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Opposite latitudinal gradients for species richness and phylogenetic diversity of endemic snakes in the Atlantic Forest

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 522-530页

作者： josétha.es da.motta.por.illo josuéAnderson Rēgo Azevedo Fausto Erritto Barbo Ricardo J.Sawaya Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Animal Instituto de BiocienciasLetras e Ciencias ExatasUniversidade Estadual Paulista"Julio de Mesquita Filho"Rua Cristovao Colombo2265Sao Josédo Rio PretoSao Paulo 15054-000Brazil Programa de Colecoes Cientificas Biologicas Coordenagao de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaAvenida AndréAraujo2936ManausAmazonas 69067-375Brazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre University of GothenburgBox 461GothenburgVastra Gotaland SE-40530Sweden Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisRodovia Machado-Paraguacukm 3MachadoMinas Gerais 37750-000Rraizil Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Humanas UniversidadeFederaldo ABCRua Arcturus03Sao Bernardo do CampoSao Paulo09606-070Brazil

The decrease in species richness toward higher latitudes is an expected biogeographical *** pattern could be related to particular envi-ronmental constraints and the evolutionary history of ***,species richness does not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clades behind their *** diversity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical *** analyzed envi-ronmental and historical drivers related to latitudinal variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Atlantic Forest endemic *** implemented species distribution models,from voucherbased locality points,to map the snake ranges and *** used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate the relationships among the diversity metrics and area,topographical roughness,and past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitudinal *** to the expected general pattern,species richness was higher toward higher latitudes,being positively related to past climatic *** richness also increased with total area and higher topographical *** diversity,on the other hand,showed opposite relationships related to the same *** diversity increased with lower climatic stability in lower ***,dimensions of diversity were affected in different ways by historical and environmental constraints in this unique and threatened biodiversity hotspot.

关键词： biodiversity latitudinal gradient neotropical region phylogenetic diversity serpents species richness.

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How far have we come?Review of main public policies to reduce landslide impacts in Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 2891-2904页

作者： Bianca Carvalho VIEIRA Tiago damas MARTINS Telma Mendes da SILVA joséEduardo BONINI Department of Geography University of São PauloAvenida Professor Lineu Prestes 05508-000Brazil Cities Institute Federal University of São PauloAvenida Jacu-Pêssego 08260-001Brazil Department of Geography Federal University of Rio de JaneiroAvenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 21941-916Brazil

During the rainy season in Brazil,landslides can have catastrophic consequences,including loss of life,damage to urban infrastructure and significant economic ***,more than eight million people in Brazil live in disaster-prone *** objective of this article is to present a chronological review of the principal policies and programmes at the national,state,and municipal levels,with an emphasis on their key actions aimed at mitigating the impact of disasters related to natural hazards,particularly *** analysis was based on official records of public policies from the national,state,and municipal *** results show that several initiatives were initially developed at the local and regional ***,it was not until the late 1980s that a comprehensive organisation of civil protection at the national level emerged as a response *** is possible to highlight three phases(understanding,coexistence,and prevention)of institutional action focused on risk management in the face of *** the growing knowledge of risk scenarios,disasters continue to occur in Brazil on an annual basis,revealing several obstacles to reducing their impact,particularly given the social and economic disparities between Brazilian regions and the applicability of public policies that must overcome the limitations of each municipality.

关键词： Disasters Risk Mitigation Prevention Legislation Civil Defense Natural Hazards

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Plant community on a volcano mountaintop reveals unique high-altitude vegetation in southeastern Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3018-3030页

作者： Igor Musauer KesSOUS Ruy joséValka ALVes Nílber Gonçalves da SILVA Amilcar Walter SAporETTI JUNIOR Biodiversity Laboratory Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of Southern Minas Gerais(IFSULDEMINAS)Av.Dirce Pereira Rosa300-Jardim Esperança37713-100Poços de CaldasMGBrazil Department of Botany National MuseumFederal University of Rio de JaneiroQuinta da Boa Vista s.n.São Cristóvão20949-040Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22BSE 41319GothenburgSweden

Mountains exhibit a high degree of endemism and diversity,however,quantifying their biodiversity can be *** to islands,species isolation in mountainous regions results in comparable patterns of evolution and extinction,rendering their biodiversity unique and highly susceptible to anthropogenic *** topographic relief in mountains plays a crucial role in creating habitat complexity,which in turn contribute to high plant ***,we investigated plant diversity in the volcano mountaintop vegetation on the Poços de Caldas Plateau,a region situated in the ecotone between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado,characterized by natural radiation and significant anthropogenic *** employed an automated approach through the filtering of georeferenced and non-georeferenced data to obtain a list of plant species in the ***,we statistically investigated the similarity among different high-altitude vegetations belonging to the campos de altitude from the Atlantic Forest and campos rupestres from the *** plateau exhibits high plant diversity,including 1,659 specific and infraspecific taxa,especially belonging to Asteraceae and *** analyses suggest that geographical distance is a strong predictor of dissimilarity and that the Poços de Caldas Plateau is more floristically related to the campos rupestres,despite being associated with campos de *** region possesses a unique set of biodiversity,indicating that it may be a distinct ***,we hypothesize that Pleistocene events likely influenced the conformation of the current floristic composition in the region through species interchange between the Cerrado and Atlantic *** study also highlights the few taxa assessed for conservation status and anthropogenic threats that this habitat is facing.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Biogeography Cerrado Community ecology Grassland

