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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第4期15卷 322-331页

作者： Valentina Chiavaroli John D.gibbins Wayne S.Cutfield joség.b.derraik Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Pescara Public HospitalPescaraItaly Liggins Institute University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand A better Start-National Science Challenge University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Endocrinology Department Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

background Paediatric obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally,resulting in significant adverse effects on health and *** life events,including those that happen before,during,and after pregnancy can predispose children to later *** purpose of this review is to examine the magnitude of obesity among New Zealand children and adolescents,and to determine their underlying risk factors and associated *** sources PubMed,Web of Science,and google Scholar searches were performed using the key terms 'obesity','overweight','children','adolescents',and 'New Zealand'.Results Obesity is a major public health concern in New Zealand,with more than 33% of children and adolescents aged 2-14 years being overweight or *** disproportionately affects Māori (New Zealand's indigenous population) and Pacific children and adolescents,as well as those of lower socioeconomic *** Zealand's obesity epidemic is associated with numerous health issues,including cardiometabolic,gastrointestinal,and psychological problems,which also disproportionately affect Māori and Pacific children and ***,a number of factors may be useful to identify those at increased risk (such as demographic and anthropometric characteristics) and inform possible *** The prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents in New Zealand is markedly high,with a greater impact on particular ethnicities and those of lower socioeconomic *** the current burden of pediatric obesity should be a key priority for New Zealand,for the benefit of both current and subsequent *** strategies should focus on obesity prevention,particularly starting at a young age and targeting those at greatest risk.

关键词： Obesity Children Adolescents New Zealand Pacific Islands

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Surrogate markers and predictors of endogenous insulin secretion in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期17卷 99-105页

作者： Jin-Na Yuan Jian-Wei Zhang Wayne S.Cutfield guan-Ping Dong You-Jun Jiang Wei Wu Ke Huang Xiao-Chun Chen Yan Zheng bi-Hong Liu jose g.b.derraik Jun-Fen Fu Department of Endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthThe Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Pediatrics Shaoxing Women and Children's HospitalShaoxingChina Liggins Institute University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand A better Start-National Science Challenge University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

background No studies have examined endogenous insulin secretion in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes in China using the gold-standard mixed-meal tolerance *** the latter is labor-intensive,we examined simpler surrogate markers of endogenous insulin secretion in Chinese youth,as previously reported for a European *** Participants were 57 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 4.4-16.8 years(56% females).We per-formed 120-minute mixed-meal tolerance tests with serum C-peptide(CP)measurements every 30 *** insulin deficiency(SID)was defined as CP peakbetes duration and 1-year decrease in age at diagnosis were associated with 37%(Pgedg patients aged ≥11 *** Simple fasting CP measurements could be used to detect most SID cases in Chinese youth with type 1 *** CP is a far more reliable measure of endogenous insulin secretion than the more commonly used insulin ***,it could more precisely determine insulin secretory capacity to target those who could benefit,if treatments to preserve residual insulin secretion are developed.

关键词： Endogenous insulin secretion Mixed-meal tolerance test(MMTT) Type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Mitochondria–cgAS–STINg axis is a potential therapeutic target for senescence-dependent inflammaging-associated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 805-807页

作者： joséM.Izquierdo Centro de biología Molecular Severo Ochoa(CbM) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC-UAM)MadridSpain

The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of pre... 详细信息

关键词： Latin potential lasting

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The emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to ameliorate hippocampal NLRP3 inflammation induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescence

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1153-1163页

作者： Susana Mellado María joséMorillo-bargues Carla Perpiñá-Clérigues Francisco garcía-garcía Victoria Moreno-Manzano Consuelo guerri María Pascual Department of Physiology School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain bioinformatics and biostatistics Unit Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain

Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain *** stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge *** demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa b,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and miRNAs(miR-21a-5p,miR-146a-5p,and miR-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling *** together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.

