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Levels of Empathy among Dental Students in Five Chilean Universities

Health 2016年第1期8卷 32-41页

作者： Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez Aracelis Calzadilla Núñez Doris Carrasco Alex Bustos Alejandro Zamorano Henry Silva Elizabeth López Tagle Joyce Hubermann Robert Utsman Alejandro reyes reyes Faculty of Dentistry Universidad San Sebastián Santiago Chile Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Felix Bulnes Hospital Santiago Chile Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Department of Prevention and Public Health Faculty of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile School of Dentistry Universidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Faculty of Medicina-Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile School of Health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología (ULACIT) San José Costa Rica School of Psychology Universidad Santo Tomas Concepción Chile

Aim: To compare empathic levels among dental students of five Dental Faculties in Chile. Material and Methods: Empathic orientation of dental students was measured using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version for students (S version), validated in Chile and culturally adapted to dental students. The data were compared using analysis of variance trifactorial (model III) and by a discriminant analysis. Results: It was found that differences exist between universities empathic orientation, courses, and gender. Conclusions: The results showed a great variability of empathetic guidance values on the factors studied. Discriminant test confirm the similarity and differences found among faculties from the data matrix provided by the scale used. It is not possible in this investigation to explain the variability found.

关键词： Empathy Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy Empathic Levels Empathy Components

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Hepatoprotective effect of Geranium schiedeanum against ethanol toxicity during liver regeneration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7718-7729页

作者： Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán Mirandeli Bautista Juan A Gayosso-De-Lucio Yadira reyes-Rosales Araceli Posadas-Mondragón ángel Morales-González Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa Jazmín García-Machorro Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar Iselaálvarez-González joséA Morales-González Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación Escuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalPlan de San Luis y Díaz MirónMéxico DF 11340México área Académica de Farmacia ICSaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoPachuca de Sotoestado de HidalgoCP 42000México Escuela Superior de Cómputo Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Juan de Dios Bátiz s/n esquina Miguel Othón de MendizabalUnidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalPlan de San Luis y Díaz MirónColonia Casco de Santo TomasDel.Miguel HidalgoMéxico DF 11340México Laboratorio de Genética Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Wilfrido MassieuUnidad A.López MateosZacatencoMéxico DF 07700México

AIM: To evaluate the effect of an extract of Geranium schiedeanum(Gs) as a hepatoprotective agent against ethanol(Et OH)-induced toxicity in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats weighing 200-230 g were subjected to a 70% partial hepatectomy(PH); they were then divided into three groups(groups 1-3). During the experiment, animals in group 1 drank only water. The other two groups(2-3) drank an aqueous solution of Et OH(40%, v/v). Additionally, rats in group 3 received a Gs extract daily at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight intragastically. Subsequently, to identify markers of liver damage in serum, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin and bilirubin were measured by colorimetric methods. Glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were also determined. In addition, oxidative damage was estimated by measuring lipid peroxidation [using thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances(TBARS)] in both plasma and the liver and by measuring the total concentration of antioxidants in serum and the total antioxidant capacity in the liver. In addition, a liver mass gain assessment, total DNA analysis and a morpho-histological analysis of the liver from animals in all three groups were performed and compared. Finally, the number of deaths observed in the three groups was ***: Administration of the Geranium shiedeanum extract significantly reduced the unfavorable effect of ethanol on liver regeneration(restitution liver mass: PHEt OH group 60.68% vs PH-Gs-Et OH group 69.22%). This finding was congruent with the reduced levels of hepatic enzymes and the sustained or increased levels of albumin and decreased bilirubin in serum. The extract also modified the metabolic processes that regulate glucose and lipid levels, as observed from the serum measurements. Lower antioxidant levels and the liver damage induced by Et OH administration appeared to be mitigated by the extract, as observed from the TBARs(PH-Et OH group 200.14 mmol/mg vs PH-Gs-Et OH group 5

关键词： Geranium schiedeanum Liver regeneration Ethanol Free radicals Nuclear factor erythroid-2-relatedfactor 2

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Anterior and Posterior Approach Results for Treatment of Cervical Myelopathy in the Elderly: A 10-Year Experience in a Mexican Institution

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第7期11卷 207-219页

作者： Mauricio Daniel Sánchez-Calderón María Elena Córdoba-Mosqueda josé Ramón Aguilar-Calderón Carlos René Domínguez-Herz Diego Ochoa-Cacique Daniel Alejandro Vega-Moreno Victor Andrés reyes-Rodriguez Ulises García-González Abraham Ibarra-de la Torre Rodrigo Efraín Hernández-Reséndiz Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de Alta Especialidad de PEMEX Periferico sur 4091 Fuentes del Pedregal Tlalpan México City México Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Centenario de la Revolución Mexicana” ISSSTE Cuernavaca Palo Escrito Emiliano Zapata Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Central Norte PEMEX Mexico City México Department of Neurosurgery Hospital &Aacute ngeles Clí nica Londres Mexico City Mexico

