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Comparison on the Pharmacokinetics and Weight Reduction of Clobenzorex Slow Release and Immediate Release Formulations in Obese Patients

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第2期4卷 218-221页

作者： Federico Argüelles-Tello Miriam del C.carrasco-Portugal Norma A.carrasco-Portugal jose carlos aguilar-carrasco Selene I.Patino-Camacho Cecilia Fernandez del Valle Gerardo Reyes-Garcia Francisco J.Flores-Murrieta Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politecnico NacionalMexico CityMexico Unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío VillegasMexico CityMexico Centro de Estudios Biofarmaceuticos Mexico CityMexico Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Mexico CityMexico

Clobenzorex is an anorexigenic drug that is widely used in Mexicofor the treatment of obesity, since it helps to reduce body weight. This drug is available as immediate release capsules. To improve compliance to treatment, it was developed a new slow release formulation. In order to establish its usefulness, oral pharmacokinetics and weight reduction of slow release and immediate release formulations of clobenzorex in obese patients were compared. Sixty patients with a BMI higher than 27 kg/m2 were included in the study. Two groups of 30 patients were formed, one of them received 30 mg immediate release formulation b.i.d. and the other group received one 60 mg slow release formulation once a day, since under this scheme these formulations are prescribed. Blood samples were obtained at selected times during the first day and once weekly during 4 weeks. After the last dose, samples were obtained at selected times during 48 h. Plasma levels were determined by HPLC-MS/MS and pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained. Reduction in Cmax due to increased tmax, as well as, increased half-life were observed with the slow release formulation in comparison with immediate release formulation. Although lower plasma levels of clobenzorex were reached with the slow release formulation, reduction of body weight was similar with both products. Based on the results, it was concluded that slow release formulation of clobenzorex is an adequate formulation of clobenzorex, since pharmacokinetics and effects observed are compatible with a once a day administration.

关键词： Clobenzorex Pharmacokinetics Slow Release Formulation

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Recent Near-surface Temperature Trends in the Antarctic Peninsula from Observed,Reanalysis and Regional Climate Model Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第5期37卷 477-493页

作者： Deniz BOZKURT David HBROMWICH Jorge carrasco Keith MHINES Juan carlos MAUREIRA and Roberto RONDANELLI Department of Meteorology University of ValparaísoValparaíso 2340000Chile Center for Climate and Resilience Research(CR)2 Santiago 8320000Chile Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Centro de Investigacion GAIA Antártica Universidad de MagallanesPunta Arenas 6200000Chile Center for Mathematical Modeling(CMM) University of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile Department of Geophysics University of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile

This study investigates the recent near-surface temperature trends over the Antarctic *** make use of available surface observations,ECMWF’s ERA5 and its predecessor ERA-Interim,as well as numerical simulations,allowing us to contrast different data *** use hindcast simulations performed with Polar-WRF over the Antarctic Peninsula on a nested domain configuration at 45 km(PWRF-45)and 15 km(PWRF-15)spatial resolutions for the period 1991?*** addition,we include hindcast simulations of KNMI-RACMO21P obtained from the CORDEX-Antarctica domain(~50 km)for further *** show that there is a marked windward warming trend except during *** windward warming trend is particularly notable in the autumn season and likely to be associated with the recent deepening of the Amundsen/Bellingshausen Sea low and warm advection towards the Antarctic *** the other hand,an overall summer cooling is characterized by the strengthening of the Weddell Sea low as well as an anticyclonic trend over the Amundsen Sea accompanied by northward *** persistent cooling trend observed at the Larsen Ice Shelf station is not captured by ERA-Interim,whereas hindcast simulations indicate that there is a clear pattern of windward warming and leeward ***,larger temporal correlations and lower differences exhibited by PWRF-15 illustrate the existence of the added value in the higher spatial resolution simulation.

