turrax on Nanocellulose Produced by Acid Hydrolysis and Modified by Nano ZnO by Sol-Gel Method

Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第2期11卷 150-166页

作者： Amanda Ramos Aragao Melo jose carlos dutra filho Roberto Pinto Cucinelli Neto Wellington Silva Ferreira Braulio Soares Archanjo Raphael Verdan Curti Maria Ines Bruno Tavares Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBl J do Centro de TecnologiaIlh do FundaoRio de JaneiroRJBrasil Instituto SENAI de Inovacao em Biossintéticos e Fibras Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrasil Instituto de Biofísica carlos Chagas Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrasil Divisao de Metrologia de Materiais Instituto Nacional de MetrologiaQualidade e Tecnologia(INMETRO)Duque de CaxiasBrasil

Cellulose nanocrystals (NCC) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were obtained by a single step process, with synergy between 64% sulfuric acid hydrolysis and high shear from ultra-turrax stirring, which is an advantageous process for disintegrating cellulose microcrystalline and also may improve the hydrolysis process. The surface modification on the cellulose was performed by the sol-gel process, in which the sulfate groups from hydrolysis were replaced by nanoparticles of zinc oxide, which led to the increase of up to 54°C Tonset, according to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. The morphology and crystallinity degree were characterized by Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction. In addition, the ZnO band was observed in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, furthermore, the change in the zeta potential confirmed the cellulose modification. The changes in the values of proton spin-spin relaxation time for the systems showing the confined hydrogen in the rigid domains, confirmed the results observed with the aforementioned techniques, for both cellulose after hydrolysis and ZnO modified cellulose, suggesting that ZnO disrupted crystal formation in cellulose.

关键词： Cellulose Nanocrystal Cellulose Nanofibril Nano Zinc Oxide Acid Hydrolysis Sol-Gel

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Autoregressive spatial analysis and individual tree modeling as strategies for the management of Eremanthus erythropappus

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 595-603页

作者： Henrique Ferraco Scolforo jose Roberto Soares Scolforo jose Marcio de Mello Anto nio carlos Ferraz filho Diogo Francisco Rossoni Thiza Falqueto Altoe Antonio Donizette Oliveira Renato Ribeiro de Lima Department of Forest Science Federal University of Lavras PO Box: 3037 Lavras MG 37200-000 Brazil Department of Statistics State University of Maringa Av. Colombo 5.790 Jd. Universitario Bloco E90 Maringa PR 87020-900 Brazil Department of Statistics Federal University of Lavras PO Box: 3037 Lavras MG 37200-000 Brazil

The objectives of this study were to apply statistical techniques to discriminate fertilization treatments of Eremanthus erythropappus（DC.） Mac *** autoregressive modeling, and to develop individual tree models for diameter and crown area（CA） projection to define management strategies for candeia plantations subjected to different fertilization treatments. This is an important tree species originating from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain forest and Savannah biomes, intensively used in the cosmetic industry. Nonetheless, to date, research has not addressed the management of natural stands or plantations of the species. Our experiment was located in Baependi, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and comprised of four randomized blocks and 13 treatments. The treatments consisted of 12 different regimes of fertilization plus a control. Each sample plot was composed of 50 plants plus two border plants in a planting spacing of 2.5 9 2.0 m and undergoing pruning at 5 and 6 years of age. Starting in the second year, total tree height（H） and circumference（at 1.30 m from the ground or breast height, CBH） were measured every 6 months. Starting in the fifth year CA was measured. Tree growth varied by fertilization *** were detected by using an autoregressive approach, considering that standard statistical methods were not powerful enough to detect significant *** growth groups were formed, and maximum growth was obtained for treatment 10（NPK, 8-28-16）. Management guidelines are provided based on individual tree models for different fertilization levels.

