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Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 144-163页

作者： Guilherme Oliveira NEVEs Nicolás ARAYA Diego Berti sALVARO Thiago de souza LAMIM Renan Oss GIACOMELLI Cristiano BINDER Aloisio Nelmo KLEIN joséDaniel Biasoli de MELLO Laboratório de Materiais Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del Bío-BíoConcepcion 4070-386Chile Universidad de Concepción Concepcion 4070-386Chile sENAI Innovation Institute for Laser Processing Santa Catarina 89218-153Brazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Minas Gerais 38408-100Brazil

Carbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear,especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes *** the macroscale,these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem *** a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers,it was possible to quantify the contactinduced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants,from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon *** addition,these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions,with different geometries,topographies,and solid-lubricant application *** of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering,there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.

关键词： carbon nanostructures tribology Raman spectroscopy defects quantification tribolayer solid lubrication

Best management practices to reduce soil erosion and change water balance components in watersheds under grain and dairy production

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 121-136页

作者： Thais Palumbo silva Danielle Bressiani Éderson Diniz Ebling joséMiguel Reichert soil science of Federal University of santa Maria Roraima Avenuenumber 1000CEP:97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil Technological Development Center Federal University of PelotasGomes Carneiro Streetnumber 1CEP:96010-610PelotasRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of soil Federal University of Santa MariaCampus Universitário s/nCEP 97.105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil

soil erosion and sedimentation are among the most serious global environmental *** and water conservation measures have been proven effective ways to reduce soil *** objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of three approaches of soil and water conservation measures(soil management,vegetative measures,and structural practices)on soil erosion and water balance of two paired agricultural watersheds located in southern *** and sediment monitoring was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in the two small paired agricultural watersheds;called North watershed(NW)and south watershed(sW).Modeling using soil&Water Assessment Tool(sWAT)was performed to simulate individual(nine scenarios)and combined(four scenarios)best management practices(BMPs),by including the three *** the nine individual BMP scenarios,the most effective in reducing soil erosion was crop rotation and cover crop(sediment yield,sY,reduction of 38.4 for NW,and 28.8%for sW).Among the four combined scenarios,the association of all conservation approaches was the most effective in reducing soil erosion(sY reduction of 46 for NW,and 41.5%for sW),followed by the vegetative measures scenario(sY reduction of 43.5 and 34.1%for NW and sW).All combined scenarios increased infiltration and subsurface water components,and decreased surface *** findings of this study can help farmers and policymakers choosing appropriate BMPs to reduce current soil erosion problems and promote water and soil conservation.

关键词： Agricultural hydrology Conservation measures sWAT subtropical watersheds

Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in 80-t 9CrMoCoB large-scale ingots during electroslag remelting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1525-1539页

作者： shengchao Duan Min Joo Lee Yao su Wangzhong mu Dong soo Kim Joo Hyun Park school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China Department of Materials science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588Rep.of Korea Department of Materials science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinellvägen 23Stockholm 10044Sweden Department of Engineering science and Mathematics Division of Materials ScienceLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Casting&Forging Business Unit Nuclear Business GroupDoosan EnerbilityChangwon 51711Rep.of Korea

In combination with theoretical calculations,experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution behavior of nonmetallic inclusions(NMIs)during the manufacture of large-scale heat-resistant steel ingots using 9CrMoCoB heat-resistant steel and CaF_(2)–CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–siO_(2)–B_(2)O_(3)electroslag remelting(EsR)-type slag in an 80-t industrial EsR *** main types of NMI in the consumable electrode comprised pure alumina,a multiphase oxide consisting of an Al_(2)O_(3)core and liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–siO_(2)–MnO shell,and M_(23)C_(6)carbides with an Mns *** Al_(2)O_(3)and Mns inclusions had higher precipitation temperatures than the M_(23)C_(6)-type carbide under equilibrium and nonequilibrium solidification ***,inclusions can act as nucleation sites for carbide layer *** EsR process completely removed the liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–siO_(2)–MnO oxide and Mns inclusion with a carbide shell,and only the Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions and Al_(2)O_(3)core with a carbide shell occupied the remelted *** M_(23)C_(6)-type carbides in steel were determined as Cr_(23)C_(6)based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy *** substitution of Cr with W,Fe,or/and Mo in the Cr_(23)C_(6)lattice caused slight changes in the lattice parameter of the Cr_(23)C_(6)***,Cr_(21.34)Fe_(1.66)C_(6),(Cr_(19)W_(4)C_(6),Cr_(18.4)Mo_(4.6)C_(6),and Cr_(16)Fe_(5)Mo_(2)C_(6)can match the fraction pattern of Cr_(23)C_(6)*** Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions in the remelted ingot formed due to the reduction of CaO,siO_(2),and MnO components in the liquid *** increased Al content in liquid steel or the higher supersaturation degree of Al_(2)O_(3)precipitation in the remelted ingot than that in the electrode can be attributed to the evaporation of CaF_(2)and the increase in CaO content in the EsR-type slag.

