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Stress,Burnout,and Resilience:Are Teachers at Risk?

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第2期25卷 207-222页

作者： JoséLuis Moreno-Lucas Juan Pedro Martínez-Ramón Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez Cecilia Ruiz-Esteban e Inmaculada Méndez Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology Campus of Excellence Mare NostrumUniversity of MurciaEspinardoMurcia30100Spain Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology University Campus of CartujaUniversity of GranadaGranada18071Spain

It is increasingly common to find alarming news related to tragic events occurring in schools around the world.Being able to deal with these situations without getting hurt is a task not suitable for everyone.In general,teachers are the ones who must deal with this type of situation in addition to other daily problems that appear in any classroom that make the level of stress to which they are subjected can become dangerous.This research aims to know the current situation of teachers in a region of southeastern Spain in terms of their level of work stress,resilience,and other associated variables,for which an ex post facto quantitative approach study was designed.For this purpose,an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire,and questions based on the Teaching and Learning International Survey of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development,the Maslach Burnout Inventory,and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale were applied.The participating sample consisted of 470 teachers.The main findings were that 6%of teachers had burnout(high emotional exhaustion,high cynicism,and low professional effectiveness simultaneously).Resilience correlated inversely with stress,emotional exhaustion,cynicism,excessive teaching,and difficulty maintaining classroom discipline.In conclusion,knowing the needs of teachers allows us to reflect on what kind of prevention and intervention programs are necessary to improve the well-being of teachers and thus improve the quality of education.

关键词： Burnout coping resilience stress teacher

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A tumor-associated heparan sulfate-related glycosaminoglycan promotes the generation of functional regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第12期20卷 1499-1512页

作者： Leticia Martín-Cruz Marcos Viñuela Ioanna Kalograiaki Alba Angelina Paola Oquist-Phillips Irene Real-Arévalo Francisco Javier Cañada joséIgnacio Tudela luis Moltó Jesús moreno-Sierra joséluis Subiza Oscar Palomares Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of ChemistryComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain Inmunotek Alcaláde HenaresMadridSpain Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico San Carlos Martin Lagos s/n28040MadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CSICRamiro de Maetzu 928040MadridSpain CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES)Avda Monforte de Lemos3-528029MadridSpain Servicio de Urología Hospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense de MadridMartín Lagos s/n28040MadridSpain

Functional Tregs play a key role in tumor development and progression,representing a major barrier to anticancer immunity.The mechanisms by which Tregs are generated in cancer and the influence of the tumor microenvironment on these processes remain incompletely understood.Herein,by using NMR,chemoenzymatic structural assays and a plethora of in vitro and in vivo functional analyses,we demonstrate that the tumoral carbohydrate A10(Ca10),a cell-surface carbohydrate derived from Ehrlich’s tumor(ET)cells,is a heparan sulfate-related proteoglycan that enhances glycolysis and promotes the development of tolerogenic features in human DCs.Ca10-stimulated human DCs generate highly suppressive Tregs by mechanisms partially dependent on metabolic reprogramming,PD-L1,IL-10,and IDO.Ca10 also reprograms the differentiation of human monocytes into DCs with tolerogenic features.In solid ET-bearing mice,we found positive correlations between Ca10 serum levels,tumor size and splenic Treg numbers.Administration of isolated Ca10 also increases the proportion of splenic Tregs in tumor-free mice.Remarkably,we provide evidence supporting the presence of a circulating human Ca10 counterpart(Ca10H)and show,for the first time,that serum levels of Ca10H are increased in patients suffering from different cancer types compared to healthy individuals.Of note,these levels are higher in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases than in prostate cancer patients without metastases.Collectively,we reveal novel molecular mechanisms by which heparan sulfate-related structures associated with tumor cells promote the generation of functional Tregs in cancer.The discovery of this novel structural-functional relationship may open new avenues of research with important clinical implications in cancer treatment.