关键词： adolescence binge-like ethanol treatment extracellular vesicles hippocampus mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)

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An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

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Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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An innovative approach for integrated airline network and aircraft family optimization

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第2期33卷 634-663页

作者： joséALEXANDRE T.g.FREgNANI bento S.DE MATTOS joséA.HERNANDES Department of Aeronautical Engineering Technological Institute of Aeronautics12228-900 Sao Jose dos CamposBrazil

The determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines,as well as for carrying out market research,to establish target markets,and for aircraft and crew *** addition,optimum airplane types for the selected networks are crucial to improve revenue and to provide reduced operating *** present study proposes an innovative approach to determine the optimal aerial transport network simultaneously with the determination of the optimum fleet for that network,composed of three types of airplanes(network and vehicle integrated design).The network profit is *** passenger’s demands between the airports are determined via a gravitational *** embedded linear programming solution is responsible for obtaining potential optimal network *** optimum fleet combination is determined from a database of candidate aircraft designs via genetic algorithm.A truly realistic airplane representation is made possible thanks to accurate surrogate models for engine and aerodynamics is *** accurate engine deck encompassing a compression map and an innovative engine weight calculation besides an aerodynamical artificial neural network module enable a high degree of accuracy for the mission *** proposed methodology is applied to obtain the optimum network comprised of twenty main brazilian airports and corresponding fleet.

关键词： Air transport Aircraft design Airline economics Airline network optimization Multidisciplinary design optimization

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Projective Hilbert modules and sequential approximations

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期 137-168页

作者： Lawrence g.brown Huaxin Lin Department of Mathematics Purdue University Department of Mathematics East China Normal University Department of Mathematics University of Oregon Shanghai Institute for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences

We show that when A is a separable C*-algebra,every countably generated Hilbert A-module is projective（with bounded module maps as morphisms）.We also study the approximate extensions of bounded module *** the case where A is a σ-unital simple C*-algebra with strict comparison,and every strictly positive lower semicontinuous affine function on quasitraces can be realized as the rank of an element in the Cuntz semigroup,we show that the Cuntz semigroup is equivalent to unitarily equivalent classes of countably generated Hilbert A-modules if and only if A has stable rank one.

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Evaluating the influence of air pollution on solar radiation observations over the coastal region of Alicante(Southeastern Spain)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 633-643页

作者： Igor gómez Sergio Molina Juan joségaliana-Merino Department of Applied Physics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of AlicanteSection 99E-03080 AlicanteSpain Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies(MIES)“Ramón Margalef” University of AlicanteSection 99E-03690 AlicanteSpain Department of Physics Systems Engineering and Signal TheoryUniversity of AlicanteSection 99E-03080 AlicanteSpain University Institute of Physics Applied to Sciences and Technologies University of AlicanteSection 99E-03080 AlicanteSpain

The present study evaluates ground-based downward surface shortwave radiation (Rs) over the coastal region of Alicante (Southeastern Spain).Hourly measurements collected over the eleven-year period 2010-2020 are *** weather stations located over the region capital,Alicante,have been selected as representative of urban and suburban *** additional weather stations far from the city have been selected representing rural *** is significantly reduced over the urban station during the morning hours within the winter season compared to the observations recorded over the suburban and rural stations,with a global mean difference of-81 and-120 W/m^(2)at 10 LT,***,no significant differences are obtained during the midday sun,with a global mean difference of-20 W/m^(2)between the urban and rural *** the aim of explaining these differences,the current paper investigates the relationship between Rsand different air pollutants:NOx,SO_(2),and fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)) as well as the wind field measured at the urban and suburban *** results found in this work point towards a close relationship between Rsand NOxconcentrations annual cycles,which are also influenced by the prevailing wind circulations observed over the study area.A global mean NOxconcentration of 107μg/m^(3)is observed over the urban station at 10 LT during the winter *** contrast,these high concentrations are significantly reduced over the suburban station,with global mean value of 40μg/m^(3)at 10 LT,for this period of the year.

关键词： Solar radiation Air pollution Weather-concentration relationship Coastal cities Atmospheric conditions Wind field

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