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Temperature Trends and Accumulation of Chill Hours, Chill Units, and Chill Portions in South Carolina

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 173-190页

作者： josé O. Payero Edisto Research and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Department of Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

There is considerable concern about the potential impact of climate change on agriculture, such as the accumulation of chilling hours needed to break the dormancy of many perennial plants, like fruit trees. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if there had been a significant change in air temperatures and chill hours, chill units, and chill portion accumulation in South Carolina over the last two decades. Two decades of daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperature records were obtained from weather stations in thirty-one counties in South Carolina. Hourly temperature data, reconstructed from the daily data, were used to calculate the daily and annual chill hours, chill units, and chill portions accumulation using four different chill models for each location and year. The chill models included the T(t) °C model, the 0°C °C model, the Utah model, and the Dynamic model. For each county, regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the historical trends. Despite year-to-year variability, the tendency was a statistically significant (α = 0.05) increase in air temperature, averaging 0.089°C per year for 20 out of 31 counties in South Carolina. The other 11 counties had no significant change in temperature. The average temperature increase in the 31 counties was 0.072°C per year. The temperature increase resulted in a decrease in annual chill accumulation during the fall to spring, averaging 17.7 chill hours, 8.6 chill hours, 17.0 chill units, and 0.40 chill portions per year calculated with the T(t) °C, 0°C °C, Utah, and Dynamic models, respectively. However, whether this decrease in chill values was statistically significant or not depended on the chill model used. This study did not investigate the cause of the observed historical trends in temperature and chill accumulation. Still, if the trends continue, they could significantly impact the future of the temperate fruit tree industry in the state.

关键词： Chill Hours Chill Units Chill Portions Temperature Fruit Trees Climate Change Dormancy

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Dialectical Thermodynamics’Solution to the Conceptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 775-799页

作者： josé C. Íñiguez Independent Researcher Douglas USA

According to the second law of thermodynamics, as currently understood, any given transit of a system along the reversible path proceeds with a total entropy change equal to zero. The fact that this condition is also the identifier of thermodynamic equilibrium, makes each and every point along the reversible path a state of equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic author, “a dense succession of equilibrium states”. The difficulties with these notions are plural. The fact, for example, that systems need to be forced out of equilibrium via the expenditure of work, would make any spontaneous reversible process a consumer of work, this in opposition to common thermodynamic wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible processes the most efficient transformers of work-producing-potential into actual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialectical Thermodynamics via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy change to the energy upgrading process represented by the transformation of heat into work. The said solution is here exemplified with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of butane into isobutane.

关键词： Thermodynamic Reversibility Solution to Inconsistencies Dialectical Thermodynamics

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Nickel-based cerium zirconate inorganic complex structures for CO_(2)valorisation via dry reforming of methane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 12-23页

作者： Juan Luis Martín-Espejo Loukia-Pantzechroula Merkouri Jesús Gándara-Loe josé Antonio Odriozola Tomas Ramirez Reina Laura Pastor-Pérez Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Material Sciences Institute of Seville University of Seville-CSICSeville 41092Spain Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUnited Kingdom

The increasing anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases(GHG)is encouraging extensive research in CO_(2)*** reforming of methane(DRM)depicts a viable strategy to convert both CO_(2)and CH4into syngas,a worthwhile chemical *** the different active phases for DRM,the use of nickel as catalyst is economically favourable,but typically deactivates due to sintering and carbon *** stabilisation of Ni at different loadings in cerium zirconate inorganic complex structures is investigated in this work as strategy to develop robust Ni-based DRM *** and TPR-H2analyses confirmed the existence of different phases according to the Ni loading in these ***,superficial Ni is observed as well as the existence of a CeNiO_(3)perovskite *** catalytic activity was tested,proving that 10 wt.%Ni loading is the optimum which maximises *** catalyst was also tested in long-term stability experiments at 600and 800℃in order to study the potential deactivation issues at two different *** 600℃,carbon formation is the main cause of catalytic deactivation,whereas a robust stability is shown at 800℃,observing no sintering of the active phase evidencing the success of this strategy rendering a new family of economically appealing CO_(2)and biogas mixtures upgrading catalysts.

关键词： CO_(2)conversion Dry reforming of methane Nickel catalysts Pyrochlore Cerium zirconate

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On the Identification of N-rich Metal-poor Field Stars with Future Chinese Space Station Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 151-164页

作者： Jiajun Zhang Baitian Tang Jiang Chang Xiangxiang Xue joséGFernández-Trincado Chengyuan Li Long Wang Hao Tian Yang Huang School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210034China Key Lab of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto de Astronomía Universidad Católica del NorteAv.Angamos 0610AntofagastaChile Key Lab of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

During the long term evolution of globular clusters(GCs), some member stars are lost to the field. The recently found nitrogen-rich(N-rich) metal-poor field stars are promising candidates of these GC escapees, since N enhancement is the fingerprint of chemically enhanced populations in GCs. In this work, we discuss the possibility of identifying N-rich metal-poor field stars with the upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST). We focus on the main survey camera with NUV, u, g, r, i, z, y filters and slitless spectrograph with a resolution about *** combination of UV sensitive equipment and prominent N-related molecular lines in the UV band bodes well for the identification: the color–color diagram of(u-g) versus(g-r) is capable of separating N-rich field stars from normal halo stars, if metallicity can be estimated without using the information on u-band ***, the synthetic spectra show that a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 is sufficient to identify N-rich field stars. In the near future, a large sample of N-rich field stars found by CSST, combined with state-of-the-art N-body simulations will be crucial to deciphering GC-Galaxy co-evolution.

