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Effects of cropland abandonment and afforestation on soil redistribution in a small Mediterranean mountain catchment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 339-352页

作者： Makki Khorchani Leticia Gaspar Estela Nadal-Romero jose arnaez Teodoro Lasanta Ana Navas Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia(IPE CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiAvda.Montanana100550059ZaragozaSpain School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNEUSA Estacion Experimental Aula Dei(EEAD CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiAvda.Montanana100550059ZaragozaSpain University of La Rioja DCHPhysical GeographyLogronioSpain

In slopes of Mediterranean mid-mountain areas,land use and land cover changes linked to the aban-donment of cropland activity affect soil quality and degradation and soil redistribution;however,limited attention has been paid to this issue at catchment *** paper evaluates the effects of cropland abandonment and post-land abandonment management(through natural revegetation and afforesta-tion)on soil redistribution rates using fallout ^(137)Cs measurements in the Araguás catchment(0.45 km^(2),Central Spanish Pyrenees).A total of 52 soil core samples,distributed in a regular grid,from the first 30-40 cm and 9 sectioned reference samples were collected across the catchment and soil properties were *** ^(137)Cs was measured in a 5 cm sectioned references samples and in bulk grid samples.^(137)Cs inventories were used to estimate soil erosion and deposition rates across the *** show that the highest erosion rates were recorded under sparsely vegetated sites in the badland area,while the lowest rates were found in the afforested area,but no significant differences were observed between the different uses and covers in soil redistribution rates likely due to a long history of human intervention through cultivation in steep slopes and afforestation ***,the recovery of the soil organic matter in afforested areas suggest that afforestation can reduce soil degradation at long-term *** information gained achieve a better understanding of soil redistribution dynamics and provide knowledge for effective land management after cropland abandonment of agroecosystems in Mediter-ranean mountain areas.

关键词： Land use and land cover changes Caesium 137 Erosion and deposition rates Afforestation Mediterranean mountain areas

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Mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： jose M.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROMERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAMPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA jose arnaez Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia GOMEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-MARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión Mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the Middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the Middle and Modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the Middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

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Unveiling the brain’s symphony:exploring the necessity and sufficiency of neural networks in behavior control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 186-187页

作者： Fernando jose Bustos Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Millennium Nucleus of Neuroepigenetics and Plasticity(EpiNeuro) SantiagoChile

Since the pioneering work by Broca and Wernicke in the 19th century,who examined individuals with brain lesions to associate them with specific behaviors,it was evident that behaviors are complex and cannot be fully attributable to specific brain areas ***,they involve connectivity among brain areas,whether close or *** that time,this approach was considered the optimal way to dissect brain circuitry and *** pioneering efforts opened the field to explore the necessity or sufficiency of brain areas in controlling behavior and hence dissecting brain ***,the connectivity of the brain and the mechanisms through which various brain regions regulate specific behaviors,either individually or collaboratively,remain largely *** animal models,researchers have endeavored to unravel the necessity or sufficiency of specific brain areas in influencing behavior;however,no clear associations have been firmly established.

关键词： behavior connectivity neural

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Perceptions and emotions in postoperative recovery of patients with perianal diseases

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 179-184页

作者： Bryan Adrian Priego-Parra jose Maria Remes-Troche Digestive Physiology and Gastrointestinal Motility Lab Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-BiológicasUniversidad VeracruzanaVeracruz 91700Mexico

This article examines the complex relationship between disease perception,negative emotions,and their impact on postoperative recovery in patients with perianal *** conditions not only cause physical discomfort,but also carry a significant emotional burden,often exacerbated by social ***-logical factors,including stress,anxiety,and depression,activate neuroendocrine pathways,such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis,disrupting the gut microbiota and leading to *** disruption can delay wound healing,prolong hospital stay,and intensify *** on the findings of Hou et al,our article highlights the critical role of illness perception and negative emotions in shaping recovery *** advocates for a holistic approach that integrates psychological support and gut microbiota modulation,to enhance healing and improve overall patient outcomes.

关键词： Perianal disease Illness perception Gut microbiota Post-surgical outcomes Microbiota

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Mercury uptake and effects on growth in Jatropha curcas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第10期28卷 120-125页

作者： jose Marrugo-Negrete jose Durango-Hernandez jose Pinedo-Hernandez German Enamorado-Montes Sergi Diez University of Cordoba Faculty of Basic Sciences Department of Chemistry Water Applied and Environmental Chemistry Group Monteria Colombia Environmental Chemistry Department Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research ID█A-CSIC E-08034 Barcelona Spain

