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Autonomous Vehicle Platoons In Urban Road Networks:A Joint distributed Reinforcement Learning and Model Predictive Control Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 141-156页

作者： Luigi d.a.fonso Francesco Giannini Giuseppe Franzè Giuseppe Fedele Francesco Pupo Giancarlo Fortino IEEE the department of Computer Engineering ModelingElectronics and SystemsUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy the department of Mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and ManagementUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy

In this paper, platoons of autonomous vehicles operating in urban road networks are considered. From a methodological point of view, the problem of interest consists of formally characterizing vehicle state trajectory tubes by means of routing decisions complying with traffic congestion criteria. To this end, a novel distributed control architecture is conceived by taking ad.a.tage of two methodologies: deep reinforcement learning and model predictive control. On one hand, the routing decisions are obtained by using a distributed reinforcement learning algorithm that exploits available traffic data at each road junction. On the other hand, a bank of model predictive controllers is in charge of computing the more adequate control action for each involved vehicle. Such tasks are here combined into a single framework:the deep reinforcement learning output(action) is translated into a set-point to be tracked by the model predictive controller;conversely, the current vehicle position, resulting from the application of the control move, is exploited by the deep reinforcement learning unit for improving its reliability. The main novelty of the proposed solution lies in its hybrid nature: on one hand it fully exploits deep reinforcement learning capabilities for decisionmaking purposes;on the other hand, time-varying hard constraints are always satisfied during the dynamical platoon evolution imposed by the computed routing decisions. To efficiently evaluate the performance of the proposed control architecture, a co-design procedure, involving the SUMO and MATLAB platforms, is implemented so that complex operating environments can be used, and the information coming from road maps(links,junctions, obstacles, semaphores, etc.) and vehicle state trajectories can be shared.a.d exchanged. Finally by considering as operating scenario a real entire city block and.a.platoon of eleven vehicles described by double-integrator models, several simulations have been performed with the a

关键词： distributed model predictive control distributed reinforcement learning routing decisions urban road networks

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Risk Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Vaginal Birth after One Cesarean (VBAC-1) in Puerto Rico

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 888-902页

作者： Irazú Guinan Marjorie Suárez Fabiola Angulo Luis Mayol Paula Suárez Lisandris dominicci Nathalie Chang Saribel Torres antonio Rodríguez Raymond L. Tremblay Maricarmen Colón-d.a. department of Physiology and Pathology San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Caguas USA

Background: Cesarean section (CS) has increased steadily over the last decade, with an estimated one-third of women delivering by cesarean section worldwide. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the demographic and.a.sociated factors influencing vaginal birth after one cesarean (VBAC-1) success focusing on variables like pre-pregnancy BMI, d.a.etes, hypertension, education, and smoking. Study design and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed 285 cases (81 unsuccessful VBAC-1, 204 successful VBAC-1) from San Juan City Hospital (Puerto Rico) between January 1, 2019, and december 31, 2020. We used odds ratios and model selection comparison to assess the impact of variables on successful VBAC-1, using a significance threshold of 95% CI. Model selection assessed binomial model combinations using a generalized linear approach to identify key risk factors. Results: Unsuccessful VBAC-1 (a repeat cesarean), was associated with d.a.etes (OR: 0.376, p = 0.086), hypertension (OR: 0.23, p = 0.006), and university-educated women (OR: 1.372, p = 0.711). High school-educated women had.a. OR of 3.966 (p = 0.105), while overweight women were 0.481 times more likely to have unsuccessful VBAC-1 (p = 0.041). Significant associations were not found with obesity (OR: 0.574, p = 0.122), underweight/normal (OR: 1.01, p = 0.810), or smoking (OR: 1.227, p = 0.990). Conclusion: Results revealed women with higher education levels, hypertension, or d.a.etes are less likely to have a successful VBAC-1. Understanding the complex interactions affecting these outcomes is aimed.a. establishing guidelines for healthcare professionals to conduct systematic risk/benefit assessments. This study lays a foundation for evidence-based practices and policies, offering initial insights into VBAC-1 success factors in Puerto Rico.

