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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández González María josé Presno manuel Landajo Department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,R&D,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： LMDI Decomposition Spain GHG emissions

Effect of Carbohydrate Intolerance and Gestational Diabetes on Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第6期4卷 243-248页

作者： Leticia Lara-ávila josé manuel brambila-durán Diego Armando Camacho-Ramírez Felipe de Jesús Peraza-Garay Adrián Herrera-Salazar Fred Morgan-Ortiz Health Sciences Research and Teaching Center Autonomous University of Sinaloa Civil Hospital of Culiacan Culiacan Mexico

Objectives: To compare the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications among patients with carbohydrate intolerance (CHI) and gestational diabetes (GD). Materials and Methods: In a prospective study at the Civil Hospital of Culiacán, we studied 182 pregnant patients between 16 and 30 weeks of gestation (WG) who received a glucose tolerance test following the oral administration of 100 g of glucose. The patients were classified as normal (n = 53), CHI (n = 61) and GD (n = 68) between January 15 to november 30, 2012. The analyzed variables included the frequency of polyhydramnios, preeclampsia-eclampsia, obstetric hemorrhage, fetal macrosomia, and admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (nICU). Results: no significant differences were found between women with CHI and women with GD with respect to obstetric hemorrhage (P = 0.774), preeclampsia-eclampsia (P = 0.590), and macrosomia (P = 0.119). However, polyhydramnios was more frequent in CHI group (OR = 3) compared to GD, whereas admission to the nICU was lower in the CHI group compared to GD group (OR = 0.38). Conclusion: Preeclampsia-eclampsia, obstetric hemorrhage, and macrosomia were similar among patients with CHI and GD. In contrast, polyhydramnios was more frequent in patients with CHI compared to patients with GD, but admission to the nICU was more frequent in patients with GD.

关键词： Glucose Tolerance Test Carbohydrate Intolerance Gestational Diabetes Perinatal Outcome

Clinicopathological alterations in wild mammals from the reservoir system of Trypanosoma cruzi:a scoping review

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Animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 48-58页

作者： Ricardo Sanchez Pérez josémanuel Aranda-Coello joséAntonio De Fuentes Vicente Oscar Rico Chavez Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan Universidad Nacional Autonoma deMexicoCuautitlan lzcalliEstadodeMexicoMexico El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Unidad Campeche CampecheCampecheMexico Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas-Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas Tuxtla GutierrezChiapasMexico Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia-Universidad nacional Autonoma deMexico Ciudad deMexicoMexico

Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas *** flagellated protozoan is transmitted to humans as well as different species of domestic and wild animals via vectors from the Reduviidae family(known as"kissing bugs").Despite the fact that hundreds of species of wild mammals are part of the reservoir system,the morphologi-cal changes and clinical manifestations resulting from the pathogenesis of the infection have been largely *** aim of this review is to systematically compile the available information regarding clinicopathological altera-tions in wild mammals due to natural infection by *** was obtained from six online bibliographic data search platforms,resulting in the identification of 29 publications that met the inclusion *** was the most common clinical manifestation,cardiac damage was the main finding at necropsy,and lymphoplas-macytic inflammation was the most frequent microscopic ***,regardless of its role as a reservoir,*** has the potential to affect the health status of wild mammals,a situation that highlights the need for further research to analyze,measure,and compare its effects at both the individual and population levels.

关键词： Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas disease American trypanosomiasis Clinicopathological alterations natural infection Wild mammals

Differential Expression of Genes Related to Fruit Development and Capsaicinoids Synthesis in Habanero Pepper Plants Grown in Contrasting Soil Types

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 151-183页

作者： Eduardo Burgos-Valencia Federico García-Laynes Ileana Echevarría-Machado Fatima Medina-Lara Miriam Monforte-González josénarváez-Zapata manuel Martínez-Estévez Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas Centro de Investigación Científica de YucatánCalle 43#130Chuburnáde HidalgoMéridaYucatán97205México Instituto Politécnico nacional-Centro de Biotecnología Genómica Blvd Del Maestro esq.Elias PiñaReynosaTamaulipas88710México

Habanero pepper(Capsicum chinense Jacq.)is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of *** fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world,which gives them industrial *** is an important factor that affects pepper development,nutritional quality,and capsaicinoid ***,the effect of soil type on fruit development and capsaicinoid metabolism has been little *** work aimed to compare the effect of soils with contrasting characteristics,black soil(BS)and red soil(RS),on the expression of genes related to the development of fruits,and capsaicinoid synthesis using a transcriptomic analysis of the habanero pepper *** growing in RS had bigger fruits and higher expression of genes related to floral development,fruit abscission,and softening which suggests that RS stimulates fruit development from early stages until maturation *** from plants growing in BS had enrichment in metabolic pathways related to growth,sugars,and ***,these fruits had higher capsaicinoid accumulation at 25 days post-anthesis,and higher expression of genes related to the branched-chain amino acids metabolism(ketol-acid reductisomerase KARI),pentose phosphate pathway and production of nADPH(glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase G6PDH),and proteasome and vesicular traffic in cells(26S proteasome regulatory subunit T4 RPT4),which suggest that BS is better in the early stimulation of pathways related to the nutritional quality and capsaicinoid metabolism in the fruits.