Introduction: Degeneration of the cervical spine (CDSD) prevalence is nearly 90% by the 7th decade. This is the first research that compares the outcomes between the Anterior Approach (AA) and Posterior Approach (PA) to cervical myelopathy (CM) in the elderly. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study of electronic health records at the Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad (HCSAE), PEMEX from January 2010 to May 2020 with patients older than 60 years submitted to cervical surgery. For the analysis we elaborated two groups according to the surgical approach: AA vs PA;we analyzed the trans-operative behavior, the immediate outcome, and after 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Results: As a total of 145 patients, the prevalence of CM in elderly was the 63.8% with a median age of 69 (64 - 75) years. We found statistical differences in strength outcome only in the P3m (p = 0.011), for sensitivity we found major prevalence of affection in the PA group. We didn’t report a significant difference in the Neck Disability Index (NDI) at all measures, but the PA presented a major incapacity. The Nurick scale results were significant in all stages (p . Discussion: Patients show significant improvements in outcome measures with either anterior or posterior surgery. Both approaches are highly efficacious in preventing neurolo

关键词： Cervical Spine Surgical Approach Elderly Cervical Myelopathy Cervical Degenerative Spine Disease

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Brassinosteroids and Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Stress. An Overview

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Open Journal of Metal 2013年第2期3卷 34-41页

作者： Miriam Núnez Vázquez Yanelis reyes Guerrero Lisbel Martínez González Walfredo Torres de la Noval Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Institute of Agricultural SciencesSan Joséde las LajasCuba

Soil contamination with heavy metals has become a world-wide problem, leading to the loss in agricultural productivity. Plants have a remarkable ability to take up and accumulate heavy metals from their external environment and it is well known that high levels of heavy metals affect different physiological and metabolic processes. Brassinosteroids are considered as the sixth class of plant hormones and they are essential for plant growth and development. These compounds are able of inducing abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this paper, information about brassinosteroids and plant responses to heavy metal stress is reviewed.

关键词： Heavy Metal Stress Brassinosteroids Tolerance

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Mathematical Modeling of the Hydrodynamics of an EGSB Reactor

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第6期8卷 602-610页

作者： Gleyce Teixeira Correia Tania Pérez-Pérez Ileana Pereda-reyes Deny Oliva Merencio Marcelo Zaiat Wu Hong Kwong Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos Sao Carlos 13565-905 Brazil Institute of Animal Science Mayabeque 32700 Cuba Study Center of Process Engineering Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Eeheverria " Havana 19390 Cuba Study Center of Renewable Energy Technologies lnstituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverria " Havana 19390 Cuba Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation School of Engineering of Sao Carlos University of Sao Paulo Sao Carlos 13563-120 Brazil

Generally, in the literature, the hydrodynamic behavior of an EGSB （expanded granular sludge bed） reactor is considered as a complete mix reactor. Few works study in detail the flow of such reactors. The aim of this work was to study, in detail, the hydrodynamics of an EGSB reactor and to propose a mathematical model to describe its flow. A 3.04 L reactor was used with HRT （hydraulic retention time） of 12 h, affluent flowrate of 4 mL·min^-1, and the recirculation flow rate was changed to study three different upflow velocities in the tube （6, 8 and 10 m·h^-1. The pulse input method was used, with the use of blue dextran as tracer. In order to consider the dimensional differences between the tube and the separator, the reactor was divided into two regions （tube and separator）. Initially, a model with two tubular reactors with dispersion in series was proposed and the Peclet number was adjusted for the two regions. It was observed that the region of the tube shows the behavior of a tubular reactor with high dispersion, whereas the region of the separator shows the behavior of a complete mix reactor. In order to simplify the equation, and by knowing that the concentration profile along the reactor was almost constant, a model of two CSTRs （continuous stirred tank reactors） was proposed in series and the number of reactors （N） was set. The best combination was five CSTRs, three in the tube region and two in the separator region. The presented models were equivalent and can be used to describe the hydrodynamic behavior of the EGSB reactor.

关键词： EGSB reactor hydrodynamics mathematical modeling.