关键词： d.a.etes Hypertension Obesity Trial of Labor Vaginal Birth after Cesarean

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differentiating rhythmic high-amplitude delta with superimposed(poly)spikes from extreme delta brushes:limitations of standardized nomenclature and implications for patient management

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World Journal of Ped.a.rics 2024年第8期20卷 764-773页

作者： Rene And.a.e-Machado Elham Abushanab Namrata d.Patel Avantika Singh Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Wauwatosa:Milwaukee 8915 W Connell CtMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background Following the standardized nomenclature proposed by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society(ACNS),rhythmic high-amplitude delta activity with superimposed spikes(RHAdS)can be reported.a. an extreme delta brush(EdB).The clinical implications of similar electrographic patterns being reported.a. RHAdS versus EdB are important to *** aim to review the electrographic characteristics of RHAdS,evaluate whether RHAdS is seen in other neurological disorders,and identify the similar and unique characteristics between RHAdS and EdB to ultimately determine the most accurate way to differentiate and report these *** believe that the differentiation of RHAdS and EdB is important as there is a vast difference in the d.a.nostic approach and the medical management of associated underlying *** source We conducted.a. extensive search on MEdLINE and Pubmed utilizing various combinations of *** for“gamma polymerase and EEG”,or“RHAdS”or“Alpers syndrome and EEG”or“EEG”ANd.a.pers–Huttenlocher syndrome”.Results Three articles were found to be focused on the description of“RHAdS”pattern in Alpers *** publication to date were found when searching for the terms“EdB”ANd“children”,ANd“infant”ANd.a.olescent”excluding“encephalitis”and“neonate”.Although RHAdS and EdB appear as similar EEG patterns,meticulous analysis can differentiate *** is not exclusive to patients with Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome and may manifest in regions beyond the posterior head *** to eye-opening and response to anesthesia can be two other elements that help in the differentiation of these *** RHAdS is not exclusive to patients with AHS and may manifest in regions beyond the posterior head *** to eye-opening and response to anesthesia are features that help in the differentiation of these patterns.

关键词： Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome Autoimmune encephalitis Extreme delta brush Neurological disorder Polyspike Rhythmic delta activity Rhythmic high-amplitude delta activity Seizure

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A Review of State-of-the-art Flexible Power Point Tracking Algorithms in Photovoltaic Systems for Grid Support:Classification and.a.plication

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Mina Haghighat Mehdi Niroomand Hossein dehghani Tafti Christopher d.Townsend Tyrone Fernando the department of Electrical Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahanIran the department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

To maximize conversion efficiency,photovoltaic(PV)systems generally operate in the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)***,due to the increasing penetra tion level of PV systems,there is a need for more developed control functions in terms of frequency support services and voltage control to maintain the reliability and stability of the power ***,flexible active power control is a manda tory task for grid-connected PV systems to meet part of the grid ***,a significant number of flexible pow er point tracking(FPPT)algorithms have been introduced in the existing *** purpose of such algorithms is to real ize a cost-effective method to provide grid support functional ities while minimizing the reliance on energy storage *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of grid support functionalities that can be obtained with the FPPT control of PV systems such as frequency support and volt-var *** of these grid support functionalities necessitates PV sys tems to operate under one of the three control strategies,which can be provided with FPPT *** three control strate gies are classified.a.:①constant power generation control(CP GC),②power reserve control(PRC),and③power ramp rate control(PRRC).A detailed discussion on available FPPT algo rithms for each control strategy is also *** paper can serve as a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art FPPT algorithms that can equip PV systems with various grid support functionalities.

关键词： Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) flexi ble power point tracking(FPPT) power reserve control(PRC) power ramp rate control(PRRC) low voltage ride-through(LVRT) constant power generation(CPG)

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Refractive outcomes after V4c Toric collamer lens implantation over 1y of follow-up

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1322-1330页

作者： Humberto Carreras-d.a. josefina Reñones de Abajo María del Rosario Carreras-d.a. Amalia Lorente-Velázquez Vithas Eurocanarias Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35004Spain University Hospital of Girona doctor josep Trueta Gerona 17007Spain departament of Optometry and Vision Faculty of Optics and OptometryComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