关键词： Management strategies Candeia Fertilization level Brazil Crown area

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Forest fire risk indices and zoning of hazardous areas in Sorocaba,Sao Paulo state,Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 581-590页

作者： Leonardo Guimaraes Ziccardi Claudio Roberto Thiersch Aurora Miho Yanai Philip Martin Fearnside Pedro jose Ferreira-filho Department of Environmental Dynamics National Institute for Research in Amazonia(INPA)Av.Andre AraujoNo.2936ManausAmazonasCEP 69067-375Brazil Department of Environmental Sciences Federal University of Sao Carlos(UFSCar)SorocabaSao PauloCEP 18052-780Brazil

This study compares the performance of three fire risk indices for accuracy in predicting fires in semideciduous forest fragments,creates a fire risk map by integrating historical fire occurrences in a probabilistic density surface using the Kernel density estimator(KDE)in the municipality of Sorocaba,Sao Paulo state,*** logarithmic Telicyn index,Monte Alegre formula(MAF)and enhanced Monte Alegre formula(MAF+)were employed using data for the period 1 January 2005 to 31 December *** data and numbers of fire occurrences were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology(INMET)and the Institute for Space Research(INPE),*** performance measures were calculated:Heidke skill score(SS)and success rate(SR).The MAF+index was the most accurate,with values of SS and SR of 0.611%and 62.8%,*** fire risk map revealed two most susceptible areas with high(63 km^2)and very high(47 km^2)risk of fires in the *** of the best risk index and the generation of fire risk maps can contribute to better planning and cost reduction in preventing and fighting forest fires.

关键词： Forest fire risk maps Forest fire protection Monitoring Monte Alegre formula

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Preparation of High Purity Neodymium Oxide from Brazilian Monazite by Ion Exchange

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第7期9卷 616-621页

作者： carlos Alberto da Silva Queiroz jose Antonio Seneda Walter dos Reis Pedreira filho IPEN/CNEN-SP (Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares/Comissao Nacional de Eneergia Nuclear-Sao Paulo) Cidade Universitaria Sao Paulo 05508-000. Brazil Fundacao Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Seguranca e Medicina do Trabalho-FUNDACENTRO Sao Paulo 05409-002 Brazil

A simple and economical chemical process for obtaining high purity neodymium oxide is discussed. The raw material in the form of RE （rare earth） carbonates is produced industrially in Brazil from monazite. Using this concentrate as the feed material, ion exchange with a strong cationic resin, commonly used for water treatment, and without the use of retention ions was used for the fractionating of the REE （rare earth elements）. The eluent was ammonium salt of EDTA （ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid） at pH 4.0. The complex of EDTA-neodymium was transformed into neodymium oxides via oxalate precipitation. We produced 99.9% pure Nd203 in yields greater than or equal to 80%. Molecular absorption spectrophotometry was used to monitor the neodymium content during the process and sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to certify the purity of the neodymium oxides. The typical neodymium oxides obtained contained the followings contaminants in micrograms per gram： Sc （4.09）; Y （0.39）; La （0.78）; Ce （5.62）; Pr （4.56）; Sm （11.10）; Eu （1.10）; Gd （14.30）; Tb （29.3）; Dy （4.15）; Ho （8.39）; Er （13.80）; Tm （0.23）; Yb （2.29）; Lu （0.39）. High purity neodymium oxides obtained from this procedure replaced the imported product used in research and development work on rare earth at IPEN/CNEN-SP （Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares/Comissfio Nacional de Eneergia Nuclear-Sao Paulo）.

关键词： Neodymium oxide elemental rare earths separation rare earths.

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Characteristics of the CsI:Tl Scintillator Crystal for X-Ray Imaging Applications

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第2期9卷 268-280页

作者： Maria da Conceicao Costa Pereira Tufic Madi filho jose Roberto Berretta carlos Henrique de Mesquita Nuclear and Energy Research Institute—IPEN/CNEN-SP Sao PauloBrazil

Scintillators are high-density luminescent materials that convert X-rays to visible light. Thallium doped cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) scintillation materials are widely used as converters for X-rays into visible light, with very high conversion efficiency of 64.000 optical photons/MeV. CsI:Tl crystals are commercially available, but, the possibility of developing these crystals into different geometric shapes, meeting the need for coupling the photosensor and reducing cost, makes this material very attractive for scientific research. The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using radiation sensors, scintillators type, developed for use in imaging systems for X-rays. In this paper, the CsI:Tl scintillator crystal with nominal concentration of the 10-3 M was grown by the vertical Bridgman technique. The imaging performance of CsI:Tl scintillator was studied as a function of the design type and thickness, since it interferes with the light scattering and, hence, the detection efficiency plus final image resolution. The result of the diffraction X-ray analysis in the grown crystals was consistent with the pattern of a face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. Slices 25 × 2 × 3 mm3 (length, thickness, height) of the crystal and mini crystals of 1 × 2 × 3 mm3 (length, thickness, height) were used for comparison in the imaging systems for X-rays. With these crystals scintillators, images of undesirable elements, such as metals in food packaging, were obtained. One-dimensional array of photodiodes and the photosensor CCD (Coupled Charge Device) component were used. In order to determine the ideal thickness of the slices of the scintillator crystal CsI:Tl, Monte Carlo method was used.