关键词： Tumoral carbohydrate A10 Heparan sulfate-related proteoglycan Cancer immunology Dendritic cell Regulatory T cell

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Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Potato Starch/Poly(vinyl Alcohol)/N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第8期10卷 2179-2201页

作者： Diego David Pinzón-moreno Eder Clidio Vicuña-Galindo joséVulfrano González-Fernández joséluis Soto-Gonzales María Verónica Carranza-Oropeza Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering National University of San MarcosLima15081Peru

Several hydrogels were synthesized by free-radical polymerization in an aqueous medium based on potato starch(PS),poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),and N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide(MBAm),being possible to study these hydrogels as a function of the proportion of components incorporated.In this way,the products generated from the synthesis were characterized by swelling and deswelling kinetics,the first swelling being verified with Schott and statistical models,allowing to contrast the proximity between the experimental and theoretical behavior.Additionally,water retention in soil(R%),spectroscopy(FTIR),morphological(SEM),and thermal(TGA and DSC)analysis allowing to know the intrinsic characteristics of the material,increasing in general terms the knowledge of this type of material.In this context,it was possible to verify the characteristics and effectiveness of the synthesis and crosslinking of the main components.The experimental results obtained show that the synthesized hydrogels present representative swellings consistent with kinetic and statistical models,optimal thermal stability depending on the amount of crosslinker,and excellent water retention in environments such as soil,presenting it as an excellent alternative to be used in agro-industrial applications in an eco-friendly way.

关键词： Hydrogel potato starch polyvinyl alcohol N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide kinetic swelling and deswelling water retention thermal characterization morphology characterization

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Presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan joséPérez-moreno Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder,characterized primarily by progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower limbs.Pat ients can also experience peripheral neuropathy,cognitive impairment,and other neurological symptoms.To date,more than 80 genes have been implicated in HSP,encompassing various cellular components,although mutations in genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping proteins are the most prevalent(Parodi et al.,2017).ER-shaping proteins are generally known for regulating the tubulation and curvation of the ER,but most of them show additional functions,including fusion of ER tubules,microtubule-severing,ER autophagy,lipid droplet synthesis,contact sites with other organelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the complexity of studying the role of these proteins and the link between ER function and HSP.

关键词： reticulum endoplasmic

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世界水土保持学会副主席,水土保持专家joséluis Rubio先生论森林火灾后土壤的保护与修复:生物工程的作用

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水土保持通报 2019年第1期39卷 310-316页

作者： josé luis Rubio 西班牙巴伦西亚大学沙漠化研究中心

[目的]讨论火灾地区土壤保护的基本方法,旨在从生物多样性和美学价值方面,阐述新兴生物工程领域在修复与固结土壤,保护土壤免遭不同类型侵蚀,维持景观质量等方面中的应用。[方法]通过综述和评价现行生物工程技术在西班牙森林火灾后土壤... 详细信息

[目的]讨论火灾地区土壤保护的基本方法,旨在从生物多样性和美学价值方面,阐述新兴生物工程领域在修复与固结土壤,保护土壤免遭不同类型侵蚀,维持景观质量等方面中的应用。[方法]通过综述和评价现行生物工程技术在西班牙森林火灾后土壤保持和土壤修复中的应用,阐述了有关基本原理,并介绍了一些生物工程技术在受火灾影响的不同地区的成功应用案例。[结果]生物工程技术用于森林火灾后土壤保护和修复的重要基础知识部分仍基于土壤保持的一些传统原理,尤其在与具体干预的立地和简单技术应用的生态一致性方面。同时也不应低估新近土木工程的作用。这些土木工程技术(包括金属笼的使用)为生物要素(主要是植物物质)发挥更大作用提供了条件,而这些生物要素是在特定干预区气候或生物物理条件下发挥固结土壤作用的重要因素。与活体材料一起使用的还有各种生物物质,例如植物残留物,砍下的灌木,木质化元素,以及多种土工织物。这些技术可以归结分为4组主要形式:(1)土壤保护技术,(2)地面稳定技术,(3)重建技术组合,(4)其他稳定技术。[结论]用于土壤保护的生物工程技术提供了一种更为环保和具有长期有效性的方法。它同时具有耗资低,适应性强和提供多功能景观效益等优势。然而,生物技术也存在一些缺陷,例如人力资源需求,缺乏有关知识和合适的植物物质,特别是在一些干旱气候地区。尽管如此,生物工程方法在满足森林火灾影响后土壤保护的紧急干预措施这类新需求过程中表现出其正在崛起,有应用前途和快速发展的态势。

关键词：森林火灾生物工程土壤保持与修复环境一致性

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How inflammation influences psychiatric disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 342-349页