AIM:To evaluate refractive outcomes and corneal astigmatism changes after Toric implantable collamer lens with a central port(V4c T-ICL)implantation over 1y of ***:A retrospective study was performed including 50 eyes of 50 patients that underwent V4c T-ICL ***(Ud.a.and corrected(Cd.a.distance visual acuities,refraction,refractive and corneal astigmatism changes and corneal coupling correction were evaluated preoperatively,1 and 12mo *** analysis was used for astigmatism *** of adjustment(CAdj)was calculated for corneal coupling ***:The mean Ud.a.achieved was 0.03 logMAR at 1mo and remained unchanged throughout the whole follow-up(P=0.193).At the last visit,84%of the eyes achieved.a.Cd.a.of 0.00 logMAR or *** spherical equivalent refraction(SEQ),96%of eyes were ranges of±1.00 d.a.d 84%of them within±0.50 ***,94%of eyes had.a.remaining refractive cylinder within±1.00 d.a.d 78%of them within±0.50 ***,SEQ and refractive cylinder,remain stable over the postoperative follow-up(P=1.000 and P=0.660,respectively).In terms of surgically induced.a.tigmatism(SIA),no statistically significant differences were found over the follow-up(P=0.102)and under correction was found with a correction index lower than the unit at each visit.A keratometric astigmatism induced of 0.59±0.53(vector mean:0.26×73º)d was reached.a. the last *** significant changes in terms of corneal astigmatism orientation were reported over post-surgery visits(P=0.129 and P=0.097 at 1 and 12mo respectively).No clinical significance was found for CAdj on with-the-rule *** postoperative complications resulting from the surgery were ***:Refractive outcomes suggest that the V4c T-ICL implantation for correction of myopic astigmatism was satisfactory in terms of effectiveness,safety,and stability during 1y of *** astigmatism induced by the incision around 0.5 d is achieved

关键词： V4c Toric collamer lens corneal astigmatism surgically induced.a.tigmatism corneal coupling

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Selective logging alters allometric relationships of five tropical tree species in seasonal semi-deciduous forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1633-1639页

作者： diego Resende Rodrigues Yves Rafael Bovolenta josé antonio Pimenta Edmilson Bianchini departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal Centro de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual de Londrina

In selectively logged forests,trees are more likely to expand their d.a.eters(d.a. the expense of height(H)growth,resulting in variations in H:d *** study examines how selective logging affects the H:d.a.lometric relationships of five common tree species and whether the effects vary with functional groups(shade-intolerant or shade tolerant)in seasonal semi-deciduous *** of five species in a 3000 m^2(0.3 ha)plot were marked.a.d heights and d.a.eters *** of the species,with one exception,showed greater investment in d.a.eter per increment of height compared to an unlogged forest,possibly because of the greater light *** study shows the effects of selective logging on species populations as evidenced by increases in H:d *** of forest fragments with different degrees of human impact is important because it allows us to understand the differences in architectural characteristics caused by selective logging.

关键词： Allometry Anthropic exploitation Ecological groups Luminosity Selective logging

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Insm1:orchestrating cellular mimicry in the thymus medulla

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 414-416页

作者： K.d.James J.E.Cowan UCL Institute of Immunity and Transplantation The Pears BuildingRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PPUK

The thymus is the primary production site for a functional and self-tolerant T-cell *** establishment of immune tolerance is med.a.ed by the generation and presentation of tissue-restricted self-antigens(TRAs)by medullary thymic epithelial cells(mTECs),which screen T-cell receptors for self-reactivity to eliminate autoreactive T *** studies have extended our understanding of mTEC heterogeneity by examining the mechanisms by which mTECs mimic the peripheral self[1].

关键词： medullary eliminate restricted

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Enantioselective iridium-catalyzed.a.lylic substitution with a Reformatsky reagent: direct construction of β-stereogenic homoallylic esters

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3791-3797页

作者： debasis Pal Kirana d.Veeranna Yuk Fai Wong P.Andrew Evans department of Chemistry Queen's University Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University

The Reformatsky reagent derived from ethyl bromoacetate circumvents the challenge associated with the direct regio-and enantioselective iridium-catalyzed.a.lylic alkylation with an unstabilized.a.iphatic ester enolate. Notably, this work represents the first example of using a Reformatsky reagent in a metal-allyl reaction, which permits the direct construction of enantioenriched β-stereogenic homoallylic esters without preactivation of the pronucleophile or post-reaction modification of the product(e.g., thermal decarboxylation of a 1,3-dicarbonyl). Moreover, the process allows the coupling of a broad range of sterically and electronically diverse electrophiles bearing aryl, heteroaryl and.a.kenyl derivatives, including the significantly more challenging alkyl-substituted.a.lylic carbonates. The versatility of the ester product is exemplified by a series of functional group manipulations and the development of a concise and efficient enantioselective total synthesis of the natural product,(+)-descurainolide A. Finally, mechanistic studies indicate that the zinc enolate behaves as a soft nucleophile that undergoes outer-sphere alkylation.