关键词： Crystal Growth Scintillator X-Ray Imaging Systems Photodiodes Coupled Charge Device

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Drinking Water as Iron Carrier for the Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia:The Brazilian Experience

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第9期5卷 854-858页

作者： jose E.dutra-de-Oliveira Júlio S.Marchini Joel Lamounier carlos A.N.de Almeida Department of Internal Medicine Ribeirao Preto School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoBrazil Department of Pediatrics Medical School Belo HorizonteBelo HorizonteBrazil Department of Pediatrics Ribeirao Preto School of MedicineUniversity of Ribeirao PretoRibeirao PretoBrazil

On a global base, estimated 2 billion people are iron deficient and/or anemic with small children and child bearing age most likely to be the ones affected. These high levels of world anemia prevalence have been maintained and even growing in spite of the global and national food fortification programmes carried out in several places. These have been based on the iron fortification of local foods. In Brazil a wheat flour iron fortification program has been going on for several years and the anemia prevalence has been going on as a still large public health problem. We started since the nineties and in several under five day care centers, in various part of Brazil a new program using drinking water as the iron carrier for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. It was shown through several studies in different places in Brazil that drinking water being available everywhere, daily consumed by everyone, children, adults and old people have shown to be effective for the prevention of iron anemia. Iron salts are low-priced, water soluble, effective, easily and locally prepared, should be known and accepted as a rational, practical and effective locally community preventive solution for iron anemia, still a great problem of our developing and underdeveloped countries of the world.

关键词： Iron Anemia Iron Carrier Control Anemia Drinking Water Fortification Community Studies and Support

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Barriers and Challenges to the Sustainability Requirements Implementation in Public Procurement of Engineering Works and Services

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2017年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Clézio Thadeu de Souza dutra Ubiratan Rohan Robson Rosa Branco Christine Kowal Chinelli Alexandre jose Vianna Barbosa de Araujo carlos Alberto Pereira Soares Graduate Program in Civil Engineering Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil

The environmental damage arising from the construction and engineering services was responsible for the appearance of several norms and resolutions regulating and directing the sector’s performance. In this article, we research how professionals with experience in public bids assess the difficulty degree of the implementation of those requirements and how they assess the environmental legislation regarding the protection and conservation of the environment, impact on costs, deadlines and the solution to environmental problems. The results show that industry professionals consider as “high” the level of difficulty to implement the addressed sustainability requirements, and that the Brazilian environmental legislation does not comply with its environmental protection role, increases the possibility of delays and costs of projects and services and hampers the emergence of solutions that could solve environmental problems.

关键词： Environmental Sustainability Requirements Environmental Protection Sustainable Procurement Construction and Engineering Services

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Total Occlusion of Anterior Descending Artery （AD） without ST-Segment Elevation： DE Winter Pattern

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第6期6卷 595-599页

作者： Ana Carolina Brito de Alcantara Francisco Marcelo Sobreira filho Danielli Oliveira da Costa Lino Lucia de Sousa Belem carlos jose Mota de Lima Unichristus Fortaleza 60192-350 Brasil Hospital Dr. carlos Alberto Studart Gomes Fortaleza 60846-190 Brasil

The recognition of the presence of ST-segment elevation in the context of ACS （acute coronary syndrome） is fundamental for the good outcome of the case. However, some electrocardiographic patterns have been highlighted by the fact that there is no elevation, but they represent a severity similar to ACS with ST elevation. Hence, it is necessary that doctors who do the first service recognize these standards *** electrocardiographic pattern of association between the ST-segment depression and the hyperacute T waves representing myocardial infarction in the anterior wall, localizing more specifically in the anterior descending artery, now known as the De Winter pattern, was first described by Dressler, and then described by Winter six years later. Winter observed that, out of a series of 1,452 cases, 2% of patients with anterior wall infarction had the pattern of ST-segment depression, positive and symmetrical T waves, and occasionally mild ST-segment elevation at AVR derivation. Those patients are admitted to the emergency room with a typical chest pain. However, because the electrocardiographic findings of this syndrome are not known to many health professionals, in many cases the patients do not receive adequate care and have fatal outcome, since mortality is relevant in these cases. Thus, the rapid recognition of this pattern is extremely necessary for the correct and effective intervention.