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Pasture Production and Sheep Behavior in Mixed or Adjacent Monocultures Swards in Different Seasons of the Year

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第6期8卷 370-376页

作者： Ingrid Merchant Jaime Jesús Solano reyes Vázquez Virginio Aguirre joséHerrera-Haro Agustín Orihuela Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the State of MorelosCuernavacaMorelos 62210Mexico Bachelors Center of Agriculture Technology No.154 Huitzilac General Directorate of Agricultural Technology EducationMorelos 62510Mexico Ministry of Agriculture LivestockRural DevelopmentFisheries and FoodPostgraduate CollegeMontecillos 56230Mexico

Traditionally,forage is grown in mixed(Mi)or monoculture(Mo)***,there is currently no evaluation of the advantages of these production systems under tropical *** aim of this study was to evaluate forage production and animal behavior in Mi and Mo pastures containing white clover(Trifolium repens L.),African star(Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst)and Taiwan Napier(Pennisetum purpureum Schumach),using a completely randomized design with two treatments(Mo and Mi)and three repetitions during the four seasons of the *** each repetition and season,three sheep were evaluated for 8 h/d during three consecutive *** forage produced in Mo and Mi pastures was similar(p>0.05)during the four seasons of the *** displayed higher(p<0.01)average daily weight gains(ADG)when grazed on Mi than Mo pastures,particularly during summer,autumn and winter,seasons that corresponded to the higher dry matter intake(DMI)(p<0.05),even though sheep spent more time(p<0.01)grazing on Mo pastures,when compared with *** was concluded that there is no advantage in forage production when associations of white clover and two tropical grasses are grown in Mo or Mi ***,heavier sheep are obtained from the later as a result of an increase in forage consumption.

关键词： Trifolium repens Cynodon nlemfuensis Pennisetum purpureum grazing behavior pasture

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Production and activity of matrix metalloproteinases during liver fibrosis progression of chronic hepatitis C patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第2期13卷 218-232页

作者： Moises Martinez-Castillo Abigail Hernandez-Barragan Ivonne Flores-Vasconcelos Marina Galicia-Moreno Dorothy Rosique-Oramas jose Luis Perez-Hernandez Fatima Higuera-De la Tijera Eduardo E Montalvo-Jave Aldo Torre-Delgadillo Paula Cordero-Perez Linda Muñoz-Espinosa David Kershenobich Gabriela Gutierrez-reyes Liver Pancreas and Motility LaboratoryUnit of Experimental MedicineSchool of MedicineGeneral Hospital of MexicoUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico City 06726Mexico Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene TherapyHealth Science University CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 06726Mexico Department of Gastroenterology General Hospital of Mexico“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga”Mexico City 06726Mexico Department of General Surgery General Hospital of Mexico“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga”School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico City 06726Mexico Hepatology and Liver Transplant National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition“Salvador Zubirán”Mexico City 06726Mexico University Hospital“Dr.joséEleuterio González ”Autonomous University of Nuevo LeonMonterrey 06726Mexico

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)participate in the degradation of extracellular matrix compounds,maintaining the homeostasis between fibrogenesis and fibrolytic processes in the ***,there are few studies on the regulation of liver MMPs in fibrosis progression in *** To assess the production activity and regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in liver fibrosis stages in chronic hepatitis C(CHC).METHODS A prospective,cross-sectional,multicenter study was *** patients were categorized in fibrosis grades through FibroTest®and/or FibroScan®.Serum MMP-2,-7,and-9 were determined by western blot and multiplex suspension array *** were validated by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U *** Spearman correlation coefficient and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were *** and gelatinase activity was determined through the Azocoll substrate and zymogram test,whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 production was determined by dot blot *** Serum concentrations of the MMPs evaluated were higher in CHC patients than in healthy ***-7 distinguished early and advanced stages,with a correlation of 0.32(P<0.001),and the area under the receiver operating characteristic displayed moderate sensitivity and specificity for MMP-7 in F4(area under the receiver operating characteristic,0.705;95%confidence interval:0.605-0.805;P<0.001).Collagenolytic activity was detected at F0 and F1,whereas gelatinase activity was not detected at any fibrosis *** inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 determination showed upregulation in F0 and F1 but downregulation in F2(P<0.001).CONCLUSION High concentrations of inactive MMPs were present in the serum of CHC patients,reflecting the impossibility to restrain liver fibrosis *** could be good diagnostic candidates and therapeutic targets for improving novel strategies to reverse liver fibrosis in CHC.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Matrix metalloproteinases Liver fibrosis Chronic hepatitis C Fibrogenesis Fibrolysis

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Comparison between Two Urban Wastewater Primary Treatment Trains

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2022年第6期11卷 195-200页

作者： Alfonso Espitia-Cabrera Berenice Quintana-Díaz joséde Jesús Naranjo Sánchez Alejandro reyes Martínez Griselda Gonzalez Cardoso Energy Department Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityAzcapotzalco CDMX 02200Mexico

This paper evaluated two different wastewater primary treatments of wastewater from the“Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana,Azcapotzalco Campus”,a conventional one integrated for coagulation,flocculation,sedimentation and filtration versus one alternative integrated for in-line coagulation to precondition to rapid *** wastewater was from the Azcapotzalco Campus in Mexico City,and in both cases,we characterized the wastewater,measured:pH,conductivity,temperature,total dissolved solids,dissolved oxygen,ORP(Oxide Reduction Potential),turbidity,and COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand).Conventional treatment was slightly better treatment,but the alternative treatment represents saving in equipment,reactive,energy and time,so it was considered a viable technical and economic wastewater primary treatment.