关键词： dynamical downscaling cloud computing added value reanalysis Amundsen/Bellingshausen Sea Weddell Sea temperature trend

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Memory for location and visual cues in white-eared hummingbirds Hylocharis leucotis

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 468-476页

作者： Guillermo PEREZ carlos LARA jose VICCON-PALE Martha SIGNORET-POILLON Doctorado en Ciencias Biologicas Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana. Unidad Xochimilco. Calzada del Hueso 1100 Col. Villa Quietud 04960 Moxico D.F. Moxico Laboratorio de Ecologfa de la Conducta Centro Tlaxcala de Biologfa de la Conducta UAT-UNAM Km 1.5 carretera Tlaxcala- Puebla s/n Colonia Xicohtoncatl Apdo. Postal 262 Tlaxcala Tlaxcala 90070 Moxico. Departamento el Hombre y su Ambiente. Universidad Autdnoma Metropolitana. Unidad Xochimilco. Calzada del Hueso 1100 Col. Villa Quietud 04960 MExico D.F. Mexico

In nature hummingbirds face floral resources whose availability, quality and quantity can vary spatially and temporally. Thus, they must constantly make foraging decisions about which patches, plants and flowers to visit, partly as a function of the nectar reward. The uncertainty of these decisions would possibly be reduced if an individual could remember locations or use visual cues to avoid revisiting recently depleted flowers. In the present study, we carried out field experiments with white-eared hummingbirds Hylocharis leucotis, to evaluate their use of locations or visual cues when foraging on natural flowers Penstemon roseus. We evaluated the use of spatial memory by observing birds while they were foraging between two plants and within a single plant. Our results showed that hummingbirds prefer to use location when foraging in two plants, but they also use visual cues to efficiently locate unvisited rewarded flowers when they feed on a single plant. However, in absence of visual cues, in both experiments birds mainly used the location of previously visited flowers to make subsequent visits. Our data suggest that hummingbirds are capable of learning and employing this flexibility depending on the faced environmental conditions and the information acquired in previous visits [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 468-476, 2011].

关键词： Visual cues Location White-eared hummingbird Foraging

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Pleiotropy within gene variants associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and traits of the hematopoietic system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第4期27卷 305-320页

作者： carlos jose Pirola Adrian Salatino Silvia Sookoian Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET)University of Buenos AiresInstitute of Medical Research(IDIM)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427AROArgentina Institute of Medical Research A Lanari University of Buenos AiresSchool of MedicineCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427AROArgentina Department of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET)University of Buenos AiresInstitute of Medical Research(IDIM)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427AROArgentina

Genome-wide association studies of complex diseases,including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),have demonstrated that a large number of variants are implicated in the susceptibility of multiple traits—a phenomenon known as pleiotropy that is increasingly being explored through phenome-wide association *** focused on the analysis of pleiotropy within variants associated with hematologic traits and *** used information retrieved from large public National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys,Genome-wide association studies,and phenome-wide association studies based on the general population and explored whether variants associated with NAFLD also present associations with blood cell-related ***,we applied systems biology approaches to assess the potential biological connection/s between genes that predispose affected individuals to NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,and genes that modulate hematological-related traits—specifically platelet *** reasoned that this analysis would allow the identification of potential molecular mediators that link NAFLD with *** associated with platelet count are most highly expressed in the liver,followed by the pancreas,heart,and ***,genes associated with NAFLD presented high expression levels in the brain,lung,spleen,and *** mapping,gene prioritization,and functional analysis of the most significant loci(P<1×10-8)revealed that loci involved in the genetic modulation of platelet count presented significant enrichment in metabolic and energy balance *** conclusion,variants in genes influencing NAFLD exhibit pleiotropic associations with hematologic traits,particularly platelet ***,significant enrichment of related genes with variants influencing platelet traits was noted in metabolic-related ***,this approach yields novel mechanistic insights into NAFLD pathogenesis.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Platelets Leukocytes Hematologic traits Genetics

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Unraveling the interaction between soil microbiomes and their potential for restoring polluted soils

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 149-151页

作者： carlos O.Lomeli-Ortega Mingming Sun jose Luis Balcazar Catalan Institute for Water Research(ICRA-CERCA) Girona 17003Spain University of Girona Girona 17004Spain Soil Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soils are not exempt from anthropogenic pollution,which can eventually cause disturbance of the microbial communities and areas without any kind of *** soil microbiota,bacteria play an important role in pollutant degradation,enabling them to thrive in contaminated *** this,several techniques have been used to increase the number of pollutantdegrading bacteria in situ or for subsequent ***,bacteriophages exhibit a high tolerance to pollutants and enhance bacterial metabolic activity through phage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes(AMGs),thereby augmenting their skills for nutrient assimilation,resistance to phage infection,antibiotic resistance,heavy metal resistance,and degradation of pesticides and xenobiotics,among *** phage-encoded AMGs have been described during the last few years,but their diversity,distribution,and function have not been extensively explored,warranting further ***,we highlight soil microbiome interactions,especially bacterium and phage interactions to understand this unexplored world with a high potential for restoring polluted soils.