关键词： Capsicum chinense jacq soil types plant growth environmental conditions fruit quality capsaicinoid metabolism transcriptome

A Probabilistic Description of the Impact of Vaccine-Induced Immunity in the Dynamics of COVID-19 Transmission

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2024年第2期12卷 59-73页

作者： Javier Blecua Juan Fernández-Recio josé manuel Gutiérrez Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja Logro&#241o Spain Departamento de Matemá ticas y Computaci&#243n Universidad de La Rioja Logro&#241o Spain

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has caused millions of deaths worldwide and a huge societal and economic impact in virtually all countries. A large variety of mathematical models to describe the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission have been reported. Among them, Bayesian probabilistic models of COVID-19 transmission dynamics have been very efficient in the interpretation of early data from the beginning of the pandemic, helping to estimate the impact of non-pharmacological measures in each country, and forecasting the evolution of the pandemic in different potential scenarios. These models use probability distribution curves to describe key dynamic aspects of the transmission, like the probability for every infected person of infecting other individuals, dying or recovering, with parameters obtained from experimental epidemiological data. However, the impact of vaccine-induced immunity, which has been key for controlling the public health emergency caused by the pandemic, has been more challenging to describe in these models, due to the complexity of experimental data. Here we report different probability distribution curves to model the acquisition and decay of immunity after vaccination. We discuss the mathematical background and how these models can be integrated in existing Bayesian probabilistic models to provide a good estimation of the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission during the entire pandemic period.

关键词： COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics Probabilistic Model Bayesian Analysis Markov Chain Monte Carlo

Generalized Height-Diameter Models for Pinus montezumae Lamb. and Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. Plantations in Michoacan, Mexico

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 214-232页

作者： Jonathan Hernández-Ramos Valentín josé Reyes-Hernández Héctor manuel De los Santos-Posadas Aurelio manuel Fierros-González Enrique Buendía-Rodríguez Gerónimo Quiñonez-Barraza Instituto nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrcolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)-Campo Experimental Bajo Celaya Guanajuato Mxico Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Montecillo Mxico InIFAP Campo Experimental Valle de Mxico Texcoco Mxico InIFAP Campo Experimental Valle del Guardiana Durango Mxico

Tree height (H) in a natural stand or forest plantation is a fundamental variable in management, and the use of mathematical expressions that estimate H as a function of diameter at breast height (d) or variables at the stand level is a valuable support tool in forest inventories. The objective was to fit and propose a generalized H-d model for Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus established in forest plantations of nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacan, Mexico. Using nonlinear least squares (nLS), 10 generalized H-d models were fitted to 883 and 1226 pairs of H-d data from Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus, respectively. The best model was refitted with the maximum likelihood mixed effects model (MEM) approach by including the site as a classification variable and a known variance structure. The Wang and Tang equation was selected as the best model with nLS;the MEM with an additive effect on two of its parameters and an exponential variance function improved the fit statistics for Pinus montezumae and Pinus pseudostrobus, respectively. The model validation showed equality of means among the estimates for both species and an independent subsample. The calibration of the MEM at the plot level was efficient and might increase the applicability of these results. The inclusion of dominant height in the MEM approach helped to reduce bias in the estimates and also to better explain the variability among plots.

关键词： Random Covariate Random Effects Variance Structure Forest Inventories Forest Management Mixed Models

Carbocysteine as Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients without Underlying Chronic Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 39-50页

作者： Myriam Calle Rubio Olga de la Serna Blazquez josé Luis R. Martin manuel Ruiz Cuetos Pulmonology Department Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain Department of Medicine School of Medicine Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC) Madrid Spain Pediatric Pulmonology Unit Pediatrics Department Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain Simplifying Research Institute Layos Spain Medical department in ITF Research Pharma S.L.U. Alcobendas Spain

Objective: This study aims to systematically examine the existing evidence regarding the clinical benefits of carbocysteine as an adjunctive treatment in acute bronchopulmonary and otorhinological processes. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: An electronic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, ***, and the European Clinical Trial Register, with the search dated to May 2023. Bibliographic references from other literature reviews and meta-analyses were also reviewed. The search was limited to randomized clinical trials published in any language and year. It was completed by cross-checking the references of the located articles. Methods: Inclusion criteria covered studies assessing systemic or inhaled carbocysteine, regardless of dosing regimen. Concomitant medication use was acceptable if balanced between intervention and control groups. Authors independently extracted data, resolving disagreements through consensus. Methodological quality assessment relied on critical reading of each study. Dichotomous variables were analyzed using odds ratio (OR), and a final effect size was calculated. Statistical significance was established when confidence intervals did not cross the neutral value. Heterogeneity was assessed via the X2 test and I2 index. Results: Out of 318 initially identified studies, 4 met inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis for poor general condition yielded an OR of 0.45 in favor of intervention, p = 0.013, with non-significant heterogeneity. Cough events showed a percentage of 15.8% for carbocysteine vs. 27.2% for placebo. On the seventh day, expectoration rates were 18.37% for carbocysteinevs 33.3% for placebo. Conclusions: The observed clinical benefits align with carbocysteine’s mucoactive and muco-regulatory properties, complemented by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Carbocysteine stands out among mucolytic agents. In the context of persistent infectious diseases,