关键词： Wastewater primary treatment rapid filter performance static mixer

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Evaluation of the Influence of Hyoscine Butylbromide on the Oral Bioavailability of Lansoprazole in Healthy Adult Volunteers

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第7期7卷 264-271页

作者： Noemí Santos-Caballero Lina Marcela Barranco-Garduño josé Carlos Aguilar-Carrasco Miriam del Carmen Carrasco-Portugal Francisco Javier Flores-Murrieta Landsteiner Scientific S.A. de C.V. Mexico City Mexico Unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas Mexico City Mexico Departamento de Biología Celular Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes Mexico City Mexico Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico

The gastroesophageal reflux and/or peptic ulcer diseases are clinical conditions that occur usually accompanied of symptomatic pain. Lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor class drug is widely used in clinical practice for treatment of these diseases. However, its efficacy can be improved by combining with spasmolytic and/or visceral analgesic such as hyoscine butylbromide. Since hyoscine butylbromide is barely absorbed and exerts some local effects at gastrointestinal tract which may modify the absorption of lansoprazole, it is important to establish if there is a pharmacokinetic interaction after the oral concomitant administration of both drugs. For this objective, twenty-five subjects received under a crossover design an oral administration of lansoprazole (15 mg) plus placebo or a fixed-dose combination with hyoscine butiylbromide (15 mg + 10 mg, respectively). Plasma samples were obtained at different times during 10 hours. Lansoprazole plasma concentrations were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Fixed-dose combination was well tolerated. Lansoprazole pharmacokinetic parameters were: Cmax 621.81 ± 212.79 and 450.38 ± 192.14 ng/mL;AUC0-t 1941.36 ± 845.57 and 1454.66 ± 757.28 ng·h/mL;tmax 2.83 ± 0.99 and 3.40 ± 1.82h;t1/2 1.35 ± 0.39 and 1.45 ± 0.51 h, for alone and combined fixed-dose formulation, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared by analysis of variance and ratios of AUC0-t, Cmax and 90% confidence intervals obtained. Since confidence intervals exceed the 80% - 125% limits for these parameters, we conclude that there is a significantly pharmacokinetic interaction of lansoprazole when it is administered concomitantly with hyoscine butylbromide.

关键词： Lansoprazole Hyoscine Butylbromide Fixed-Dose Formulation Pharmacokinetic Interaction

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Cellular Forms in Cultivation in Suspension of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy Variety Surprise

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第4期8卷 203-211页

作者： Christian Marely Rodriguez-Salazar josé Roman-Reynosa Sandra Victoria Avila-reyes Franklin Loring-Younce Antonio Ruperto Jiménez-Aparicio Silvia Evangelista-Lozano Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CEPROBI-IPN) Carretera Yautepec-JojutlaKm 6calle CEPROBI no. 8Colonia San IsidroC.P. 62731YautepecMorelosMéxico Tecnológico de Zacatepec del Instituto Nacional de México Calzada Tecnológico 27Col. Plan de AyalaC.P. 62780Zacatepec de HidalgoMorelosMéxico CONACyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CEPROBI-IPN) Carretera Yautepec-JojutlaKm 6calle CEPROBI No. 8Colonia San IsidroC.P. 62731YautepecMorelosMéxico School of Food Science Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-6376USA

The objective of this work was to describe the predominant cell forms in the phases of growth kinetics in a suspension culture of the Bougainvillea glabra Choisy variety *** in suspension with Murashige and Skoog(MS)basal culture medium were supplemented with six different concentrations and combinations of vegetable growth regulator(VGR)of type auxin(2,4-D and NAA)and cytokinin(BAP)(0.2-5.3 mg/L)and a *** callus was obtained from leaf explants ex vitro to in vitro culture in solid MS medium using PhytagelTM as gelling agent to 2.2 g/L.A portion of callus(1.0 g)was used as cellular inoculum and grown under controlled conditions(50 mL,120 rpm,25°C and luminous intensity of 48μmol m2/s).The best treatment with significant differences(p≤0.05)were with a hormonal relation of 2:1 of BAP and NAA,respectively,with a fresh weight yield ranging from 1.7905 g to 5.8340 g,which represents around 70%.An adaptation phase was observed from day 0 to day 14 on the curve of fresh weight;an exponential phase at day 14 to day 19 and a declination phase at day *** forms in the adaptation phase were elongated cells,a few globular and a few with kidney *** the exponential phase,these cells formed small aggregates of globular *** the death phase,brown,elongated,damaged and fragmented cells were *** this data obtained it is possible to establish the subculture time in fresh medium.

关键词： Bougainvillea kinetics of cell growth in vitro culture

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