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Impact of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy for diagnosis of pancreatic masses

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第2期13卷 289-293页

作者： Julio Iglesias-Garcia Enrique Dominguez-Munoz Antonio Lozano-Leon Ihab Abdulkader jose Larino-Noia jose antunez Jeronimo Forteza Gastroenterology Department University Hospital Santiago de Compostela Spain Foundation for Research in Digestive Diseases Santiago de Compostela Spain Foundation for Research in Digestive Diseases Santiago de Compostela Spain Pathology Department University Hospital Santiago de Compostela Spain

AIM： To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of histological evaluation of pancreatic tissue samples obtained by a modified method for recovering and processing the endoscopic ultrasound （EUS）-guided fine needle aspiration （FNA） material in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic solid masses. METHODS： Sixty-two consecutive patients with pancreatic masses were prospectively studied. EUS was performed by the linear scanning Pentax FG-38UX echoendoscope. Three FNAs （22G needle） were carried out during each procedure. The materials obtained with first and second punctures were processed for cytological study. Haterials of the third puncture were recovered into 10% formol solution by careful injection of saline solution through the needle, and processed for histological study. RESULTS： Length of the core specimen obtained for histological analysis was 6.5±5.3 mm （range 1-22 mm）. Cytological and histological samples were considered as adequate in 51 （82.3%） and 52 cases （83.9%）, respectively. Overall sensitivity of both pancreatic cytology and histology for diagnosis of malignancy was 68.4%. Conbary to cytology, histology was able to diagnose tumours other than adenocarcinomas, and all cases of inflammatory masses. Combination of cytology and histology allowed obtaining an adequate sample in 56 cases （90.3%）, with a global sensitivity of 84.21%, specificity of 100% and an overall accuracy of 90.32%. The complication rate was 1.6%.CONCLUSION： Adequate pancreatic core specimens for histological examination can be obtained by EUS-guided FNA. This technique is mainly useful for the diagnosis of different types of pancreatic tumours and evaluation of benign diseases.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Fine needle aspiration Cytology Biopsy Pancreatic cancer

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PKR and PP1C Polymorphisms in Alzheimer’s Disease Risk

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 226-231页

作者： Ernest Palomer Gerard ILL-Raga Marta Tajes Eva Ramos-Fernández Mònica Bosch-Morató Biuse Guivernau jose J.Galan Jordi Clarimon Carmen antunez Merce Boada Luis M.Real César Fandos Francisco J.Munoz Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies Department of Experimental and Health SciencesPompeu Fabra University(UPF)BarcelonaSpain NeoCodex SevillaSpain Alzheimer Laboratory Neurology DepartmentSanta Creu and Sant Pau HospitalBiomedical Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED)BarcelonaSpain Fundacion Alzheimur Dementia UnitVirgen de la Arrixaca HospitalMurciaSpain Memory Clinic of ACE Foundation Catalan Institute of Applied NeurosciencesBarcelonaSpain Neurology Department Vall d’Hebron Universitary HospitalBarcelonaSpain

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Senile plaques are deposits of amyloid ?-peptide (A?) produced by the cleavage of a transmembrane protein termed Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP). The amyloidogenic cleavage of APP is performed by γ-secretase complex and ?-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), a key enzyme in AD that can be activated by different noxious stimuli. Interestingly, some viruses could activate double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), which phosphorylates Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). This phosphorylation stops global translation to avoid any synthesis of viral infective proteins, but paradoxically up-regulates BACE1 translation. One of the viral mechanisms to circumvent eIF2α phosphorylation is the recruitment of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), to fully dephosphorylate eIF2α and allow viral protein synthesis. Due to the functional relationship between BACE1, PKR, PP1 and AD we have performed a large (1122 cases and 1191 control individuals) case-control genetic analysis using two biallelic polymorphisms rs2254958 and rs7480390, located within the genes coding for PKR and the catalytic unit A of PP1, respectively. Although a trend to association of the rs2254958 TT genotype with AD risk was found, our results show that neither rs7480390 nor rs2254958 are associated with AD susceptibility.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease BACE1 PKR PP1 eIF2α

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