作者： Eduardo Ferat-Osorio joséluis Maldonado-García Lenin Pavón División de Investigación Clínica de la Coordinación de Investigación en Salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Departamento de Bioquímica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacán 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMexico Departamento de Inmunología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340Mexico Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico City 14370Mexico

Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.In this editorial,we comment on the article“Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients”by Zhang et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023;13(11):903-911.Our discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety,depression,and psychosis,which are all linked to bacterial,fungal,and viral infections,which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.We focus specifically on the immune mechanisms triggered by inflammation,the primary contributor to psychiatric complications.Importantly,pathophysiological mechanisms such as organ damage,post-injury inflammation,and infectioninduced endocrine alterations,including hypocortisolism or autoantibody formation,significantly contribute to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation,promoting the emergence or development of psychiatric alterations in susceptible individuals.As inflammation can have long-term effects on patients,a multidisciplinary treatment plan can avoid complications and debilitating health issues,and it is crucial to recognize and address the mental health implications.

关键词： Inflammation infection Depression Pelvic inflammatory disease Psychiatric complication

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Approximating home ranges of humpback and fin whales in Drake Passage and Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2020年第4期31卷 248-257页

作者： joséluis ORGEIRA Facundo ALVAREZ Departamento Biología de los Predadores Tope Instituto Antártico Argentino.Buenos AiresArgentina Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação.Campus de Nova Xavantina.Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Brasil

Identifying home ranges—those areas traversed by individuals in their normal foraging,mating,and parenting activities—is an important aspect of cetacean study.Understanding these ranges facilitates identification of resource use and conservation.Fin and humpback whales occur in Antarctica during the austral summer,but information regarding their home ranges is limited.Using opportunistically collected whale sighting data from eight consecutive summer seasons spanning 2010–2017,we approximate the home ranges of humpback and fin whales around Drake Passage(DRA),West of Antarctic Peninsula(WAP),South Shetland Islands(SSI),an area northwest of the Weddell Sea(WED),and around the South Orkney Islands(SOI).Approximate home ranges are identified using Kernel Density Estimation(KDE).Most fin whales occurred north and northwest of the SOI,which suggests that waters near these islands support concentrations of this species.Most humpback whales were observed around the SSI,but unlike fin whales,their distributions were highly variable in other areas.KDE suggests spatial segregation in areas where both species exist such as SOI,SSI,and WPA.Partial redundancy analysis(pRDA)suggests that the distributions of these species are more affected by spatial variables(latitude,longitude)than by local scale variables such as sea surface temperature and depth.This study presents a visual approximation of the home ranges of fin and humpback whales,and identifies variation in the effects of space and environmental variables on the distributions of these whales at different spatial scales.

关键词： humpback whale fin whale home range Antarctica Drake Passasge

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Combined cell-based therapy strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease:focus on mesenchymal stromal cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 478-484页

作者： Jannette Rodríguez-Pallares María García-Garrote Juan A.Parga joséluis Labandeira-García Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´s Disease Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CiMUS)IDISDepartment of Morphological SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by motor impairments caused by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.Levodopa is an effective and well-tolerated dopamine replacement agent.However,levodopa provides only symptomatic improvements,without affecting the underlying pathology,and is associated with side effects after long-term use.Cell-based replacement is a promising strategy that offers the possibility to replace lost neurons in Parkinson’s disease treatment.Clinical studies of transplantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue have provided evidence that the grafted dopaminergic neurons can reinnervate the striatum,release dopamine,integrate into the host neural circuits,and improve motor functions.One of the limiting factors for cell therapy in Parkinson’s disease is the low survival rate of grafted dopaminergic cells.Different factors could cause cell death of dopaminergic neurons after grafting such as mechanical trauma,growth factor deprivation,hypoxia,and neuroinflammation.Neurotrophic factors play an essential role in the survival of grafted cells.However,direct,timely,and controllable delivery of neurotrophic factors into the brain faces important limitations.Different types of cells secrete neurotrophic factors constitutively and co-transplantation of these cells with dopaminergic neurons represents a feasible strategy to increase neuronal survival.In this review,we provide a general overview of the pioneering studies on cell transplantation developed in patients and animal models of Parkinson’s disease,with a focus on neurotrophic factor-secreting cells,with a particular interest in mesenchymal stromal cells;that co-implanted with dopaminergic neurons would serve as a strategy to increase cell survival and improve graft outcomes.