关键词： stars:chemically peculiar stars:abundances techniques:photometric techniques:spectroscopic

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Starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human Supplementation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1343-1354页

作者： Fabio Tamanini Tatiane Zucchini de Souza Creusa Sayuri Tahara Amaral Antônio joséFelix Carvalho Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological Sciences University of Araraquara(UNIARA)São Paulo14801-340Brazil Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo13563-120Brazil

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersibleﬁlm(ODF),was designed and *** composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a ***,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral *** study shows a simple and efﬁcient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersibleﬁlms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical ***ﬁlms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent *** tests showed theﬁlms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling *** uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration *** tests in artiﬁcial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of theﬁlm for oral drug *** the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

关键词： Starch orodispersibleﬁlm melatonin drug delivery

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Opposite latitudinal gradients for species richness and phylogenetic diversity of endemic snakes in the Atlantic Forest

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 522-530页

作者： joséThales da Motta Portillo josuéAnderson Rēgo Azevedo Fausto Erritto Barbo Ricardo J.Sawaya Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Animal Instituto de BiocienciasLetras e Ciencias ExatasUniversidade Estadual Paulista"Julio de Mesquita Filho"Rua Cristovao Colombo2265Sao Josédo Rio PretoSao Paulo 15054-000Brazil Programa de Colecoes Cientificas Biologicas Coordenagao de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaAvenida AndréAraujo2936ManausAmazonas 69067-375Brazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre University of GothenburgBox 461GothenburgVastra Gotaland SE-40530Sweden Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisRodovia Machado-Paraguacukm 3MachadoMinas Gerais 37750-000Rraizil Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Humanas UniversidadeFederaldo ABCRua Arcturus03Sao Bernardo do CampoSao Paulo09606-070Brazil

The decrease in species richness toward higher latitudes is an expected biogeographical *** pattern could be related to particular envi-ronmental constraints and the evolutionary history of ***,species richness does not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clades behind their *** diversity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical *** analyzed envi-ronmental and historical drivers related to latitudinal variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Atlantic Forest endemic *** implemented species distribution models,from voucherbased locality points,to map the snake ranges and *** used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate the relationships among the diversity metrics and area,topographical roughness,and past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitudinal *** to the expected general pattern,species richness was higher toward higher latitudes,being positively related to past climatic *** richness also increased with total area and higher topographical *** diversity,on the other hand,showed opposite relationships related to the same *** diversity increased with lower climatic stability in lower ***,dimensions of diversity were affected in different ways by historical and environmental constraints in this unique and threatened biodiversity hotspot.

关键词： biodiversity latitudinal gradient neotropical region phylogenetic diversity serpents species richness.

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Diabetes mellitus and comorbidities in elderly people from the Lugu community:A critical-reflective analysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第11期15卷 2162-2166页

作者： joséCarlos Tatmatsu-Rocha joséCarlos Gomes-Pinto College of Medicine Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and FunctionalityFederal University of Ceará-UFCFortaleza 60810-786Brazil College of Medicine Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and FunctionalityFederal University of CearáFortaleza 60000-000Brazil

Ageing has a close relationship with chronic non-communicable diseases,such as diabetes mellitus and high blood *** pathologies are often associated with changes in eating habits and promote crucial physiological changes which act silently in the long term in the elderly *** to the speed of urban development and technological advances,there has been an increase in the population's life ***,it is essential to know the socio-demographic profile and prevalent comorbidities of the elderly population,which can provide a reliable and broad database to enable the outline of strategies and the promotion of efficient health *** this sense,the purpose of this editorial is to contribute to the debate surrounding the article that analysed epidemiological data from the Lugu *** mellitus,hypertension and cardiovascular pathologies and their comorbidities were the most prevalent conditions in this *** data could contribute to develop public policies constructively and assertively,allowing investments in the prevention and treatment of these pathologies.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Quality indicators Health care Hypertension Comorbidity Exercise

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Real World Evidence (RWE, Real World Data), of the Effectiveness of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in the Treatment of Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (Tonsillitis, Otitis, Sinusitis)

