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Optimal Design of.Hybrid Microgrid in Isolated Communities of.Ecuador

Journal of.Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 488-499页

作者： Luis A.Pesantes Ruben Hidalgo-León Johnny Rengif. Miguel Torres Jorge Aragundi joséCordova-garcia Luis f.Ugarte f.cultad de Ingeniería en Electricidad y Computación of.Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral(ESPOL)University GuayaquilEcuador Department of.Electrical Engineering at Universidad Técnica f.derico Santa María SantiagoChile IEEE

In rural territories, the communities use energy sources based on f.ssil f.els to supply themselves with electricity, which may address two main problems: greenhouse gas emissions and high f.el prices. Hence, there is an opportunity to include renewable resources in the energy mix. This paper develops an optimization model to determine the optimal sizing, the total annual investment cost in renewable generation, and other operating costs of.the components of.a hybrid microgrid. By running a k-means clustering algorithm on a meteorological dataset of.the community under study, the hourly representative values become input parameters in the proposed optimization model. The method f.r the optimal design of.hybrid microgrid is analyzed in six operating scenarios considering:(1) 24-hour continuous power supply;(2) load shedding percentage;(3) diesel power generator(genset) curtailment;(4) the worst meteorological conditions;(5) the use of.renewable energy sources including battery energy storage systems(BESSs);and(6) the use of.genset. A mathematical programming language(AMPL) tool is used to f.nd solutions of.the proposed optimization model. Results show that the total costs of.microgrid in the scenarios that cover 100% of.the load demand(without considering the scenario with 100% renewables) increase by over 16% compared with the scenario with genset operation limitation. f.r the designs with power supply restrictions, the total cost of.microgrid in the scenario with load shedding is reduced by over 27% compared with that without load shedding.

关键词： Battery energy storage system(BESS) isolated community microgrid renewable energy optimization

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The Nikola Tesla Constant and Its Relation to the Circumf.rence Inscribed in a Square

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Journal of.Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 277-283页

作者： Javier Mendoza Navarrete josé Ismael Ojeda Campaña Huetzin Perez Gabriel Luna-Sandoval Victor Verdugo Ricardo Jiménez garcia Departamento de Matemáticas CBTis 256 DGETI Cabo San Lucas México División de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITES de Los Cabos Cabo San Lucas México DCI Departamento de f.sica Médica Universidad de Guanajuato León México Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial en Manuf.ctura Universidad Estatal de Sonora Navojoa México Departamento de Eléctrica-Electrónica Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Mexicali Mexicali México

This research work relates the surf.ce of.a square and the area circumscribed by a circle, resulting in a value called Nikola Tesla constant. This constant starts with the calculation of.the areas of.the square and the inscribed circle, giving a ratio of.9/40 and f.om which a residual area of.the area proportions of.the geometric f.gures described is obtained. Plotting smooth curves, particularly those in round shapes, can be represented ef.iciently with the use of.Nikola Tesla constant, reducing complex mathematical calculus.

关键词： Tesla Numbers Prime Number Circle Binary Area

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Ef.ect of.Mushroom Extract Hericium erinaceus on Spatial Memory and Morphology of.Neurons in the CA1 and CA3 Regions of.the Hippocampus in Ovariectomized Rats

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Open Journal of.Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 163-179页

作者： Lucia garcia-Delgado Mariana Monserrath Verdía-Venegas Jacinto Bañuelos-Pineda Esther Albarrán-Rodríguez Guillermo Nolasco-Rodriguez josé Ricardo Cuellar-Pérez Sergio f.usto-Guerra Manuel Rosales-Cortés Master in Behavioral Sciences Institute of Neurosciences University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico Department of.Veterinary Medicine Division of Veterinary Sciences CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico Botany and Zoology Laboratory CUCBA University of Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico

Various studies indicate that low levels of.estradiol negatively impact cognitive abilities. Extracts f.om the f.ngus Hericium erinaceus (HE) contain bioactive components that promote the proper f.nctioning of.the nervous system and potential ef.ects on protection against neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and motor dysf.nctions. The objective was to evaluate the ef.ects of.the administration of.the HE mushroom extract on visuospatial memory and morphology of.neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of.the hippocampus in ovariectomized rats. 40 young Wistar rats weighing 90 ± 10 g BW were used, which were distributed into f.ur groups of.10 animals;Control Group, non-ovariectomized and untreated rats;Group E2, ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol (2 μg/kg/body weight);Group HE, ovariectomized rats treated with the extract of.the f.ngus Hericium erinaceus (0.5 mg/kg body weight) and Group Ovx/ST, ovariectomized rats, without treatment. The animals were tested in the Barnes and Open f.eld maze, then they were sacrif.ced, and their brains were obtained to perf.rm a histological analysis of.neuronal morphology in the CA1 and CA3 areas of.the hippocampus. The most outstanding results showed that the Ovx/ST group recorded the longest time to arrive at the escape box and stay in the Barnes maze. A correlation was observed between neuronal damage and f.nction;in the groups that did not present satisf.ctory perf.rmance in the maze tests, morphological alterations were identif.ed such as the presence of.some neuronal somata with degeneration characteristics such as pyknosis, nuclear basophilia and shrinkage of.the cells. Its soma, as well as a decrease in the nuclear area of.CA1 and CA3 neurons. It is concluded that the f.ngus Hericium erinaceus exerted a neuroprotective ef.ect on the neuronal bodies of.the hippocampus, associated with better perf.rmance in the visuospatial recognition memory test.

关键词： Ovariectomized Rats Ovarian Hypof.nction Estradiol Hericium erinaceus Barnes Circular Labyrinth Open f.eld Labyrinth

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Microstructural Morphologies and Experimental Growth Laws during Solidif.cation of.Monotectic and Hypermonotectic Al-Pb Alloys

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 2014年第4期30卷 401-407页

作者： Adrina P.Silva Amauri garcia josé E.Spinelli Department of.Materials Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Department of.Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos-UFSCar

AI-Pb alloys with monotectic and hypermonotectic compositions were directionally solidif.ed under unsteady- state heat f.ow conditions. The cooling curves recorded during solidif.cation allowed solidif.cation thermal parameters such as the cooling rate （T）, growth rate （v） and thermal gradient （G） to be experimentally determined. Dif.erent microstructural patterns have been associated with the alloy solute content, i.e., AI-1.2 and 2.1 wt% Pb. A sequence of.morphologies f.om the bottom to the top of.the A1-1.2 wt% Pb alloy casting （monotectic） can be observed： Pb-rich droplets in the aluminum-rich matrix, f.llowed by a region of.microstructural transition f.rmed by droplets and f.bers and f.nally by a mixture of.f.bers and strings of.pearls. A completely f.brous structure （without transition） has been observed along the entire AI-2.1 wt% Pb alloy casting （hypermonotectic）. The interphase spacing （λ） was measured along the casting length, and experimental correlations between λand experimental solidif.cation thermal parameters have been established. Power laws with a -2.2 exponent expressing λ as a f.nction of.the growth rate, v, were f.und to better represent the f.brous growth of.both AI-Pb alloys. Moreover, a single experimental law expressing λ as a f.nction of.both G and v was f.und to describe the f.brous growth of.both the monotectic and the hypermonotectic alloys experimentally examined.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Casting Phase transf.rmation

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Surgical risk f.r patients with Chagasic achalasia and its correlation with the degree of.esophageai dilation

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World Journal of.Gastroenterology 2005年第37期11卷 5840-5844页

作者： josé garcia Neto Roberto de Cleva Bruno Zilberstein Joaquim josé Gama-Rodrigues Surgery Division Hospital das Clínicas Federal University of Goiás Medical School Goiás Brazil Gastroenterology Department Digestive Tract Surgery Division Hospital das Clínicas University of Sao Paulo Medical School So Paulo Brazil