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A review on the scale-up of high-shear wet granulation processes and the impact of process parameters

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 180-195页

作者： Ana Rita Alves Marta Filipe Simões Sérgio Simões João Gomes University of Coimbra CERESDepartment of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Sciences and TechnologyRua Sílvio Lima3030-790CoimbraPortugal Bluepharma-Indústria Farmacêutica São Martinho do BispoCoimbra3045-016Portugal Faculty of Pharmacy University of CoimbraAzinhaga de Santa Comba3000-548CoimbraPortugal

Wet granulation is one of the most important agglomeration processes,and high-shear granulation(HSG)one of the most employed technologies in the pharmaceutical *** most critical process parameters of HSG are discussed in this *** main concern in scaling up the wet granulation process is the differences between scales,which prevent the particles from having the same experience across all *** scale-up of wet granulation processes is commonly divided into two categories:engineering and attribute-based *** engineering-based scale-up approach is a strategy based on dimensional analysis and an attribute-based supported on the principles of“equifinality”,where process variables are adjusted to obtain equivalent granule *** work presents the effect of different HSG process parameters on the scale-up,as well as the use of process analytical tools(PAT)and modelling *** aim is to review applied scale-up approaches in HSG and discuss benefits and *** is proven why the scale-up for oral solid pharmaceutical products is still considered a hot topic and a very challenging task for development and engineering teams.

关键词： High-shear wetgranulation Parametric-based Attribute-based Physics-based modelling Impeller design Scale-up

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Hepatolithiasis:Epidemiology,presentation,classification and management of a complex disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1836-1850页

作者： Rodrigo V.motta Francesca Saffioti Vasileios K Mavroeidis Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health and Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit Royal Free Hospital and University College LondonLondon NW32QGUnited Kingdom Department of HPB Surgery Bristol Royal InfirmaryUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation TrustBristol BS28HWUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery North Bristol NHS TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery North Bristol NHS TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom

The term hepatolithiasis describes the presence of biliary stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts,above the hilar confluence of the hepatic *** disease is more prevalent in Asia,mainly owing to socioeconomic and dietary factors,as well as the prevalence of biliary *** the last century,owing to migration,its global incidence has *** main pathophysiological mechanisms involve cholangitis,bile infection and biliary strictures,creating a self-sustaining cycle that perpetuates the disease,frequently characterised by recurrent episodes of bacterial infection referred to as syndrome of“recurrent pyogenic cholangitis”.Furthermore,long-standing hepatolithiasis is a known risk factor for development of intrahepatic *** classifications have aimed at providing useful insight of clinically relevant aspects and guidance for *** management of symptomatic patients and those with complications can be complex,and relies upon a multidisciplinary team of hepatologists,endoscopists,interventional radiologists and hepatobiliary surgeons,with the main goal being to offer relief from the clinical presentations and prevent the development of more serious *** comprehensive review provides insight on various aspects of hepatolithiasis,with a focus on epidemiology,new evidence on pathophysiology,most important clinical aspects,different classification systems and contemporary management.

关键词： Cholelithiasis Intrahepatic stones Cholangiocarcinoma Biliary parasites Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis Oriental cholangiohepatitis Hepatectomy Cholangioscopy Liver transplant Paediatric

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How far have we come? Review of main public policies to reduce landslide impacts in Brazil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第09期 2891-2904页

作者： Bianca Carvalho VIEIRA Tiago damas MARTINS Telma Mendes da SILVA josé Eduardo BONINI Department of Geography University of S?o Paulo Cities Institute Federal University of S?o Paulo Department of Geography Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

During the rainy season in Brazil, landslides can have catastrophic consequences, including loss of life, damage to urban infrastructure and significant economic impacts. Now, more than eight million people in Brazil live in disaster-prone areas. The objective of this article is to present a chronological review of the principal policies and programmes at the national, state, and municipal levels, with an emphasis on their key actions aimed at mitigating the impact of disasters related to natural hazards, particularly landslides. Our analysis was based on official records of public policies from the national, state, and municipal governments. The results show that several initiatives were initially developed at the local and regional level. However, it was not until the late 1980s that a comprehensive organisation of civil protection at the national level emerged as a response measure. It is possible to highlight three phases(understanding, coexistence, and prevention) of institutional action focused on risk management in the face of disasters. Despite the growing knowledge of risk scenarios, disasters continue to occur in Brazil on an annual basis, revealing several obstacles to reducing their impact,particularly given the social and economic disparities between Brazilian regions and the applicability of public policies that must overcome the limitations of each municipality.