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 77-89页

作者： Maria gonzalez Yibirin Juan Chirinos David Alberto Rincón Matute Trinidad Coll Miriam Rosales Yuliana Guevara Kuanlin Doried Guitens Pérez Mauribel Figueroa Rosalía Romero Jurgensen Andrea Rojas Gabriel Jesús Arismendi gonzález Milagros Salcedo Marife Martina Marin Marcano Carolina Mendoza Marycarmen Anuel Maria Morao Raymond Aguilera Diego Ríos Maryenis Rodríguez Loren Sánchez Jennyfer Fernández Rafael gonzález Zaidith Zerpa Nelson Rodríguez Mirluis Rojas Sixtaime Quijada Mariangel Moya Diego Orsini Chris Gómez Hector Gamero josé Rodríguez Laboratorios LETI S.A.V. Guarenas Venezuela Ambulatorio Rural tipo II CPT3 Pampatar Venezuela Ambulatorio Los Robles CPT Dr. Luis Rosas Bravo Los Robles Venezuela Clnica Prevaler Pampatar Venezuela Hospital tipo 1 Dr. David Espinoza Rojas en Salamanca Salamanca Venezuela Centro Mdico Rotary El Valle Venezuela Ambulatorio Rural Tipo II CPT3 Dr. Enrique Albornoz Lares La Asuncin Venezuela

Real-world evidence (RWE) is clinical evidence on a medical product’s safety and efficacy that is generated using real-world data (RWD) resulting from routine healthcare delivery. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of amoxicillin + clavulanic acid in children with pharyngitis, acute otitis, or acute rhinosinusitis with suspected bacterial origin under normal office and home conditions. Methods: This was a real-life, prospective, observational, pharmacovigilance study. It included children of both sexes between 2 and 12 years old, with a diagnosis of Rhinopharyngitis (tonsillitis), Acute Otitis Media and Rhinosinusitis. The main effectiveness variable evaluated was reduction and time to resolution of symptoms. All patients received Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid suspension 600 mg/42.9 mg/5 mL at a dose of 90 mg/Kg/day in two doses, every 12 hours for 7 days. The evaluations were carried out at the beginning, at 72 hours (3rd day) and at 7 days. All patients underwent culture and antibiogram. Results: The majority of cultures were negative for pathogenic germs, suspecting unidentifiable germs, or viral etiology despite the rigorous selection of subjects following validated scores. The most frequently isolated germ was Staphylococcus aureus;growth of gram-negative bacteria was reported in 33.33% of the cultures. There was a significant improvement in symptoms in children with tonsillitis and rhinosinusitis from the first 72 hours of treatment, persisting until the 7 days. In the otitis media group, returning to normal by the tenth day. During the conduction of this investigation, no adverse effects associated with the prescribed therapy were reported.

关键词： Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid Tonsillitis Otitis Sinusitis

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Parameter Estimation for Hot-spot Thermal Model of Power Transformers Using Unscented Kalman Filters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 634-642页

作者： MiguelÁngel gonzález-Cagigal joséAntonio Rosendo-Macías Antonio Gómez-Expósito Department of Electrical Engineering University of SevilleSevilleSpain ENGREEN Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environmental Sustainability SevilleSpain

This paper presents a parameter estimation technique for the hot-spot thermal model of power *** proposed technique is based on the unscented formulation of the Kalman filter,jointly considering the state variables and parameters of the dynamic thermal model.A two-stage estimation technique that takes advantage of different loading conditions is developed,in order to increase the number of parameters which can be *** results are presented,which show that the observable parameters are estimated with an error of less than 3%.The parameter estimation procedure is mainly intended for factory testing,allowing the manufacturer to enhance the thermal model of power transformers and,therefore,its customers to increase the lifetime of these *** proposed technique could be additionally considered in field applications if the necessary temperature measurements are available.

关键词： Parameter estimation power transformer unscented Kalman filter thermal model

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Crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin for management symptoms of dry eye disease caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 1368-1373页

作者： josé-María Sánchez-gonzález Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo María Carmen Sánchez-gonzález Department of Physics of Condensed Matter Optics AreaUniversity of SevilleSeville 41012Spain

AIM:To study the effect of uncrosslinked and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other artificial tear components in patients with dry eye caused by moderate meibomian gland ***:Prospective,single-blind,contralateral eye *** eyes(25 patients)were *** selection for each tear type was random,and the eye drop formulations,0.4%uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid and 0.2%galactoxyloglucan(tear A)and 0.15%crosslinked hyaluronic acid,crocin,and liposomes(tear B)were *** determined dosing schedule was three times a day for six weeks,and the study participants underwent a clinical examination before and 45 d after lubricant *** Schirmer test,tear breakup time(TBUT)test,and Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire were applied before and after instillation period with both types of artificial ***:On the Schirmer test,a significant improvement was obtained with both tear A(P<0.01)and tear B(P<0.01).On the TBUT test,a significant improvement was obtained with tear A(P<0.01)and tear B(P<0.01).The OSDI score significantly decreased after instillation period with both artificial tear types(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other components,such as tamarind seed polysaccharide,and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with liposomes and crocin are effective for management symptoms of dry eye disease.

关键词： liposome crosslinked hyaluronic acid meibomian gland dysfunction contact lens dry eye disease

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