关键词： Auxiliary metabolic genes Microbiome Pollutants Soils Viruses

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Probing the nature of the contact between fine particles by using ultrasound propagation

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Particuology 2011年第6期9卷 659-662页

作者： Antonio Castellanos Xiaoping Jia carlos Soria-Hoyo jose Manuel Valverde Faculty of Physics University of Seville Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n 41012 Seville Spain LPMDI Universite de Marne-la-Vallee CNRS UMR 8108 Champs sur Marne France

The propagation velocity （Vs） of an ultrasonic signal through a granular material depends on the type of interparticle contact. For noncohesive glass beads, a power law behavior Vs α σc1/6 for consolidation stresses applied （σc） above 1 MPa has been measured in previous work. This equation is compatible with Hertz＇s interaction law between elastic solids. In the present work, we have tested the propagation velocity of ultrasound signals through a sample of fine powder. The tensile strength and compactivity of the powder were previously measured by means of the Seville powder tester （SPT）, indicating plastic deformation of the surface asperities in contact for small to moderate consolidation stresses. However, the measurements of ultrasound propagation at high consolidations presented here are compatible with Hertz＇s law. This finding suggests that for high consolidation stresses, surface asperities are flattened, and it is therefore the elastic deformation of the bulk of the particles that determines the transmission of ultrasonic pulses.

关键词： JFine cohesive powder Ultrasound propagation Interparticle contact

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Highly accessible aqueous synthesis of well-dispersed dendrimer type platinum nanoparticles and their catalytic applications

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1083-1092页

作者： Adrian Fernandez-Lodeiro Jamila Djafari David Lopez-Tejedor carlos Perez-Rizquez Benito Rodriguez-Gonzalez jose Luis Capelo jose M.Palomo carlos Lodeiro Javier Fernandez-Lodeiro BIOSCOPE Group LAQV@REQUIMTEChemistry DepartmentFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity NOVA of LisbonCaparica CampusCaparica 2829-516Portugal PROTEOMASS Scientific Society Rua dos InventoresMadan ParqueCaparica CampusCaparica 2829-516Portugal Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis(CSIC)MadridSpainMarie Curie 2CantoblancoUAM CampusMadrid 28049Spain Scientific and Technological Research Assistance Center(CACTI) University of VigoLagoas-MarcosendeVigo 36310Spain

The application of novel methodologies to the synthesis of nanomaterials is still a challenge in many different technological and scientific *** efficient and reproducible synthetic methodologies,that produce fewer residues and reduce the cost of raw materials must be *** the present work,we have explored the attractive possibility to apply the cheap iron (Ⅱ) sulphate salt in the reduction process of the K2PtCl4 to produce colloids *** synthesis took places in water and was assisted by sodium citrate (SC) using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a *** adjustment of this novelty process allows obtaining well-dispersed and sub-20 nm dendrimer-type platinum nanoparticles (Pt D-NPs).The nano-dendrimers produced have been characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM),XRD spectroscopy,inductive couple plasma (ICP) analysis,Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) *** conformational results derived from the size and shape will be *** application of the Pt D-NPs has been explored in the reduction of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) to p-aminophenol (p-AP) in aqueous media at room temperature obtained TOF value of 253 min^-***,our Pt D-NPs were tested as artificial metalloenzyme showing catechol oxidase activity for oxidation of L-DOPA.