AIM： To analyze the risk of.cardiovascular complications in patients with indication f.r surgical treatment of.Chagasic esophageal achalasia and to correlate the surgical risks with the degree of.esophageal dilation, thereby proposing a risk scale index. METHODS： One hundred and twenty-f.ur patients with Chagasic esophageal achalasia, who received surgical treatment at the Hospital das Clinicas of.the f.deral University of.Goiás, were included in this study. The patients were mostly related to the postoperative complications due to the cardiovascular system. All the patients were submitted to：（1） clinical history to def.ne the cardiac f.nctional class （New York Heart Association）; （2） conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram at rest; and （3） contrast imaging of.the esophagus to determine esophageal dilatation according to Rezende＇s classif.cation of.Chagasic megaesophagus. RESULTS： An assessment of.the f.nctional classif.cation （f.） of.heart f.ilure during the preoperative period determined that 67 patients （54.03%） were assigned f.nctional class Ⅰ （f. Ⅰ）, 46 patients （37.09%） were assigned f.nctional class Ⅱ （f. Ⅱ）, and 11 patients （8.87%） were assigned f.nctional class Ⅲ （f. Ⅲ）. None of.the patients were assigned to f.nctional class Ⅳ （f. Ⅳ）. There was a positive correlation between the f.nctional class and the postoperative complications （f. Ⅰ×f. Ⅱ： P〈0.001; f. Ⅰ×f. Ⅲ： P〈0.001）. The ECG was normal in 44 patients （35.48%） and presented abnormalities in 80 patients （64.52%）. There was a signif.cant statistical correlation between abnormal ECG （arrhythmias and primary change in ventricular repolarization） and postoperative complications （P〈0.001）. With regard to the classif.cation of.the Chagasic esophageal achalasia, the f.llowing distribution was observed： group Ⅱ, 53 patients （42.74%）; group Ⅲ, 37 patients （29.83%）; and group Ⅳ, 34 patients （27.41%）. There was a positive correlation between the degree of.esophageal dilation and the increase in postoperative compli

关键词： Postoperative Chagas' disease Surgical risk Chagasic achalasia Cardiovascular risk

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Modelling extraordinary f.oods and sedimentological processes in a large channel-f.oodplain system of.the Lower Paran River(Argentina)

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International Journal of.Sediment Research 2015年第2期30卷 150-159页

作者： Marina L.garcia Pedro A.Basile Gerardo A.Riccardi josé f.Rodriguez Hydraulics Department School of Civil EngineeringFaculty of Exact SciencesEngineering and Land SurveyingNational University of Rosario Centre f.r Hydro-Environmental Research Faculty of Exact SciencesEngineering and Land SurveyingNational University of Rosario Research Council of.National University of.Rosario(CIUNR) Civil Surveying and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Newcastle

A quasi-2D unsteady f.ow and sediment transport model suitable f.r the simulation of.large lowland river systems,including their f.oodplains,is *** water f.ow and sediment equations are discretised using an interconnected irregular cells scheme,in which dif.erent simplif.cations of.the 1D de Saint Venant equations are used to def.ne the discharge laws between ***-distributed transport and deposition of.f.ne sediments throughout the river-f.oodplain system are *** model is applied over a 208-km reach of.the Parana River between the cities of.Diamante and Ramallo（Argentina） comprising a river-f.oodplain area of.8100 km;.Af.er calibration and validation,the model is applied to predict water and sediment dynamics during synthetically generated extraordinary f.oods of.00,1000,and 10,000 years return *** potential impact of.a 56-km long road embankment constructed across the entire f.oodplain is simulated and compared to model results without the *** embankment results in increases in upstream water levels,inundation extent,f.ow duration,and sediment deposition.

关键词： f.uvial hydraulics Numerical modelling f.oodplain sedimentation Lowland rivers Parana River

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Dendritic Growth, Eutectic f.atures and Their Ef.ects on Hardness of.a Ternary Sn–Zn–Cu Solder Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第6期30卷 528-540页

作者： Bismarck Luiz Silva Rodrigo Valenzuela Reyes Amauri garcia joséEduardo Spinelli Department of.Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRNNatalRN 59078-970Brazil Department of.Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos-UFSCarSao CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil Department of.Manuf.cturing and Materials Engineering University of CampinasUNICAMPCampinasSP 13083-860Brazil

The present investigation is based on the results of.a directionally solidif.ed （DS） Sn-9 wt%Zn-2 wt%Cu alloy, including primary/secondary/tertiary dendrite arm spacings of.the Sn-rich matrix, the morphologies of.the eutectic mixture and the corresponding interphase spacing, the nature and proportion of.the Cu-Zn intermetallic compound （IMC）. The main purpose is to establish interrelations of.these microstructure f.atures with experimental solidif.cation thermal parameters, such as cooling rates and growth rates （v）, macrosegregation and hardness. Such interrelations are interesting f.r both industry and academy since they represent a tool permitting the preprogramming of.f.nal properties based on the design of.the microstructure. In the case of.Sn-Zn-Cu alloys, hardly anything is known about the combined ef.ects of.the length scale of.the microstructure and f.action and distribution of.the primary IMC on hardness. The alloy microstructure is composed of.a β-Sn dendritic region, surrounded by a eutectic mixture of.α-Zn and β-Sn phases and the γ-Cu5Zn8 IMC. The eutectic interphase spacing varies in the range 1.2-3.6 μm, with the α-Zn phase having a globular morphology f.r ν 〉 0.5 mm/s and a needle-like morphology f.r ν 〈 0.3 mm/s. A modif.ed Hall-Petch-type experimental expression relating hardness to the interphase spacing is proposed.

