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A novel supplement with yeast b-glucan, prebiotic, minerals and Silybum marianum synergistically modulates metabolic and inflammatory pathways and improves steatosis in obese mice

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第5期19卷 439-450页

作者： Victor Abou Nehmi Gilson Masahiro Murata Ruan Carlos Macêdo de Moraes Gabriely Cristina AlvesLima Danielle Araujo De Miranda Katrin Radloff Raquel Galvao Figuerêdo Costa Joyce de Cassia Rosade Jesus Jéssica Alves De Freitas Nayara Izabel Viana Ruan Pimenta Katia ramos Moreira Leite joséPinhata Otoch Ana Flávia Marcal Pessoa Laboratory of Medical Investigation(LIM-26) Department of SurgeryUniversity of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao PauloSP 01246903Brazil Laboratory of Medical Investigation(LIM-29) Clinic Medical DepartmentUniversity of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao PauloSP 01246903Brazil Department of Physiology Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de Sao PauloSP 04023062Brazil Max Rubner-Institut Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and FoodKarlsruheBW 76131Germany Cancer and Inflammation Program Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892United States Laboratory of Medical Investigation(LIM-55) Urology DepartmentUniversity of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao PauloSP 01246903Brazil D'Or Institute for Research and Education RJ 22281-100Brazil Program in Anesthesiology Surgical Sciencesand Perioperative MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloSP 01246903Brazil Brazilian Academic Consortium for Integrative Health(CABSIN) Natural Products CommitteeSao PauloSP 05449-070Brazil

Objective: To evaluate the synergic effects of a novel oral supplement formulation, containing prebiotics,yeast b-glucans, minerals and silymarin(Silybum marianum), on lipid and glycidic metabolism, inflammatory and mitochondrial proteins of the liver, in control and high-fat diet-induced obese ***: After an acclimation period, 32 male C57 BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups:nonfat diet(NFD) vehicle, NFD supplemented, high-fat diet(HFD) vehicle and HFD supplemented. The vehicle and experimental formulation were administered orally by gavage once a day during the last four weeks of the diet(28 consecutive days). We then evaluated energy homeostasis, inflammation, and mitochondrial protein expression in these groups of ***: After four weeks of supplementation, study groups experienced reduced glycemia, dyslipidemia,fat, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, proliferator-activated receptor-α, AMP-activated protein kinase-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, and mitochondrial transcription factor A expression levels were augmented;however, levels of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinase subunit a and p65 nuclear factor-κB expression, and oxidative markers were reduced. Notably, the cortisol/C-reactive protein ratio, a well-characterized marker of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis immune interface status, was found to be modulated by the ***: We discovered that the novel supplement was able to modify different antioxidant, metabolic and inflammatory pathways, improving the energy homeostasis and inflammatory status, and consequently alleviated hepatic steatosis.

关键词： Supplement Silymarin Prebiotic Obese Mice Steatosis Inflammation Mitochondrial biogenesis

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Growth and Production of Hydroponic Pepper under Salt Stress and Plant Density

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2255-2267页

作者： Guilherme De Freitas Furtado Antonio ramos Cavalcante Lúcia Helena G. Chaves josé Amilton Santos Júnior Hans Raj Gheyi Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Rec&#244 ncavo da Bahia Cruz das Almas Brazil

The viability of the use of brackish water in the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables cannot dispense with auxiliary techniques such as water mixing and the use of plant densities. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to analyze the growth and production of sweet pepper, cv. All Big, under hydroponic conditions, under different levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.7, 3.7, 5.7, 7.7, 9.7 and 11.7 dS·m-1) in plants spaced every 0.2 m and 0.3 m. These treatments were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, analyzed in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with five replications. The growth variables were evaluated at 60, 75 and 90 days after sowing and the production variables at the time of harvest;however, the results were submitted to analysis of variance, at a 0.05 probability level. The interaction between the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution and the density of plants influenced the behavior of the growth and production variables of pepper (All Big). It was verified that the pepper plants had better performance of the biometric variables plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves when cultivated every 30 cm. At the time, in the analysis by plant, the production of pepper fruits was more expressive when spacing of 30 cm was adopted, however, in the tube of six meters, when 20 cm of spacing was used, the number of fruits was on average, 26.38% and 16.40% higher than lower density, in the electrical conductivities 1.7 and 11.7 dS·m-1.