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Presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan joséPérez-Moreno Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder,characterized primarily by progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower *** ients can also experience peripheral neuropathy,cognitive impairment,and other neurological *** date,more than 80 genes have been implicated in HSP,encompassing various cellular components,although mutations in genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping proteins are the most prevalent(Parodi et al.,2017).ER-shaping proteins are generally known for regulating the tubulation and curvation of the ER,but most of them show additional functions,including fusion of ER tubules,microtubule-severing,ER autophagy,lipid droplet synthesis,contact sites with other organelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the complexity of studying the role of these proteins and the link between ER function and HSP.

关键词： reticulum endoplasmic

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Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during walking

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 62-68页

作者： Luís Quinto Pedro Pinheiro Sergio B.Goncalves Ivo Roupa Paula Simoes Miguel Tavares da Silva CINAMIL Academia MilitarInstituto Universitario MilitarLisbonPortugal IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Modern conflicts demand substantial physical and psychological exertion,often resulting in fatigue and diminished combat or operational *** exoskeletons have been developed recently to address these challenges,presenting various limitations that affect their operational or everyday *** article evaluates the performance of a dual-purpose passive ankle exoskeleton developed for the reduction of metabolic costs during walking,seeking to identify a force element that could be applied to the target *** on the 6-min walk test,twenty-nine subjects participated in the study using three different force *** results indicate that it is possible to reduce metabolic expenditure while using the developed ***,the comfort and range of motion results verify the exoskeleton's suitability for use in uneven terrain and during extended ***,the choice of the force element should be tailored to each user,and the control system should be adjustable to optimise the exoskeleton's performance.

关键词： Ankle passive exoskeleton Metabolic cost reduction Dual-use exoskeleton Gait Biomechanics

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Fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles by cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet in the presence of Au^(+) ions and a capping agent

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 108-115页

作者： Tatiana HABIB josé Mauricio A.CAIUT Bruno CAILLIER Laboratoire Diagnostics des Plasmas Hors Equilibre(DPHE) Universitéde ToulouseINU ChampollionAlbi 81000France Department of Chemistry The Nanomaterials and Luminescent Systems GroupFaculty of PhilosophyScience and Letters at Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão Preto-SP 14040-901Brazil

Homogeneous gold nanoparticles were synthesized under atmospheric pressure using a nonthermal helium plasma jet in a single-step process.A current power supply was used to generate the plasma discharge rich in diverse reactive *** species induce rapid chemical reactions responsible for the reduction of the gold salts upon contact with the liquid *** this study,spherical and monodispersed gold nanoparticles were obtained within 5 min of plasma exposure using a solution containing gold(Ⅲ)chloride hydrate(HAuCl_(4))as a precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a capping agent to inhibit *** formation of these metal nanoparticles was initially perceptible through a visible change in the sample's color,transitioning from light yellow to a red/pink *** was subsequently corroborated by UVvis spectroscopy,which revealed an optical absorption in the 520-550 nm range for Au NPs,corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)*** investigation into the impact of various parameters,including plasma discharge duration,precursor and capping agent concentrations,was carried out to optimize conditions for the formation of well-separated,spherical gold *** light scattering(DLS)was used to measure the size of these nanoparticles,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe their morphology and X-ray diffraction(XRD)was also employed to determine their crystallographic *** results confirm that homogeneous spherical gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 13 nm can be easily synthesized through a rapid,straightforward,and environmentally friendly approach utilizing a helium atmospheric pressure plasma.

关键词： gold nanoparticles non-thermal plasma jet helium DBD

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Capsule endoscopy and panendoscopy:A journey to the future of gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1270-1279页

作者： Bruno Rosa joséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da OliveiraGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal

In 2000,the small bowel capsule revolutionized the management of patients with small bowel ***,the technological development achieved by the new models of double-headed endoscopic capsules,as miniaturized devices to evaluate the small bowel and colon[pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy(PCE)],makes this non-invasive procedure a disruptive concept for the management of patients with digestive *** technology is expected to identify which patients will require conventional invasive endoscopic procedures(colonoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy),based on the lesions detected by the capsule,i.e.,those with an indication for biopsies or endoscopic *** use of PCE in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases,namely Crohn’s disease,as well as in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and/or overt gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding,after a non-diagnostic upper endoscopy(esophagogastroduodenoscopy),enables an effective,safe and comfortable way to identify patients with relevant lesions,who should undergo subsequent invasive endoscopic *** recent development of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy to evaluate the upper GI tract,is a further step towards the possibility of an entirely non-invasive assessment of all the segments of the digestive tract,from mouth-to-anus,meeting the expectations of the early developers of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Non-invasive endoscopy Panendoscopy Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy Crohn’s disease Digestive bleeding

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