关键词： Sn-Zn-Cu solder alloy Solidif.cation Microstructure Eutectic morphology Hardness

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Preparation of.Rod-like Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide Powders by Sol-gel Technique Using Metal Chlorides and Acetylacetone Precursors

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Journal of.Wuhan University of.Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第6期33卷 1293-1297页

作者： KESHTKAR Javad VARGAS garcia Jorge Roberto GALAVIZ PEREZ Jorge MARTINEZ TRINIDAD josé Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Mecánica y Eléctrica Instituto Politécnico NacionalMéxico07738CDMXMéxico Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Quimica e Industrias Extractivas Instituto Politécnico NacionalMéxico07738CDMXMéxico Universidad Juárez Autònoma de Tabasco DivisiònAcadémica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de MéndezRibera AltaJalpa de MéndezTabasco86205México

Al-doped ZnO(AZO) powders were prepared by using metal chloride precursors and the sol-gel technique. IR peaks observed at 1590 cm-1 and 1620 cm-1indicated the f.rmation of.metal chelate as a consequence of.the addition of.acetylacetone to the metal chloride solution. TG-DSC analysis of.the AZO gels conf.rmed the f.rmation of.metal chelate as evidenced by the development of.several weight loss peaks accompanied by the introduction of.new endothermic peaks. The resulting AZO gels were annealed at 500, 600, and 800 ℃ to study the ef.ect of.annealing temperature. XRD and SEM results showed that crystallization of.AZO gels takes place around 600 ℃. Hexagonal wurtzite structure was identif.ed as the main phase f.r all the samples. In addition, small shif. of.the XRD(002) peak coupled with XPS results f.om the AZO powders conf.rmed the successf.l doping of.the ZnO powders. Micron sized rod-like AZO powders were unif.rm in dimension and morphology and remained stable even at 800 ℃.

关键词： aluminum doped ZnO rod-like metal chloride sol gel acetylacetone

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f.ne mapping of.genomic regions associated with f.male f.rtility in Nellore beef.cattle based on sequence variantsf.om segregating sires.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2020年第2期

作者： Gerson A. Oliveira Júnior Daniel J. A. Santos Aline S. M. Cesar Solomon A. Boison Ricardo V. Ventura Bruno C. Perez josé f. garcia josé Bento S. f.rraz Dorian J. Garrick

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5Ws of.Green and Sustainable Sof.ware

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第3期25卷 401-414页

作者： Coral Calero Javier Mancebo f.lix garcia Maria Angeles Moraga jose Alberto garcia Berna jose Luis f.rnandez-Aleman Ambrosio Toval the Institute of.Technology and Inf.rmation Systems University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad Real 13071Spain. the Department of.Inf.rmatics and Systems University of MurciaMurcia 30003Spain

Green and Sustainable Sof.ware has emerged as a new and highly active area in the sof.ware *** several years of.research and work,we believe that it is now necessary to obtain a general snapshot of.how the research in this area is *** do so,we have applied the 5 Ws(why,when,who,where,and what),a f.rmula f.r getting the complete story on a *** have theref.re carried out a study,using 542 publications related to Green and Sustainable Sof.ware research;these were recovered using *** results obtained allow us to conclude that it is important to identif. key elements of.the research to allow researchers be f.lly aware of.the state of.the research on Green and Sustainable Sof.ware(why);the study uses papers published between 2000 and the beginning of.November 2018(when);the most prolif.c authors are mainly f.om Europe,although the USA is the most active country,Green and Sustainable Sof.ware being a very interactive area with a good number of.multinational publications(who);the top f.ve keywords related to sustainable aspects are Green Sof.ware,Green IT,Sof.ware Sustainability,Energy Consumption,and Energy Ef.iciency(what);f.nally,as regards the places authors pref.r to publish in,there is almost a complete balance between conf.rences and journals,with a trend towards an increase in the number of.publications(where).

关键词： Green Sof.ware Sustainable Sof.ware Sof.ware Engineering Sof.ware Sustainability Energy Ef.iciency Energy Utilization

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