关键词： Capsicum annuum L. Brackish Water Rainwater

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Effects of change of use of land on an aquifer in a tectonically active region

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Natural Science 2013年第2期5卷 259-267页

作者： Simón E. Carranco-Lozada josé A. ramos-Leal Cristina Noyola-Medrano Janete Moran-Ramírez Briseida López-álvarez Penélope López-Quiroz josé J. Aranda-Gómez Applied Geoscience Division Potosin Institute of Scientific and Technological Research San Luís Potosí México Faculty of Engineering Autonomous of San Luis Potosí (UASLP) San Luis Potosí México Geoscience Center Campus Juriquilla Juriquilla México Pg Postgraduate Applied Geoscience Potosin Institute of Scientific and Technological Research San Luis Potosí México The College of San Luis San Luis Potosí México

This paper shows the effects caused by the combination of two factors: an anthropic factor and one natural. The leading causes of imbalance in the subsoil due to drawdown of the aquifer is reflected on the surface with the appearance of cracks on ground, then came the lateral and vertical movements called faulting. This geological phenomenon is due to a pattern of orientation is associated with a regional fault system, lateral movement is almost imperceptible but the vertical displacement becomes important because it is the most conspicuous and be responsible for the damage caused to the urban infrastructure, vertical faulting is related to the drawdown generated by intense extraction of groundwater. The demand for groundwater, increasing year by year in the past four decades because of the change in land use, the most significant change was the shift from rain feed crop to irrigated crop agriculture, this change in land use occurred on Celaya’s Valley between year period 1976-2009 was quantified by use of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS).

关键词： Land Use Faults GIS Drawdown Remote Sensing

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Plant growth and nutrient use efficiency of two native Fabaceae species for mineland revegetation in the eastern Amazon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2287-2293页

作者： Silvio J.ramos Markus Gastauer Simone K.Mitre Cecı´lio F.Caldeira Joyce R.Silva Antonio E.Furtini Neto Guilherme Oliveira Pedro W.M.Souza Filho jose´O.Siqueira Instituto Tecnolo´gico Vale Rua Boaventura da Silva955Belem 66055-090Brazil Departamento de Ciencia do Solo Universidade Federal de LavrasLavras 37200-000Brazil

The primary challenge of mineland revegetation is the establishment of species able to cope with low availability of nutrients,especially in steep slopes such as of mine *** evaluated plant growth response and nutrient use efficiency(NUE)of two promising native Fabaceae species(Dioclea apurensis—liana from metalliferous savannas;Bauhinia longipedicellata—tree from Amazon rainforest)from the Caraja´s Mineral Province,eastern *** were grown separately in 2-kg pots filled with mining *** were fertilized with nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium(NPK),lime,and *** results showed increments on growth of both species when nutrients were applied to the mining *** showed increases in leaf area,plant height,stem diameter,and shoot dry mass production when NPK or NPK?micronutrients were applied,while *** was responsive to application of NPK?lime or NPK?lime?***,*** showed higher NUE than ***,especially at the lowest doses of N,P and *** findings may indicate a substantial advantage of *** for mineland revegetation,as this species may require lower nutrient inputs,being,therefore,a more sustainable way to revegetate degraded areas.

关键词： Fertilizer application Mining soil Tropical forest Nutrient use efficiency

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Comparative Study on Cerebral Processing among Elderly People with Either Intellectual or Mechanical Work Activities, by Means of Electroencephalographic Techniques

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第8期10卷 311-322页

作者： Arisson Euclides da Silva Leonardo Coelho de Mendonça Silva Lousane Leonoura Alves Santos Diêgo Lucas ramos e Silva Paulo josé Medeiros de Souza Costa Milton Vieira Costa josé Claudio da Silva Euclides Mauricio Trindade Filho State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas Biological Science Nucleus Maceió Brasil State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas Nucleus of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health Maceió Brasil

Background: The cognitive capacity is one of the determinants of quality of life in old age. In EEG, gamma rhythm represented electrical correlates of execution of cognitive activities. Objective: To compare the cortical areas activated during executive activities through the gamma rhythm (25 - 45 Hz) and the performance in the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) among older people who exercised intellectual and mechanical work during their lifetime. Methods: We compared the electroencephalographic record of the gamma rhythm potential (25 - 45 Hz) in the cortical quadrants during the execution of the FAB among 13 elderly people who exercised intellectual activity and 12 elderly people who performed mechanical work. Results: In the FAB, the intellectual group obtained a better performance with a mean score of 16.2/18, while the mechanical group obtained an average score of 14.9/18. Only a significant difference between groups was observed in the similarity test, with intellectual group leadership. There was no significant difference between groups in the overall analysis of gamma rhythm potential in the brain quadrants during the tests. Conclusion: Elderly people who performed intellectual activity performed better than the elderly who exercised mechanical work in the execution of the Frontal Evaluation Battery (FAB). There was a greater quantification of gamma rhythm in the group of elderly individuals who exercised intellectual activity, compared to those who exercised mechanical activity.

关键词： Electroencephalography Aged Gamma Rhythm

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Numerical Study of Highly Nonlinear Photonic Crystal Fiber with Tunable Zero Dispersion Wavelengths

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2015年第5期7卷 141-151页

作者： Alejandro Barrientos García Igor A. Sukhoivanov josé Amparo Andrade Lucio Oscar Gerardo Ibarra Manzano Igor Guryev Juan Carlos Hernández García Gabriel ramos Ortiz Department of Electronics Engineering Universidad de Guanajuato Salamanca Mexico Department of Multidisciplinary Studies Universidad de Guanajuato Yuriria Mexico CONACYT Cátedras CONACYT Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Centro de Investigaciones en óptica A. C. GPOM León Mexico

Solid-core silica photonic crystal fiber is proposed borrowing the concept of golden ratio (1.618) and keeping it between pitch and air hole diameter Λ/d in a subset of six rings of air-holes with hexagonal arrangement. In the case when we have a pitch equal to one micron (Λ = 1 μm), we need air-holes diameters d = 0.618 μm in order to achieve two zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) points at 725 nm and 1055 nm;this gives us the possibility to use the fiber for supercontinuum generation, by pumping close to that points, pulse compression or reshaping. We analyzed a series of fibers using this relation and showed the possibilities of tunable ZDW in a wide range of wavelengths from 725 nm to 2000 nm, with low losses and small effective area. In agreement with the ZDW point needed, the geometry of the structure can be modified to the point of having only three rings of air holes that surround the solid core with low losses and good confinement mode. The design proposed here is analyzed using the finite element method with perfectly matched layers, including the material dispersion directly into the model applying the Sellmeier’s equation.

关键词： Photonic Crystal Fibers Supercontinuum Generation Zero Dispersion Wavelength

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Enzymes of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Advances and Insights

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第2期2卷 65-76页

作者： Lluvia de Carolina Sánchez-Pérez Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido Silvia Rodríguez-Navarro josé Francisco Cervantes-Mayagoitia Miguel ángel ramos-López Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México

Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are recognized biological control agents of insects. Basically, the entomopathogenic fungi pathogen activity depends on the ability of its enzymatic equipment, consisting of lipases, proteases and chitinases, which are in charge of breaking down the insect’s integument. Lipases are the first enzymes synthesized by the entomopathogenic fungi. Recently, a cytochrome P450 subfamily, referred as CYP52XI and MrCYP52 has been identified in Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. These break down long-chain alkenes and fatty acids to become initial nutrients. Subsequently, subtilisin type (Pr1) proteases sintetize;these enzymes are considered as virulence indicators and they are regulated by a signal transduction mechanism activated by the protein kinase A (PKA) mediated by AMPc. Through the employment of genetic engineering, it has been possible to increase virulence producing Pr1 recombinants with Androctonus australis neurotoxins or with chitinases, reducing the insect’s time of death. In the course of time, the Pr1 protease gene has presented evolutionary adaptations by gene duplication or horizontal transfer infecting different orders of insects. In the same way, the entomopathogenic fungi chitinases have presented a functional diversification. Currently, these have been phylogenetically classified into three subgroups, in accordance to the catalytic site domain and the chitin binding domain. The chitinolytic activity has increased through a directed evolution processes and genetic recombination with Bombyx mori chitinase. Recently, enzymes have been employed as control agents for insects and phytopathogenic fungi (disease originator) opening new potentialities in order to improve the entomopathogenic fungi use. Solid state fermentation is a bioprocess that would produce at great scale enzymes and some other metabolites in grade of increasing the entomopathogenic fungi virulence, in the control of insects and potentially

关键词： Lipases Proteases Chitinases Host Evolution Biocontrol Agent

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Growth of Pepper under Different Concentration of the Solutions Used in the Hydroponic System

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 925-935页

作者： Felipe Guedes de Souza Guilherme de Freitas Furtado Antonio ramos Cavalcante Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves josely Dantas Fernandes josé Amilton Santos Júnior Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Water availability is a fundamental condition for sustainable agriculture. However, a satisfactory water condition is not always possible in terms of quantity and quality in certain regions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, the purpose of this extremely important research was to evaluate the growth of cv. All Big with six combinations of wastewater plus saline (WW + SW) and two nutrient solution percentages, in a low-cost hydroponic system. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Department of Agricultural Engineering at Federal University of Campina Grande. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme (6 × 2), with 5 replications, being the treatments composed by the combination of six proportions of wastewater with saline water (50%/50%;60%/40%;70%/30%;80%/20%;90%/10%;100% of wastewater) and two nutrient solution concentration (80% and 100%), totalizing 60 experimental units. The biometric variables were analyzed at 55 and 96 days after sowing, namely: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf number (LN) and leaf area (LA). The interaction between the concentration of the nutrient solution and the ratio of the saline water with wastewater was influenced in the behavior of peppers (cv. All Big) biometric variables. The nutrient solution prepared at 80% of its normal concentration had better performance in the development of plants when mixed with the proportions of water containing more wastewater. The proportion 30% saline water and 70% wastewater (30/70) with concentration of 80% of the nutrient solution obtained better satisfactory results in the studied biometric variables.