关键词： allylic substitution asymmetric catalysis mechanistic studies natural product synthesis Reformatsky reagent

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New therapeutic strategy with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory hepatopulmonary syndrome after liver transplant: A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 210-214页

作者： Belinda Sánchez Pérez María Pérez Reyes jose Aranda Narvaez Julio Santoyo Villalba jose antonio Perez daga Claud.a.Sanchez-Gonzalez Julio Santoyo-Santoyo Hepatobiliary and Trasplantation Unit General and Digestive Surgery DepartmentUniversity Regional HospitalMalaga 29010Spain department of General and digestive Surgery Regional University Hospital of MalagaMalaga 29010Spain

BACKGROUNd due to the lack of published literature about treatment of refractory hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS)after liver transplant(LT),this case adds information and experience on this issue along with a treatment with positive *** is a complication of end-stage liver disease,with a 10%-30%incidence in cirrhotic *** can reverse the physiopathology of this process and restore normal ***,in some cases,refractory hypoxemia persists,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)can be used.a. a rescue therapy with good *** SUMMARY A 59-year-old patient with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension was included in the LT waiting list for *** had good liver function(Model for End-Stage Liver disease score 12,Child-Pugh class B7).He had pulmonary fibrosis and.a.mild restrictive respiratory pattern with a basal oxygen saturation of 82%.The macroaggregated.a.bumin test result was>*** demonstrated.a.forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)of 78%,forced vital capacity(FVC)of 74%,FEV1/FVC ratio of 81%,diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of 42%,and carbon monoxide transfer coefficient of 57%.He required domiciliary oxygen at 2 L/min(16 h/d).The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)and extubated in the first 24 h,needing high-flow therapy and non-invasive ventilation and inhaled nitric oxide *** was needed.a.ter 72 *** to the non-response to supportive therapies,installation of ECMO was decided with progressive recovery after 9 *** was possible on the tenth day,maintaining a high-flow nasal cannula and de-escalating to conventional oxygen therapy after 48 *** was discharged from ICU on postoperative day(POd)20 with a 90%-92%oxygen *** recycling was needed twice for acute *** patient was discharged from hospital on POd 27 with no symptoms,with an 89%-90%oxygen *** due to the favorable results observed,ECMO could bec

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatopulmonary syndrome Refractory hypoxemia Treatment Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Case report

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Realizing High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Se-Free Bi2Te3 Materials by Spontaneous Incorporation of FeTe2 Nanoinclusions

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 344-354页

作者： Jamil Ur Rahman Woo Hyun Nam Yong-Jae Jung Jong Ho Won Jong-Min Oh Nguyen Van du Gul Rahman Víctor M.garcía-Suárez Ran He Kornelius Nielsch Jung Young Cho Won-Seon Seo Jong Wook Roh Sang-il Kim Soonil Lee Kyu Hyoung Lee Hyun Sik Kim Weon Ho Shin Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Ad.a.ced Materials Convergence R&d division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon University department of Energy Engineering Dankook University Faculty of Fundamental Science Phenikaa University department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center-CINN department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University School of Nano & Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Seoul School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University

Bi2Te3-based materials have d.a.n much attention from the thermoelectric community due to their excellent thermoelectric performance near room ***,the stability of existing n-type Bi2（Te,Se）3materials is still low due to the evaporation energy of Se (37.70 kJ mol-1) being much lower than that of Te (52.55 kJ mol-1).The evaporated Se from the material causes problems in interconnects of the module while degrading the efficiency.

关键词： Bi2Te3 energy harvesting FeTe2 nanoinclusion n-type materials thermoelectric

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