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Trends in Global and Mexico Research in Wildfires: A Bibliometric Perspective

Open Journal of Forestry 2023年第2期13卷 182-199页

作者： Daniel Alejandro Cadena Zamudio Betsabé Ruiz Guerra josé Luis Arispe Vázquez josé german flores garnica Leslie Carnero Avilés Rocío Toledo Aguilar David Heriberto Noriega Cantú Adriana Antonio Bautista Juan Mayo Hernandez David Castillo Quiroz Norma Tolama Nava Roger Guevara Hernández Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Iguala de la Independencia Guerrero México Instituto de Ecología A.C Xalapa Veracruz México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Tepatitlán Guadalajara México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Delicias Chihuahua México Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo Coahuila México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Saltillo Coahuila México

In the last two decades, unprecedented changes have taken place in the frequency and severity of wildfires;in different regions of the world, some fires were even classified as megafires. Although there are studies about the diverse effects of fire, which have made significant theoretical contributions, a comprehensive review of the changes in fire research is required to understand worldwide patterns, particularly in those countries where fire activity is on the rise, such is the case of Mexico. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends in the research on wildfires published in Mexico and worldwide over a 40-year timescale. For this purpose, the Web of Science database, bibliometric tools, and the keywords TI = Forest fire* OR TI = Wildfire* were used to extract as many articles as possible related to fires from 1980 to 2020, without being restricted to those studies whose title included any of the variants of the keywords. There were 8458 publications about fires in the vegetation cover, with a notable increase in the frequency of studies in the previous decade;52% of the studies were concentrated in five countries and 20% of the articles focused on the study of different aspects of the soil. Mexico ranks thirteenth in volume of scientific production and studies in the country have focused mainly on the description of the quantitative relationship between the size of the affected area and the number of occurrences in the landscape, meanwhile, studies on fires and the consequences on the biotic interactions have been little explored.

关键词： Global Warming Fire Regime Forest Ecosystems Biotic Interactions Anthropogenic Activities

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Spatial Distribution of Fuel Models Based on the Conditional-Fuel-Loading Concept

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第2期9卷 111-121页

作者： josé Germán flores garnica Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Guadalajara México

Fuel model mapping has followed in general two trends: 1) indirect inferences, where some factors, presumably associated with fuel production, are related to a given fuel model;and 2) experts consulting, which has been used to classify and to validate other people classifications. However, reliance on expert judgment implies a subjective approach. Thus, I propone the integration of geostatistic techniques and the Conditional-Fuels-Loading concept (CFL) to define a more objective perspective in the fuel-model mapping. The information used in this study was collected in a forest of Chihuahua, Mexico, where fuels were inventoried in 554 (1000 m2) sample plots. These sample plots were classified using the CFL;and ordinary kriging (Gaussian, spherical and exponential) was used to interpolate the fuel-model values. Using the Akaike’s Information Criterion the spherical model performed best. The methodology allowed a finer definition of spatial distribution of fuel models. Some advantages of the CFL are: 1) it is based on actual fuel loads, and not only on vegetation structure and composition;2) it is objective and avoids the bias of different classifiers (experts);and 3) it avoids the need of the advice of experts.

关键词： Validation Fuel Mapping Geostatistics Ordinary Kriging

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Structure and Density Analysis of a Semi Desert Ecosystem Disturbed by Fire

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Open Journal of Forestry 2018年第2期8卷 155-166页

作者： josé Germán flores garnica Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Guadalajara Jalisco México

In Mexico, forest ecosystems are disturbed by fires and generally these are considered to have negative impacts. However, it is important to consider that fire is an element of these ecosystems, and is important for its functionality. So it should be understood that in many cases the effects of a forest fire are beneficial, which can be determined through studies of population dynamics of these ecosystems. However, most of these studies currently focused only on aspects of species composition, with few cases concerning the analysis of the structure and density. In this study, a comparative analysis of the vegetation showed that conditions prevailing between burned and unburned areas of a site covered by microphyll desert species (shrubs and mesquite). The results suggest that the structure and density conditions of vegetation between burned and unburned areas are not statistically different. This is highlighted because one year after the fire occurred there is no evidence that fire had altered the structure and density of vegetation. Moreover, both in burned and unburned areas, vegetation had a healthy condition. Finally, although this may suggests that the fire was of low intensity, which resulted in a low impact on vegetation, in future studies it is recommended to determine if the same results are observed under different possible fire behavior and intensity.