关键词： nonmetallic inclusion heat-resistant steel electroslag remelting M_(23)C_(6) carbide Mns inclusion supersaturation degree

China's new ethical guidelines for the use of brain±computer interfaces

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National science Review 2024年第4期 7-8页

作者： mu-ming Poo Institute of Neuroscience CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology NsR

While the world is bewildered by the dazzling advances of generative artificial intelligence and struggling to find consensual guidelines for its governance, the rapid pace of research on the brain–computer interface (BCI) also calls for governance on its development and application. In early February, China’s Ministry of science and Technology (Mo sT) announced the ‘Guidelines for Research Ethics in Brain-computer Interface’[1] based on recommendations of the National Research Ethics Committee. Its content is largely in line with an earlier announcement in October 2023 by the Psychiatry society of China [2] on ‘Ethics Governance of Brain-Computer Interface Research in Mental Disorders’. Both guidelines are formulated on the principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on ‘Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human subjects’in 2008.

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Energy Efficiency Maximization in Mobile Edge Computing Networks via IRs assisted UAV Communications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1865-1884页

作者： Ying Zhang Weiming Niu supu Xiu Guangchen mu school of Electronic Information Engineering Henan Institute of TechnologyXinxiang453003China Houde College Henan Institute of TechnologyXinxiang453003China Department of science Henan Institute of TechnologyXinxiang453003China

In this paper,we investigate the energy efficiency maximization for mobile edge computing(MEC)in intelligent reflecting surface(IRs)assisted unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)*** particular,UAVcan collect the computing tasks of the terrestrial users and transmit the results back to them after *** jointly optimize the users’transmitted beamforming and uploading ratios,the phase shift matrix of IRs,and the UAV trajectory to improve the energy *** formulated optimization problem is highly non-convex and difficult to be solved ***,we decompose the original problem into three *** first propose the successive convex approximation(sCA)based method to design the beamforming of the users and the phase shift matrix of IRs,and apply the Lagrange dual method to obtain a closed-form expression of the uploading *** the trajectory optimization,we propose a block coordinate descent(BCD)based method to obtain a local optimal ***,we propose the alternating optimization(AO)based overall algorithmand analyzed its complexity to be equivalent or lower than existing *** results show the superiority of the proposedmethod compared with existing schemes in energy efficiency.

关键词： Mobile edge computing(MEC) unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) intelligent reflecting surface(IRs) energy efficiency

A Pre-selection-Based Ant Colony system for Integrated Resources scheduling Problem at Marine Container Terminal

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2363-2385页

作者： Rong Wang Xinxin Xu Zijia Wang Fei Ji Nankun mu school of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China school of Computer science and Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China school of Computer science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China school of Computer science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

Marine container terminal(MCT)plays a key role in the marine intelligent transportation system and international logistics ***,the efficiency of resource scheduling significantly influences the operation performance of *** solve the practical resource scheduling problem(RsP)in MCT efficiently,this paper has contributions to both the problem model and the algorithm ***,in the problem model,different from most of the existing studies that only consider scheduling part of the resources in MCT,we propose a unified mathematical model for formulating an integrated *** new integrated RsP model allocates and schedules multiple MCT resources simultaneously by taking the total cost minimization as the ***,in the algorithm design,a pre-selection-based ant colony system(PACs)approach is proposed based on graphic structure solution representation and a pre-selection *** the one hand,as the RsP can be formulated as the shortest path problem on the directed complete graph,the graphic structure is proposed to represent the solution encoding to consider multiple constraints and multiple factors of the RsP,which effectively avoids the generation of infeasible *** the other hand,the pre-selection strategy aims to reduce the computational burden of PACs and to fast obtain a higher-quality *** evaluate the performance of the proposed novel PACs in solving the new integrated RsP model,a set of test cases with different sizes is *** results and comparisons show the effectiveness and efficiency of the PACs algorithm,which can significantly outperform other state-of-the-art algorithms.

