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A tutorial on Federated Learning from theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use cases,and Selected trends

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IEEE/cAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.Victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-López jose M.Moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango,Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martínez carola Paul Kai Husmann jose Javier corral-Rivas Klaus von Gadow Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of GottingenBüsgenweg 137077GottingenGermany Facultad de ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N34120DurangoMexico Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatBüsgenweg 537077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological ***,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and *** study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species *** analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,***,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster ***,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site *** principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the *** generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak *** developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

关键词： temperate multispecies forests cluster analysis Basal area increment Generalized additive models

Auxin signaling gets oxidative to promote root hair growth

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 696-698页

作者： Victoria Berdion Gabarain Miguel A.Ibeas Hernan Salinas-Grenet jose M.Estevez Fundación Instituto Leloir&IIBBA-cONIcEt Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos Aires C1405BWEArgentina centro de Biotecnología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants(MN-SAP)SantiagoChile ANID Millennium Science Initiative ProgramMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology(iBio)SantiagoChile

Root hairs(RHs)emerge as cylindrical cell protrusions from the root epidermis in a polar manner,and these outgrows increase the rhizosphere space to acquire water and nutrients,anchor the plant,and interact with various soil *** is one of the key hormones to promote RH growth,and high levels of auxin are directly promoted by low levels of macronutrients in the soil,such as phosphate(Bhosale et al.,2018)and nitrates(Jia et al.,2023).the nutritional signals for roots,which rapidly change in both time and place within the soil,are tightly linked to signaling pathways that execute swifts on cellular processes to adjust to a challenging *** rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs)are peptides that are released outside the cell and act as peptide-hormone *** attach to the extracellular domains of members of the catharanthus roseus REcEPtOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE family,specifically FERONIA(FER)in conjunction with its co-receptor LORELEI-LIKE-GPIANcHORED PROtEIN 1.

关键词： soil outside alkali

Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport membranes

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： Marwan Laqdiem Julio García-Fayos Laura Almar Alfonso J.carrillo Álvaro Represa JoséM.López Nieto Sonia Escolástico David catalán-Martinez jose M.Serra Instituto de tecnología Química(Universitat Politècnica de València–consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biomass and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OtMs)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OtMs could provide oxygen from different sources(air,water,cO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OtMs can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OtM material(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the emerging Joule effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OtM is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.the O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes was~3.7 NmL min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OtM non-electrified at 900℃.the influence of depositing a porous ce_(0.8)tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane surface revealed that lower surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed electric ***,the electrification concept was demonstrated in a catalytic membrane reactor(cMR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching moderate temperatures in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes Joule effect Mixed ionic-electronic conductors catalytic membrane reactors

Multi-tissue transcriptomics of a unique monozygotic discordant twin case of severe progressive osseous heteroplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 22-25页

作者： Alberto Gomez-carballa Maria jose curras-tuala Sara Pischedda Miriam cebey-Lopez jose Gomez-Rial Irene Rivero-cale Jacobo Pardo-seco Xabier Bello Sandra Viz-Lasheras Antonio Justicia-Grande Julian Montoto-Louzao Alba camino-Mera Isabel Ferreiros-Vidal Maximo Fraga jose RAntunez Rodolfo Gomez Federico Martinon-torres Antonio Salas Genetics Vaccines and Infections Research Group(GENVIP)Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoSantiagode CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Laboratorio de Inmunologia Servicio de Andlisis ClinicosHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidade de Xenetica Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(INCIFOR)Facultade de MedicinaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostelaand GenPoB Research GroupInstituto de Investigacion SanitariaHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Musculoskeletal Pathology Group Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidad Integrada de BiobancosBiomodelos 3D y Modelos Animales IDIS(lnstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiagode Compostela)Galicia15706Spain centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(cIBER-ES) MadridSpain

Progressive osseous heteroplasia(POH)is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant disabling disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification(HO).It is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in the GNAS(guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide)***,the molecular mechanisms underlying HO remain poorly *** a treatment for POH is not yet available,the identification of the mechanisms driving POH in affected tissues using gene expression may be of great help to underestand the molecular basis of POH and develop new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： stimulating driving asi

Bioleaching of zinc from gold ores using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第4期16卷 368-374页