The use of metal-accumulating plants for the phytoremediation of contaminated soils is gaining more attention. Mercury （Hg）-contaminated soils from historical gold mines represent a potential risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, Jatropha curcas plant, that has shown its tolerance to these environments, is a species of particular interest to implement phytoremediation techniques in gold mining sites. In this work, the behavior of J. curcas was assessed in different hydroponic cultures fortified with Hg at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80μg Hg/mL （T5, T10, T20, T40 and T80, respectively）. After exposure, plant growth, net photosynthesis, leaf area, and Hg accumulation were determined and variables such as net Hg uptake, effective Hg accumulation, translocation and bioaccumu- lation factors were calculated. Accumulation of Hg in root and leaf tissues increased with respect to the Hg concentrations in the hydroponic culture, with statistically significant differences （p 〈 0.05） among treatments. Moreover, Hg concentration in roots was 7 and 12-fold higher in average than in plant leaves and shoots, respectively. Many effects were found in the development of plants, especially related with loss of biomass and leaf area, with significant growth inhibition related to control values （〉50% with treatment T5）. Moreover, percentage of inhibition was even higher （〉60%） with same treatment for net photosynthesis. Finally, it should be highlighted that for T40 and T80 treatments, plant growth and photosynthesis were almost completely depleted （88%-95%）.

关键词： Jatropha curcasPhytoextractionMercuryHydroponicGrowth inhibition

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Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 35-41页

作者： Andres Fontalba-Navas Francisco Pozo Muñoz Rogelio Garcia Cisneros Maria jose Garcia Larrosa Maria del Mar Callejon Gil Ignacio Garcia Delgado Maria Belen Jimenez Martinez Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200AndalusiaSpain Department of Public Health and Psychiatry University of MálagaMálaga 29010Spain Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Antequera Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot *** diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient *** proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid *** To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to compare it with standard hospital *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic Minimum Data Set(BMDS)to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BMDS to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary *** coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient *** superiority of the HCU compared to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of ca

关键词： High complexity unit Chronic multimorbidity Patient-centered care Integrated care Healthcare management

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Comparative study of degradation of toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK)in aqueous solution by pulsed corona discharge plasma

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 382-396页

作者： Jerin jose Ligy Philip Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

Effectiveness of pulsed power plasma for the degradation of two toxic volatile organic compounds(VOCs),toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK),in aqueous solution was *** plasma degradation of MIBK has been studied for the first *** influence of initial concentration of target compound,solution pH and scavengers on percentage degradation was evaluated.100%removal of 200 mg/L of toluene and MIBK was achieved both in liquid and gaseous phases after 12 and 16 min of plasma treatment,*** first order rate constant of toluene and MIBK degradation(for 200 mg/L each)was 0.421 and 0.319 min~(-1)respectively when they were treated individually,and these values decreased slightly during degradation of their *** degradation was slower than toluene and it might be due to semi volatile and hydrophilic nature of *** effect of initial concentration of toluene and MIBK showed different degradation *** degradation of both the compounds was obtained in neutral pH and in absence of scavengers.·OH radical was the major reactive species involved in their *** degradation in real environmental matrices showed that removal reduced significantly in secondary effluent due to scavenging of reactive species by various ions and organic *** total number of degradation intermediates identified in case of toluene and MIBK was 11 and 14 respectively and formate was the one recalcitrant byproduct *** degradation pathway of toluene and MIBK involving reactions of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and reductive species is proposed.

关键词： Degradation pathway Methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK) OH radical Pulsed power plasma Toluene

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Scale-Covariant Theory of Gravitation Through Self-Similarity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第5期29卷 33-36页

作者： jose Antonio Belinchon Department of Nuclear Molecular and Atomic PhysicsUniversity Complutense of MadridE-28040Spain

We study the scale-covariant theory of gravitation proposed by Canuto under the self-similar *** considering the matter collineation approach,we deduce the form of the main quantities and obtain some restrictions on the behavior of the gauge function,φ(t).We apply the obtained results to study the Bianchi I,Ⅶo,Ⅸ and Kantowsky Sachs models,and arrive at the conclusion that instead of considering a varying G theory,the solution is only valid for a particular value of the parameter of the equation of state,γ,.This leads us to obtain φ(t) =const,and by taking into account the external condition,Gφ2 =const,we may arrive at the conclusion that G=***,all the obtained solutions are the same as the ones obtained in the framework of general relativity.

关键词： const conclusion considering

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Single-shot incoherent optical processing of microwave signals： opening the path to low cost high performance analog photonics

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Science Bulletin 2017年第9期62卷 652-653页

作者： jose Capmany ITEAM Research Institute Universitat Politecnica de Valencia Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain

Incoherent optical processing of microwave signals,where low-coherence broadband light sources are employed instead of costly mode locked lasers,has attracted great interest thanks to its wide applications in microwav... 详细信息

关键词： Single-shot incoherent optical processing of microwave signals:opening the path to low cost high performance analog photonics high MZM SNR mode SLD

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