关键词： platinum dendrimer NPs catalytic application green synthesis cateohol oxidase-like activity

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Brent *** Texas Intermediate in the US petro derivatives price formation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 729-739页

作者： Alejandro Almeida Antonio A.Golpe Juan Manuel Martín-Alvarez jose carlos Vides Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and BusinessLa RiojaSpain University of Huelva Department of Economics and Centro de Estudios Avanzados en FisicaMatematicas y Computacion and ICEIHuelvaSpain Complutense University of Madrid Department of Applied and Structural Economics and History and ICEIMadridSpain

In this paper,we apply the spatial panel model to explore the relationship between the dynamic of two types of crude oil prices(WTI and Brent crude oil)and their refined products over *** the turbulent months of 2011,when Cushing Oklahoma had reached capacity and the crude oil export ban removal in 2015 as breakpoints,we apply this method both in the full sample and the three resultant ***,results suggest our results show that both WTI and Brent display very similar behaviour with the refined ***,when attending to each regime,results derived from the first and third regimes are quite similar to the full sample ***,during the second regime,Brent crude oil became the benchmark in the petrol market,and it influenced the distillate ***,our model can let us determine the price-setters and price-followers in the price formation mechanism through refined *** results possess important considerations to policymakers and the market participants and the price formation.

关键词： Crude oil prices Spatial panel model Refined products Price formation

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Evaluation of the Influence of Hyoscine Butylbromide on the Oral Bioavailability of Lansoprazole in Healthy Adult Volunteers

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第7期7卷 264-271页

作者： Noemí Santos-Caballero Lina Marcela Barranco-Garduño José carlos aguilar-carrasco Miriam del Carmen carrasco-Portugal Francisco Javier Flores-Murrieta Landsteiner Scientific S.A. de C.V. Mexico City Mexico Unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas Mexico City Mexico Departamento de Biología Celular Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes Mexico City Mexico Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico

The gastroesophageal reflux and/or peptic ulcer diseases are clinical conditions that occur usually accompanied of symptomatic pain. Lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor class drug is widely used in clinical practice for treatment of these diseases. However, its efficacy can be improved by combining with spasmolytic and/or visceral analgesic such as hyoscine butylbromide. Since hyoscine butylbromide is barely absorbed and exerts some local effects at gastrointestinal tract which may modify the absorption of lansoprazole, it is important to establish if there is a pharmacokinetic interaction after the oral concomitant administration of both drugs. For this objective, twenty-five subjects received under a crossover design an oral administration of lansoprazole (15 mg) plus placebo or a fixed-dose combination with hyoscine butiylbromide (15 mg + 10 mg, respectively). Plasma samples were obtained at different times during 10 hours. Lansoprazole plasma concentrations were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Fixed-dose combination was well tolerated. Lansoprazole pharmacokinetic parameters were: Cmax 621.81 ± 212.79 and 450.38 ± 192.14 ng/mL;AUC0-t 1941.36 ± 845.57 and 1454.66 ± 757.28 ng·h/mL;tmax 2.83 ± 0.99 and 3.40 ± 1.82h;t1/2 1.35 ± 0.39 and 1.45 ± 0.51 h, for alone and combined fixed-dose formulation, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared by analysis of variance and ratios of AUC0-t, Cmax and 90% confidence intervals obtained. Since confidence intervals exceed the 80% - 125% limits for these parameters, we conclude that there is a significantly pharmacokinetic interaction of lansoprazole when it is administered concomitantly with hyoscine butylbromide.

关键词： Lansoprazole Hyoscine Butylbromide Fixed-Dose Formulation Pharmacokinetic Interaction

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Warm Forged Medium Carbon V Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 822-826页

作者： carlos Garcia-Mateo Beatriz Lopez jose Maria Rodriguez-Ibabe MATERALIA Research Group.Department of Physical Metallurgy Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC)Avda.Gregorio del Amo 8.E-28040MadridSpain CEIT and TECNUM (University of Navarra) Po Manuel de Lardizabal 15San SebastianE-20018Basque ContrySpain

Nowadays there is a continuous demand,particularly from the automotive industry,for cheaper,lighter and more reliable *** is not surprising then that steel research has been focused during the last decades in new qualities and *** paper is dealing with the use of vanadium microalloyed steels on one of those new processes,warm *** its low precipitation temperature and its recognised ability to strengthen steel microstructures via austenite grain growth control,precipitation hardening and interference of the static recrystallization process,vanadium in microalloyed steels seem to be an appropriate candidate for warm forging.

关键词： warm forging vanadium microalloyed steels

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