作者： Pakawadee Kaewkannetra Francisco jose garcia-garcia tze Yen chiu Department of Biotechnology Faculty of TechnologyKhon Kaen University corrosion and Protection centre School of MaterialsThe University of Manchester centre of Water Science Cranfield University

the present work investigated microbial leaching of zinc from ore using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans （Atcc 14859）. the ore samples, consisted of 13wt% zinc, were obtained from a gold mine in north-eastern thailand. A shake flask study was performed on the ore samples using a rotary shaker under the following fixed conditions （250 r·min^-1, 30℃ for 16 d）. the influence of various conditions, namely medium type （with and without iron）, particle ore size （〈20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-100, and 〉100 mesh）, ore density （20 kg·m^-3, 50 kg·m^-3, and 100 kg·m^-3）, and pH of the medium （2, 2.5, 2.8, and 3）, were investigated. the microbial leaching was assessed by determining the concentration of zinc in the medium and compared with the initial sample concentration. the results show that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can successfully leach zinc by as much as 6 times compared with the control experiment （without Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ferrooxidans）. the maximum efficiency （92.3%） for microbial leaching is obtained in iron-containing medium, 20-40 mesh ore sizes, 20 kg·m^-3 ore density at pH 2.8, and the zinc content is found in the medium at about 120 mg·m^-1.

关键词： bioleaching Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans gold ores gold mine

中国和莫桑比克的能源合作：现状、挑战与应对（2017-2022）

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中国和莫桑比克的能源合作：现状、挑战与应对（2017-2022）

作者： MAcUAcUA EGIDIO jose 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

为有效地勘探、开发和利用能源资源,莫桑比克共和国和中华人民共和国建立了重要的能源合作关系以及创办了合资企业。当前,中莫两国能源合作伙伴关系覆盖了与能源相关的诸多领域,比如基础设施建设、石油与天然气生产以及可再生能源开发... 详细信息

为有效地勘探、开发和利用能源资源,莫桑比克共和国和中华人民共和国建立了重要的能源合作关系以及创办了合资企业。当前,中莫两国能源合作伙伴关系覆盖了与能源相关的诸多领域,比如基础设施建设、石油与天然气生产以及可再生能源开发。此外,为帮助莫桑比克有效开采和运输能源资源,中国在莫桑比克开展了大规模的基础设施建设,涉及发电厂、运输管道和液化天然气接收站。然而,这些投资只是中国参与莫桑比克电力行业建设的一部分,除了这些,绿色电力体验技术在莫桑比克的推广和应用也将有助于莫桑比克可持续能源产业的发展,从而减少其对化石燃料的依赖。当前,莫桑比克丰富的天然气储量吸引了中国资本前往,在此背景下,中莫两国开展能源合作项目,从而提升莫桑比克能源开发利用效益和能源出口能力。中莫两国的能源合作项目是互利共赢的,一方面,中国能够获得更多种类的能源以满足其不断扩大的能源需求进而提高中国能源安全的保障能力;另一方面,莫桑比克也能不断完善与能源有关的基础设施进而提高能源资源的开发利用能力,这也是中莫两国能源合作项目将有可能影响全球能源格局的原因所在。在两国能源合作过程中,双方的合作基础是资源共享和优势互补,希望在此基础上推动自身的经济增长和维护双方的能源安全;双方合作的首要目标是提高能源的利用效率、实现能源的可持续性以及韧性,最终优化两国能源格局;双方合作的具体方式则可以采取包括双边协议和多边项目在内的不同举措。本论文的基本问题是:中国和莫桑比克在能源合作方面存在哪些挑战?本论文的目的在于找出莫桑比克和中国在能源合作中面临的挑战,在此基础上展开分析调查。为全面了解两国能源合作过程中所面临的困难,本论文将特别关注影响能源合作项目规划、执行和可持续推进的因素。最后,为提高中莫能源项目合作的效力和韧性以期进一步推动中莫能源领域的务实合作,本论文还将提供一些建议。本论文的主要观点是:2017年至2022年间,中莫两国能源合作处在机遇与挑战并存的复杂环境之中,虽然两国在启动联合项目方面取得了重大进展,但同时两国也遇到了不少的障碍,例如资金问题、法律限制和地缘政治风险。本论文争论的中心集中在战略举措的必要性上,即是说,中莫两国进行能源合作时,若是面临阻碍合作的挑战,是否存在采取金融谈判、政策调整和外交措施等战略举措的必要性。以上,本论文首先对中莫能源合作现状进行全面掌握,在此基础上,找出阻碍合作的困难与挑战,并对其展开深入细致的分析以期提出切实可行的解决方案,最终助力两国能源合作的长期性和可持续性。中莫能源合作的研究意义在于有利于深入了解当前的国际关系,同时,借助对能源合作中的商业决策分析和经济效果评估来为后续的合作过程和政策制定提供些许良策,最终助力中莫两国的可持续发展和全球能源格局的优化。此外,本论文还具有学术价值和现实意义,在深层次地分析研究中莫能源合作情况的同时,本论文还探讨了能源安全、技术创新、社区影响、风险管理、气候变化、外交战略和公众舆论等主题,不仅有益于促进学术研究,还探讨了当前的全球合作模式为国际能源合作能够提供些许启示。论文总共包括五章。第一章为引言部分,主要包括本论文的研究目的、研究背景和主要内容。此外,本章还对如何调查中莫两国能源合作进行了细致的介绍,包括调查的目的、重点领域、具体方法和研究意义。本章希望通过强调特定时间段内(2017年-2022年)中莫能源合作的发展演变过程和面临的困难挑战来激发读者的阅读兴趣,同时,本章也解释了进行本研究的必要性和原因,这为后续章节的推进奠定基础。本章进行了文献综述,笔者通过对以往有关文献和理论的回顾和总结为本论文提供了理论支持和新的研究方向。论文的第二章“中莫能源合作现状与动因”主要针对2017年至2022年中莫两国能源合作中各个领域的现状展开分析并进行评价。在这一部分中,笔者概述了当前中莫合作中与能源相关的项目、协议和举措,包括可再生能源、基础设施开发以及石油和天然气勘探。同时,本章也探讨了两国能源合作中的经济因素,例如资源和投资机会的可获得性,以便更好地了解推动两国开展能源合作的经济驱动力。本章对中莫外交关系展开分析是为了评估两国的外交目标所在,诸如促进双边关系的加强和地区影响力的扩大等。出于能源供应安全和能源多样性的战略考量,中莫两国开启能源合作,合作过程中的技术创新和技术转让使信息和现代技术更容易共享,也就成为了深化互利合作的推动因素。为深入分析中莫能源合作的影响,本章探讨了基础设施建设和就业机会的增加与能源合作之间的关系,以此来评估能源合作的社会经济影响。最后,在探讨环境的可持续性问题时,本章将分析重点放在推进可持续举措和认识到清洁能源的重要性上。总之,本章为在指定时间范围内,分析影响中莫能源合作的动态发展和驱动因素提供了有用的线索。值得注意的是,基本掌握中莫能源合作概况将有益于后续章节的推进,为