关键词： Resource scheduling problem(RsP) ant colony system(ACs) marine container terminal(MCT) pre-selection strategy

Geometric prior guided hybrid deep neural network for facial beauty analysis

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 467-480页

作者： Tianhao Peng mu Li Fangmei Chen Yong Xu David Zhang The school of Computer science and Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Department of Automation Moutai InstituteRenhuaiGuizhouChina The school of Computer science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenShenzhenChina The Information and Communication Engineering Department Dalian Minzu UniversityDalianChina The school of Data science The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhenChina

Facial beauty analysis is an important topic in human *** may be used as a guidance for face beautification applications such as cosmetic *** neural networks(DNNs)have recently been adopted for facial beauty analysis and have achieved remarkable ***,most existing DNN-based models regard facial beauty analysis as a normal classification *** ignore important prior knowledge in traditional machine learning models which illustrate the significant contribution of the geometric features in facial beauty *** be specific,landmarks of the whole face and facial organs are introduced to extract geometric features to make the *** by this,we introduce a novel dual-branch network for facial beauty analysis:one branch takes the swin Transformer as the backbone to model the full face and global patterns,and another branch focuses on the masked facial organs with the residual network to model the local patterns of certain facial ***,the designed multi-scale feature fusion module can further facilitate our network to learn complementary semantic information between the two *** model optimisation,we propose a hybrid loss function,where especially geometric regulation is introduced by regressing the facial landmarks and it can force the extracted features to convey facial geometric *** performed on the sCUT-FBP5500 dataset and the sCUT-FBP dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks models,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed geometric regularisation and dual-branch structure with the hybrid *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to introduce a Vision Transformer into the facial beauty analysis task.

关键词： deep neural networks face analysis face biometrics image analysis

superatom-assembled boranes,carboranes,and low-dimensional boron nanomaterials based on aromatic icosahedral B_(12)and C_(2)B_(10)

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6734-6740页

作者： Qiao-Qiao Yan Yan-Fang Wei Qiang Chen Yue-Wen mu si-Dian Li Institute of Molecular science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Using the experimentally known aromatic icosahedral superatoms I_(h)B_(12)H_(12)2−and D_(5d)1,12-C_(2)B_(10)H_(12)as building blocks and based on extensive density functional theory calculations,we predict herein a series of core–shell superpolyhedral boranes and carboranes in a bottom-up approach,including the high-symmetry Th B_(12)@B_(152)H_(72)2−(2),C2h C_(2)B_(10)@B_(152)H_(72)(3),D_(3d)B_(12)@B_(144)H_(66)(4),I_(h)B_(12)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)2−(6),and D_(5d)C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7).More interestingly,the superatom-assembled linear D2h B_(36)H_(32)^(2−)(8),close-packed planar D_(3d)B_(84)H_(60)^(2−)(10),and nearly close-packed core−shell D_(3d)B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)can be extended periodically to form the one-dimensional(1D)α-rhombohedral borane nanowire B_(12)H_(10)(Pmmm)(9),two-dimensional(2D)α-rhombohedral monolayer borophane B_(12)H_(6)(P m1)(11),and the experimentally known three-dimensional(3D)α-rhombohedral boron(R m)(12)which can be viewed as an assembly of the monolayer B_(12)H_(6)(11)staggered in vertical direction,setting up a bottom-up strategy to form low-dimensional boron-based nanomaterials from their borane“seeds”via partial or complete *** bonding analyses indicate that the high stability of these nanostructures originates from the spherical aromaticity of their icosahedral B_(12)or C_(2)B_(10)structural units which possess the universal skeleton electronic configuration of 1s21P61D101F8 following the Wade’s n+1 *** infrared(IR)and Raman spectra of the most-concerned neutral B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)and C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7)are computationally simulated to facilitate their experimental characterizations.

关键词： superatom-assembling bottom-up approach density functional theory superpolyhedral boranes superpolyhedral carboranes borophanes

Toward a Learnable Climate Model in the Artificial Intelligence Era

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1281-1288页

作者： Gang HUANG Ya WANG Yoo-Geun HAM Bin mu Weichen TAO Chaoyang XIE state key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Environmental Planning Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea school of software Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Artificial intelligence(AI)models have significantly impacted various areas of the atmospheric sciences,reshaping our approach to climate-related *** this AI-driven transformation,the foundational role of physics in climate science has occasionally been *** perspective suggests that the future of climate modeling involves a synergistic partnership between AI and physics,rather than an“either/or”*** controversies around current physical inconsistencies in large AI models,we stress the critical need for detailed dynamic diagnostics and physical ***,we provide illustrative examples to guide future assessments and constraints for AI *** AI integration with numerical models,we argue that offline AI parameterization schemes may fall short of achieving global optimality,emphasizing the importance of constructing online ***,we highlight the significance of fostering a community culture and propose the OCR(Open,Comparable,Reproducible)*** a better community culture and a deep integration of physics and AI,we contend that developing a learnable climate model,balancing AI and physics,is an achievable goal.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning learnable climate model