关键词： Acute Respiratory Infections Carbocystenine Systematic Review Meta-Analysis

Effect of Mushroom Extract Hericium erinaceus on Spatial Memory and Morphology of neurons in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of the Hippocampus in Ovariectomized Rats

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 163-179页

作者： Lucia Garcia-Delgado Mariana Monserrath Verdía-Venegas Jacinto Bañuelos-Pineda Esther Albarrán-Rodríguez Guillermo nolasco-Rodriguez josé Ricardo Cuellar-Pérez Sergio Fausto-Guerra manuel Rosales-Cortés Master in Behavioral Sciences Institute of Neurosciences University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico Department of Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Sciences CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico Botany and Zoology Laboratory CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico

Various studies indicate that low levels of estradiol negatively impact cognitive abilities. Extracts from the fungus Hericium erinaceus (HE) contain bioactive components that promote the proper functioning of the nervous system and potential effects on protection against neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and motor dysfunctions. The objective was to evaluate the effects of the administration of the HE mushroom extract on visuospatial memory and morphology of neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus in ovariectomized rats. 40 young Wistar rats weighing 90 ± 10 g BW were used, which were distributed into four groups of 10 animals;Control Group, non-ovariectomized and untreated rats;Group E2, ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol (2 μg/kg/body weight);Group HE, ovariectomized rats treated with the extract of the fungus Hericium erinaceus (0.5 mg/kg body weight) and Group Ovx/ST, ovariectomized rats, without treatment. The animals were tested in the Barnes and Open Field maze, then they were sacrificed, and their brains were obtained to perform a histological analysis of neuronal morphology in the CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. The most outstanding results showed that the Ovx/ST group recorded the longest time to arrive at the escape box and stay in the Barnes maze. A correlation was observed between neuronal damage and function;in the groups that did not present satisfactory performance in the maze tests, morphological alterations were identified such as the presence of some neuronal somata with degeneration characteristics such as pyknosis, nuclear basophilia and shrinkage of the cells. Its soma, as well as a decrease in the nuclear area of CA1 and CA3 neurons. It is concluded that the fungus Hericium erinaceus exerted a neuroprotective effect on the neuronal bodies of the hippocampus, associated with better performance in the visuospatial recognition memory test.

关键词： Ovariectomized Rats Ovarian Hypofunction Estradiol Hericium erinaceus Barnes Circular Labyrinth Open Field Labyrinth

Venopulmonary ECMO Improved Hypoxemia and Supported the Right Ventricle in a Patient with Decompensated Eisenmenger Syndrome

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第1期14卷 7-19页

作者： Daniel Manzur-Sandoval Gian manuel Jiménez-Rodríguez Edgar García-Cruz Ramón Espinosa-Soto Erika Yamali Ramirez-Marcano Yessenia Máyory Téllez-López josé Luis Elizalde-Silva Gustavo Rojas-Velasco Cardiovascular Critical Care Unit Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico Cardiology Department Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico

Mechanical circulatory and/or respiratory assistance with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become a standard of care for patients with circulatory (venoarterial) and/or respiratory (venovenous) failure refractory to standard therapies. Adult patients with congenital heart disease are an increasingly recognized and growing population and include various groups, such as undiagnosed cases in childhood and palliated and/or corrected cases, which require subsequent care because of residual lesions, cardiac arrest/insufficiency, and arrhythmias, among other conditions. In addition, these patients are prone to developing pathologies that are typical of adulthood with a generally increased risk of morbidity and mortality because of their low reserves and organic damage associated with the underlying heart disease, which makes them candidates for ECMO. These patients represent an additional challenge in this therapy because malformations and the presence of a shunt can generally affect the usual cannulation methods and hemodynamic and oximetry monitoring. Thus, the configuration decision must be made on a case-by-case basis. Here, we present a cannulation method, venopulmonary artery ECMO, which provides hemodynamic and respiratory support, and may be ideal for patients with shunts and/or right ventricular dysfunction. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this configuration in patients with congenital heart diseases.

关键词： Eisenmenger Syndrome Venopulmonary Artery ECMO Refractory Hypoxemia Right Ventricular Dysfunction

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍnGUEZ BUCIO HAO LIU josÉmanuel LUQUE GOnZÁLEZ FRAnCISCO JURADO-ROMERO ALEJAnDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLEnn CHURCHILL JAMES C.GATES JAMES HILLIER nIKOLAOS KALFAGIAnnIS DAnIELE MELATI JEnS H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIAnI PAVEL CHEBEn J.GOnZALO WAnGÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOLInA-FERnÁnDEZ FREDERIC GARDES COSIMO LACAVA PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de nanosciences et de nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal