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Invited commentary:Comparison of visual discomfort experienced by surgeons in wireless versus conventional endoscopy in laparoscopic surgery

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市民之家Els Masovers之家公共空间和市民中心

当代泌尿学（英文） 2023年第2期17卷 84-85页

作者： josé ignacio Nolazco Division of Urological Surgery Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Servicio de Urología Hospital Universitario AustralUniversidad AustralPilarArgentina

In this study titled"A comparison of visual discomfort experi-enced by surgeons in wireless versus conventional endoscopy in laparoscopic surgery",Xu et *** a novel fifth-generation transmission wireless endoscopic *** evaluated the vi-sual discomfort in a small cohort of single-institution surgeons(n=20)and compared its degree between conventional and wire-less endoscopic laparoscopic surgeries(laparoscopic radical prosta-tectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy).Subjective question-naires and objective physiologicalindicators were used to assess this *** found no difference in visual discomfort between these technologies.

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室内设计与装修 2024年第9期 106-109页

作者： [西班牙]David Closes 小麦(编译) joséHevia(摄影) David Cosesl建筑师事务所曼雷萨市政府城市项目部

本案建筑原为马尔克斯庄园的佃农住宅ElsMasovers之家,它属于农庄的一部分,位于西班牙加泰罗尼亚的埃尔马斯诺。设计任务的初衷是通过拆除老旧房屋的一部分,开辟一条通往城市足球场的新路径。

关键词：马尔克斯加泰罗尼亚公共空间足球场西班牙新路径

Assessment of the Indirect Cost of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment to Patients in a High Burden, Low Income Setting in Mozambique

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 91-104页

作者： Júlia Malache António Domingas Pacala Isabelle Munyangaju Isaías Benzana Claudia Mutaquiha Dulce Osório Benedita josé Edy Nacarapa Pereira Zindoga Faculdade de Cincias de Sade Universidade Catlica de Moambique Beira Moambique Programa Nacional de Controlo da Tuberculose Ministrio da Sade de Moambique Maputo Moambique ISGlobal Hospital Clnic Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Tinpswalo Association Vincentian Association to Fight AIDS and TB Chokwe Mozambique Centro de Estudos e Apoio Psicolgico (CEAP) Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique

Introduction: Tuberculosis is closely linked to poverty, with patients facing significant indirect treatment costs. Treating drug-resistant tuberculosis further increases these expenses. Notably, there is a lack of published data on the indirect costs incurred by patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Mozambique. Objective: To assess the indirect costs, income reduction, and work productivity incurred by patients undergoing diagnosis and treatment for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB) in Mozambique during their TB treatment. Methods: As part of a comprehensive mixed-methods study conducted from January 2021 to April 2023, this research utilized a descriptive cross-sectional approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. The primary goal was to evaluate the costs incurred by the national health system due to drug-resistant TB. Additionally, to explore the indirect costs experienced by patients and their families during treatment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 individuals who had been undergoing treatment for over six months. Results: All survey participants unanimously reported a significant decline in labour productivity, with 70.3% experiencing a reduction in their monthly income. Before falling ill, the majority of respondents (33.3%) earned up to $76.92 monthly, representing the minimum earnings range, while 29.2% had a monthly income above $230.77, the maximum earnings range. Among those who experienced income loss, the majority (22.2%) reported a decrease of up to $76.92 per month, and 18.5% cited a loss exceeding $230.77 per month. Notably, patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB) have not incurred the direct costs of the disease, as these are covered by the government. Conclusion: The financial burden of treating Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB), along with the income reduction it causes, is substantial. Implementing a patient-centred, multidisciplinary, and multisector approach, coupled with strong psy

关键词： Economic Costs Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Catastrophic Costs

Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango,Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martínez Carola Paul Kai Husmann jose Javier Corral-Rivas Klaus von Gadow Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of GottingenBüsgenweg 137077GottingenGermany Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N34120DurangoMexico Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatBüsgenweg 537077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological ***,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and *** study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species *** analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,***,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster ***,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site *** principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the *** generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak *** developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

关键词： Temperate multispecies forests Cluster analysis Basal area increment Generalized additive models

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUCIO HAO LIU josÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANCISCO JURADO-ROMERO ALEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN CHURCHILL JAMES C.GATES JAMES HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI JENS H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIANI PAVEL CHEBEN J.GONZALO WANGÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ FREDERIC GARDES COSIMO LACAVA PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

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联合国视角下的国际景观治理实践框架研究

园林 2024年第3期41卷 52-59页

作者：任婧 joséChong 李宜钢联合国人居署内罗毕00200 香港中文大学建筑学院中国香港999077

从国际景观治理、管理及相关技术解决方案的系统化运作角度出发,综述了联合国人居署(UN-Habitat)、环境署(UNEP)、粮食及农业组织(FAO)与开发计划署(UNDP)等国际组织的工作实践和最新成果,目的在于为景观治理的本土化实践提供国际宏观... 详细信息

从国际景观治理、管理及相关技术解决方案的系统化运作角度出发,综述了联合国人居署(UN-Habitat)、环境署(UNEP)、粮食及农业组织(FAO)与开发计划署(UNDP)等国际组织的工作实践和最新成果,目的在于为景观治理的本土化实践提供国际宏观视角和经验基础。同时,通过成果解读总结了各组织的工作特点、对景观治理的理解,指出了跨领域协同工作上的不足。主张在景观干预过程中整合生态—社会—经济维度,以促进治理、管理、空间实践、数据科学和金融5个板块的协同发展,并建议中国机构在景观治理领域加强数据协作、提高景观管理战略性、克服语言体系差异、深化国际合作,从而有效参与到全球生态治理中。

关键词：景观治理景观管理基于自然的解决方案联合国国际合作

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An Analysis of the Accounting Costs Associated with 20-Month DR TB Regimens in Maputo City, Mozambique

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 73-90页

作者： Júlia Malache António Isaías Benzana Isabelle Munyangaju Benedita josé Dulce Osório Edy Nacarapa Claudia Mutaquiha Simeão Nhabinde Pereira Zindoga Universidade Catlica de Moambique Beira Moambique Centro de Estudos e Apoio Psicolgico (CEAP) Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique ISGlobal Hospital Clnic Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Tinpswalo Association Vincentian Association to Fight AIDS and TB Chokwe Mozambique Programa Nacional de Controlo da Tuberculose Ministrio da Sade de Moambique Maputo Mozambique Faculdade de Economia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique

Introduction: Socioeconomic and demographic conditions in a country can influence tuberculosis incidence and mortality, with nearly 95% of tuberculosis-related deaths occurring in poorer countries. Mozambique is among the 30 countries with the highest TB burden. Objective: The study aimed to estimate the average direct medical cost of treating drug-resistant tuberculosis in 19 health centers in Maputo City, Mozambique. Methods: A retrospective analysis of direct medical costs was conducted on patients aged 18 and older who completed 20-month drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens in Maputo City in 2019. Results: This analysis covered 140 patients who completed a 20-month treatment regimen, with 64.3% (78) being male and 35.7% (62) female. Approximately 50% of the participants were aged between 29 and 47. The average direct medical cost of DRTB treatment was $4789.43, reaching up to $6568.00, with a standard deviation of $753.26, including clinical interventions and treatment. Conclusion: The direct medical costs for a basic treatment package for a patient with drug-resistant TB in Mozambique equal 36 minimum wages. Developing alternative and innovative funding mechanisms and identifying ways to mitigate costs through the use of generic medicines would be beneficial.

关键词： Antitubercular Agents Multidrug-Resistant Healthcare Costs Tuberculosis Mozambique

Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Different Altitudes Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Abundance and Colonization in Cacao Plantations of Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 57-82页

作者： Franklin Tounkam Ketchiemo Beaulys Fotso Astride Stéphanie Mouafi Djabou Victor jos Eyamo Evina Japhet Youri Essambita Franck Maxime Ewane Tang Nicolas Niemenak Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teacher Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences Bafia Annex University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Applied Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory Department of Agriculture and Agropastoral Higher Teacher Training College University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Plant Physiology Improvement Unit Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

This study aims to investigate the abundance of AMF according to soil properties and altitudes in different cacao plantations of Cameroon. Physico-chemical analyses were made on soil samples collected from three agro-ecological zones. Soil samples were also used to evaluate directly the AMF abundance following the various altitudes and after trapping by sorghum plant. The results showed that soil properties, AMF spore abundances and colonization fluctuated significantly at different altitudes. The most represented texture was sandy loam. The bimodal zone presented a homogeneous texture (sandy loam) in all its localities. Cacao soil chemical characteristics showed that, the highest nitrogen rate (0.47%;p 0.05, Scott-Knott test) was recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone while Tonga in the Western highlands displayed the lowest rate (0.13%). Soil P concentration was significantly high in monomodal zones (Mbanga and Melong). Soil pH level indicated that the soil from Tonga in the Western highlands was neutral (pH = 6.67), and soils of other localities under study were acidic with the lowest (4.75) pH level recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone. In soil samples, the highest spore density (1.03 spores/g soil) was observed at Ntui in Bimodal zone, while the lowest spore density (0.26 spores/g soil) was observed at Bafang in the Western highlands. Root colonization showed that the sample from Bokito in a bimodal zone displayed the best frequency of mycorrhization (86.11%) while the sample from Bafang in the Western highlands recorded the lowest (27.11%). The PCA analysis highlighted that available phosphorus, pH and altitude all strongly correlated with AMF root colonization ability and can be used as a predictor of AMF colonization ability in cacao rhizosphere.

关键词： Agroecological Zone Altitude Variations Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Soil Properties Theobroma cacao

Liver cirrhosis and sarcopenia:a dreadful combination

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 729-731页

作者： Mohammad Shafi Kuchay joséignacio Martínez-Montoro Camilo Julio Llamoza-Torres joséCarlos Fernández-García Bruno Ramos-Molina Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Medanta The Medicity HospitalGurugramHaryanaIndia Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Virgen de la Victoria University HospitalInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga(IBIMA)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MálagaMálagaSpain Department of Gastroenterology Unit of HepatologyHospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Regional University Hospital of MálagaInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga(IBIMA)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MálagaMálagaSpain Obesity and Metabolism Research Laboratory Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia(IMIB)MurciaSpain

Patients with liver cirrhosis,irrespective of etiology,have increased risk of liver-related and all-cause mortality(1).Also,the severity of cirrhosis determines health *** instance,patients with compensated cirrhosis have a nearly five-fold increased risk of death,while those with decompensated cirrhosis have approximately a 10-fold increased risk compared with the general population(1).Furthermore,the median survival time of patients with compensated cirrhosis is 12 years,while it is only 1.8 years in those with decompensated cirrhosis(2).Moreover,the presence of intercurrent conditions,such as sarcopenia(loss of skeletal muscle mass and function)may also compromise the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis(3).

关键词： cirrhosis mortality prognosis