关键词： brain repair cell replacement co-grafts dopaminergic neurons fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue mesenchymal stem cells neural grafting neural transplantation neuroblasts neurotrophic factors

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重稀土HRENiGa_(2)(HRE=Dy,Ho或Er)化合物的优异低温磁热性能

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Science China Materials 2023年第1期66卷 249-256页

作者：郭丹 luis M.moreno-Ramírez Jia-Yan Law 张义坤 Victorino Franco Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province&School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310012China Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada ICMS-CSICUniversidad de SevillaP.O.Box 1065.41080-SevillaSpain State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China

RENiX_(2)化合物(其中RE为稀土元素,X为p区元素)在低温磁制冷应用中受到高度关注.它们根据元素的不同可以结晶成CeNiSi_(2)型、NdNiGa_(2)型或MgCuAl_(2)型晶体结构,并表现出不同类型的磁有序性从而影响其磁性.MgCuAl_(2)型铝化物由于... 详细信息

RENiX_(2)化合物(其中RE为稀土元素,X为p区元素)在低温磁制冷应用中受到高度关注.它们根据元素的不同可以结晶成CeNiSi_(2)型、NdNiGa_(2)型或MgCuAl_(2)型晶体结构,并表现出不同类型的磁有序性从而影响其磁性.MgCuAl_(2)型铝化物由于具有有利的铁磁基态从而表现出比CeNiSi_(2)型硅化物和NdNiGa_(2)型镓化物更大的磁热性能.此外,RENiGa_(2)镓化物根据RE元素的不同可以结晶成NdNiGa_(2)或MgCu Al_(2)型结构.本文中,我们选择重稀土(HRE)元素来探索HRENiGa_(2)(HRE=Dy,Ho或Er)镓化物的微观结构、磁有序和磁热性能.三种化合物均以MgCuAl_(2)型晶体结构结晶,并且随着温度的升高经历了从铁磁到顺磁的二级磁相转变.DyNiGa_(2),HoNiGa_(2)和ErNiGa_(2)化合物的最大等温磁熵变(|ΔSisomax|)值分别为6.2,10.4和11.4 J kg^(-1)K^(-1)(0-5T),这与许多最近报道的低温磁制冷材料性能相当.特别地,HoNiGa_(2)和ErNiGa_(2)化合物(包括它们的复合材料)在氢气液化的温度范围内表现出优异的磁热性能.

关键词：重稀土磁热性能晶体结构磁制冷材料稀土元素磁有序等温磁熵变硅化物

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Glyphosate Dissipation in Different Soils Under No-Till and Conventional Tillage

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 773-783页

作者： Elena OKADA joséluis COSTA Francisco BEDMAR Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Balcarce 7620(Argentina Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA)Balcarce 7620(Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataBalcarce 7620(Argentina

Glyphosate is the most used herbicide in Argentina, accounting for 62% of the commercialized pesticides on the market. It is used as a weed controller in no-till systems, and it is also applied to various genetically modified crops ( e.g., soybean, corn, and cotton). Although it has a high solubility in water, it tends to adsorb and accumulate in agricultural soils. The main objectives of this work were to compare the dissipation of glyphosate and the accumulation of its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) over time in three soils from agricultural areas of Argentina under long-term management with no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) practices. There were no differences in dissipation between NT and CT, indicating that the glyphosate-degrading microflora was not modified by the different tillage managements. Moreover, tillage practices did not alter the general soil properties;therefore, glyphosate bioavailability was not affected by NT or CT practice. Forty percent of the applied glyphosate was degraded within the first three days in all soils, indicating a fast initial dissipation rate. However, the dissipation rate considerably decreased over time, and the degradation kinetics followed a bi-exponential (or two-compartment) kinetic model. No differences were found between tillage practices. Dissipation was not related to the microbial activity measured as soil respiration. The fast decrease in the concentration of glyphosate at the beginning of the dissipation study was not reflected in an increase in the concentration of AMPA. The estimated half-lives for glyphosate ranged between 9 and 38 d. However, glyphosate bioavailability decreases over time, as it is strongly adsorbed to the soil matrix. This increases its residence time, which may lead to its accumulation in agricultural soils.

关键词： Aminomethylphosphonic acid Bioavailability Biodegradation Herbicide Metabolite Pesticide Two-compartment kinetic model

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