关键词： Population Dynamic Forest Fire Semi-Desert

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Soil Carbon Storage in Experimental Forest Plantations with Tropical Species

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第1期12卷 1-18页

作者： Celia De La Mora-Orozco josé Germán flores garnica Irma Julieta González Acuña Juan De Dios Benavides Solorio César S. Magaña Martínez Laura Izascum Pérez Valencia Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Tepatitlán México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Guadalajara México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Santiago Ixcuintla México Instituto Tecnológico josé Mario Molina Pasquel y Henríquez Unidad Académica Arandas Arandas México

Forest ecosystems represent a third of the total organic carbon (TOC) stored in the soil. However, studies still need to be carried out to generate reliable information on its soil carbon storage potential in an experimental plantation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the storage of total organic carbon (TOC) in the soil in two experimental forest plantations with tropical species, located in the state of Nayarit, México. The research was carried out in two experimental plantations with tropical species, located at the Santiago Ixcuintla Experimental Field (CESIX) and at the El Verdine?o Experimental Site (SEEV). The established species are Swietenia macrophylla King (mahogany), Cedrela odorata L. (cedar) and Tabebuia rosea Bertoil (pink trumpet-tree). In addition, data from dasometric variables were used in order to define if any of these variables had a similar variation to the soil TOC stock by species. The sampling was done under a randomized block experimental design in each experimental forest plantation (CESIX and SEEV). Nine composite samples were collected in the soil under the tree species at a depth of 0 - 30 cm, and 1.5 m distance from the tree. To determine the soil TOC, an elemental analyzer with a thermal conductivity detector Thermo Scientific (Flash 2000) was used. The results showed that TOC presented mean values of 103.60 and 219.98 t·ha-1 at a depth of 0 - 30 cm in CESIX and SEEV respectively. The highest TOC was obtained in soil under mahogany;142.95 t·ha-1 in CESIX and 284.41 t·ha-1 in SEEV. The analysis of the differences in TOC between the two plantations was highly significant. In the analysis of the species, it showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001), defining that the soil unde

关键词： Carbon Sequestration Dasometric Variables Tropical Trees

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Cu-WC复合材料涂层的受限烧结和磨损性能（英文）

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第10期27卷 2214-2224页

作者： J.L.CABEZAS-VILLA L.OLMOS H.J.VERGARA-HERNáNDEZ O.JIMéNEZ P.garnica D.BOUVARD M.flores División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Tec NM/Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia INICIT Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoFco.J.Mujica S/N Universidad de Guadalajara Departamento de Ingeniería de Proyectos Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRS SIMa P

采用固态烧结法制备Cu-WC金属基复合材料涂层。将不同体积分数(5%-30%)的WC增强颗粒与Cu颗粒混合,然后在还原性气氛和垂直膨胀计中于1000°C进行烧结。结果表明,复合材料涂层的烧结动力学受基体材料和WC颗粒的影响,WC颗粒能减缓粉末径... 详细信息

采用固态烧结法制备Cu-WC金属基复合材料涂层。将不同体积分数(5%-30%)的WC增强颗粒与Cu颗粒混合,然后在还原性气氛和垂直膨胀计中于1000°C进行烧结。结果表明,复合材料涂层的烧结动力学受基体材料和WC颗粒的影响,WC颗粒能减缓粉末径向和轴向的致密化。复合材料涂层紧实地粘附于基体上,而WC颗粒随机分布在基体中。与未添加增强剂的样品相比,添加了WC增强剂的样品的显微硬度增加,磨损量降低至原来的1/17。样品在载荷为5 N条件下的主要磨损机理为磨粒磨损,当WC增强剂的体积分数为20%时复合涂层的性能最优。

关键词：受限烧结膨胀法干滑动磨损显微硬度金属基复合材料涂层

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