关键词：能源合作中国莫桑比克 “一带一路”倡议

A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel J.Novais Rajkishen Narayanan jose A.canseco Koen van de Wetering christopher K.Kepler Alan S.Hilibrand Alexander R.Vaccaro Makarand V.Risbud Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal Rothman Orthopedic Institute at thomas Jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;tNAP,ENPP1,and ANK upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

Variability and trends of near-surface wind speed over the tibetan Plateau:the role played by the westerly and Asian monsoon

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Advances in climate change Research 2024年第3期15卷 525-536页

作者： Gang-Feng ZHANG cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang cHEN tim RMcVIcAR jose AGUIJARRO Kai-Qiang DENG Lorenzo MINOLA Jaeyeon LEE Seok-Woo SON Heng MA Pei-Jun SHI State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Engineering center of Desertification and Blown-Sand control of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci'on Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı'ficas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat alenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)Moncada 46113Spain Regional climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden cSIRO Environment CanberraACT 2600Australia Australian Research council centre of Excellence for climate Extremes CanberraACT 2600Australia State Meteorological Agency Balearic Islands OfficePalma de Mallorca 07015Spain School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning(DISt) Politecnico and University of TurinTurin 10125Italy School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory NOAAPrinceton NJ 08544USA

Near-surface wind speed exerts profound impacts on many environmental issues,while the long-term(≥60 years)trend and multidecadal variability in the wind speed and its underlying causes in global high-elevation and mountainous areas(e.g.,tibetan Plateau)remain largely ***,by examining homogenized wind speed data from 104 meteorological stations over the tibetan Plateau for 1961-2020 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets,we investigated the variability and long-term trend in the near-surface wind speed and revealed the role played by the westerly and Asian *** results show that the homogenized annual wind speed displays a decreasing trend(-0.091 m s^(−1)per decade,pth the strongest in spring(-0.131 m s^(−1)per decade,pthe weakest in autumn(-0.071 m s^(−1)per decade,pthere is a distinct multidecadal variability of wind speed,which manifested in an prominent increase in 1961-1970,a sustained decrease in 1970-2002,and a consistent increase in *** observed decadal variations are likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation,and the correlation analysis unveiled a more important role of westerly and East Asian winter monsoon in modulating near-surface wind changes over the tibetan *** potential physical processes associated with westerly and Asian monsoon changes are in concordance with wind speed change,in terms of overall weakened horizontal air flow(i.e.,geostrophic wind speed),declined vertical thermal and dynamic momentum transfer(i.e.,atmospheric stratification thermal instability and vertical wind shear),and varied tibetan Plateau *** indicates that to varying degrees these processes may have contributed to the changes in near-surface wind speed over the tibetan *** study has implications for wind power production and soil wind erosion prevention in the tibetan Plateau.

关键词： tibetan Plateau Wind speed Decadal change Atmospheric circulation Physical processes