关键词： Capsicum annuum L. Saline Water Wastewater Nutrient Solution

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Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid improves liver glucose and lipid homeostasis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis via AMPK and mTOR regulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第34期26卷 5101-5117页

作者： David Fernández-ramos Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa Laura Delacruz-Villar Jon Bilbao Martina Pagano Laura Mosca Maider Bizkarguenaga Marina Serrano-Macia Mikel Azkargorta Marta Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta Jesús Sot Darya Tsvirkun Sebastiaan Martijn van Liempd Felix M Goni Cristina Alonso María Luz Martínez-Chantar Felix Elortza Liat Hayardeny Shelly C Lu joséM Mato Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160BizkaiaSpain CIBERehd-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas Madrid 28029Spain Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania"Luigi Vanvitelli"Naples 80138Italy Liver Disease Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain Proteomics Platform Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain OWL Metabolomics Derio 48160Spain Instituto Biofisika(UPV/EHU CSIC)Leioa 48940SpainDepartamento de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularUniversidad del País VascoLeioa 48940Spain Pre-clinical and Chemistry Manufacturing and ControlsGalmed PharmaceuticalsTel Aviv 6578317Israel Metabolomics Platform Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid(Aramchol)is a potent downregulator of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1)protein expression that reduces liver triglycerides and fibrosis in animal models of *** a phase IIb clinical trial in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),52 wk of treatment with Aramchol reduced blood levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c,an indicator of glycemic *** To assess lipid and glucose metabolism in mouse hepatocytes and in a NASH mouse model[induced with a 0.1%methionine and choline deficient diet(0.1MCD)]after treatment with *** Isolated primary mouse hepatocytes were incubated with 20μmol/L Aramchol or vehicle for 48 ***,analyses were performed including Western blot,proteomics by mass spectrometry,and fluxomic analysis with 13C-uniformly labeled *** the in vivo part of the study,male C57BL/6J mice were randomly fed a control or 0.1MCD for 4 wk and received 1 or 5 mg/kg/d Aramchol or vehicle by intragastric gavage for the last 2 *** metabolomics were assessed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-MS for the determination of glucose metabolism-related *** Combination of proteomics and Western blot analyses showed increased AMPK activity while the activity of nutrient sensor mTORC1 was decreased by Aramchol in *** translated into changes in the content of their downstream targets including proteins involved in fatty acid(FA)synthesis and oxidation[PACCα/β(S79),SCD1,CPT1A/B,HADHA,and HADHB],oxidative phosphorylation(NDUFA9,NDUFB11,NDUFS1,NDUFV1,ETFDH,and UQCRC2),tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle(MDH2,SUCLA2,and SUCLG2),and ribosome(P-p70S6K[T389]and P-S6[S235/S236]).Flux experiments with 13Cuniformely labeled glucose showed that TCA cycle cataplerosis was reduced by Aramchol in hepatocytes,as indicated by the increase in the number of rounds that malate remained in the TCA ***,liver metabolomic analysis showed

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis Methionine and choline deficient diet Tricarboxylic acid cycle Hemoglobin A1c Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1

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Subsidence associated with land use changes in urban aquifers with intensive extraction

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Natural Science 2013年第2期5卷 291-295页

作者： Briseida Lopez-Alvarez josé Alfredo ramos-Leal Germán Santacruz-De Leon Janete Morán-Ramirez Simón Eduardo Carranco-Lozada Cristina Noyola-Medrano Applied Geosciences Division Potosin Institute of Scientific and Technological Research C.A. (IPICYT) San Luís Potosí México Faculty of Engineering University of San Luis Potosí (UASLP) San Luis Potosí México Pg Postgraduate Applied Geoscience Potosin Institute of Scientific and Technological Research C.A. (IPICYT) San Luís Potosí México Water and Society Program College of San Luis C. A. (COLSAN) San Luis Potosí México

Land use change is a major factor in alterations in natural processes and cycles. Remote sensing has become an excellent tool to evaluate technological changes in land cover and land use changes over large areas, such as those occurring in the Valley of San Luis Potosi (VSLP). Here, such changes have impacted a system which is 95% dependent on the aquifer. The methodology for the present study is based on the use of satellite images for the years 1976, 1986, 1995 and 2000. To asses land use change, a supervised classification process was used with a decision tree technique and ENVI 4.3 software. The evolution of groundwater levels for the years 1977, 1986, 1995, 1998 and 2007 was also analyzed, as well as problems of subsidence and fissuring in the urban area of the valley in 2006. With the support of remote sensing, it was possible to analyze the dynamic changes in land use over large areas and highlight their impact on the environment.

关键词： Land Use Change Mining Intensive Extraction Subsidence Aquifer urban Arid Zone

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