关键词： Electrocardiography infarction cardiac catheterization cardiology.

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Integration of Fogo Player and SAGE (Scalable Adaptive Graphics Environment) for 8K UHD Video Exhibition

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2014年第12期2卷 50-55页

作者： Jane de Almeida Guido Lemos de Souza filho carlos Eduardo Coelho Freire Batista Lucenildo Lins de Aquino Junior jose Ivan Vilarouca filho Manoel Silva Neto Cicero Inacio da Silva Leandro Ciuffo Iara Machado Clayton Reis da Silva Laboratory of Cinematic Arts and Visualization (LabCine) Mackenzie Presbyterian University S&atildeo Paulo Brazil Laboratory of Digital Video Applications (LAVID) Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) Jo&atildeo Pessoa Brazil Telehealth Program Federal University of S&atildeo Paulo (UNIFESP) S&atildeo Paulo Brazil The National Education and Research Network (RNP) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

After 4K, 8K UHD resolution can be considered the new challenge for film, visualization and television. Due to the dimension of 8K image, the remote micro and macro images are considered appropriate for visualization with scientific and educational purposes. This article describes the implementation of the 8K video plug-in to play UHD videos into the SAGE, a collaborative environment for the advancement of scientific research and education developed by EVL (Electronic Visualization Laboratory), upgrading its current resolution for video playing. It also presents the challenges of producing 8K content, the development of the code and introduces the features to view 8K ultra high definition videos in multiple tiles through the use of low cost computer clusters. The SAGE 8K video plug-in implementation was made possible because of the previous development of the Fogo Player, a system to run 4K and 8K content. The results were successfully presented at the CineGrid International Workshop 2013 in San Diego.

关键词： 8K Ultra High Definition Fogo Player Visualization SAGE UHD CineGrid

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Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on Renal Function in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2020年第4期10卷 120-133页

作者： Antonio carlos Meinberg Joao Pedro Raduan Meinberg1] Nathalia Simoes Artibale1] Pedro Thadeu Galvao Vianna1] Idiberto jose Zotarelli filho Discipline of Anesthesiology School of Medicine of Sao jose do Rio Preto FAMERP Sao jose do Rio Preto/SP Brazil FACERES Medical School of Sao jose do Rio Preto/SP Brazil 3Disciplina de AnestesiologiaFaculdade de Medicina de BotucatuUniversidade Estadual PaulistaSao Jose do Rio Preto/SPBrasil 4Department of Physics(Molecular Biophysics)State University of São PauloIBILCE-UNESPSao Jose do Rio Preto/SPBrazil 5Zotarelli-Filho Scientific WorkSao Jose do Rio Preto/SPBrazil 6Bentham Science AmbassadorSao Jose do Rio Preto/SPBrazil

Background and Objectives: In anesthesia for bariatric surgery, alterations occur in several organs, including the kidney. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil on the renal function of morbidly obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. Methods: Sixty-one patients were studied prospectively and divided randomly into two groups: remifentanil (R) and dexmedetomidine (D). Renal function was evaluated in three phases: before anesthesia (M0), after anesthetic induction (M1) and after surgical incision (M2). Plasma concentrations were determined for glucose, antidiuretic hormone, creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium and osmolarity and urinary concentrations for creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium and osmolarity. Results: Significant differences were found between groups for potassium at M1 (p Conclusions: In both groups, the clearance values fell from moments M0 to M2. This result indicates that renal function of obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery presented a physiological response compatible with the effect of anesthetic-surgical stress. In the group D, creatinine and sodium clearances were elevated at M1. Urinary volume was greater at M2. These results are suggestive of better preservation of renal function.

关键词： Renal Function Bariatric Surgery Dexmedetomidine Remifentanil

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