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Artificial rearing influences the morphology,permeability and redox state of the gastrointestinal tract of low and normal birth weight piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 707-720页

作者： Hans Vergauwen Jeroen Degroote Sara prims Wei Wang Erik Fransen Stefaan De Smet Christophe Casteleyn Steven Van Cruchten joris Michiels Chris Van Ginneken Laboratory of Applied Veterinary Morphology Department of Veterinary SciencesFaculty of BiomedicalPharmaceutical and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of AntwerpCampus Drie EikenUniversiteitsplein 1D.U0152610 WilrijkBelgium Department of Applied Biosciences Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal product Quality(LANUpRO) Department of Animal ProductionFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityMelleBelgium StatUa Center for Statistics University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium

Background： In this study the physiological implications of artificial rearing were investigated. Low（LBW） and normal birth weight（NBW） piglets were compared as they might react differently to stressors caused by artificial rearing. In total, 42 pairs of LBW and NBW piglets from 16 litters suckled the sow until d19 of age or were artificially reared starting at d3 until d19 of age. Blood and tissue samples that were collected after euthanasia at 0, 3, 5, 8 and 19 d of age. Histology, ELISA, and Ussing chamber analysis were used to study proximal and distal small intestine histomorphology, proliferation, apoptosis, tight junction protein expression, and permeability. Furthermore, small intestine,liver and systemic redox parameters（GSH, GSSG, GSH-px and MDA） were investigated using ***： LBW and NBW artificially reared piglets weighed respectively 40 and 33% more than LBW and NBW sowreared piglets at d19（p 〈 0.01）. Transferring piglets to a nursery at d3 resulted in villus atrophy, increased intestinal FD-4 and HRp permeability and elevated GSSG/GSH ratio in the distal small intestine at d5（p 〈 0.05）. GSH concentrations in the proximal small intestine remained stable, while they decreased in the liver（p 〈 0.05）. From d5 until d19, villus width and crypt depth increased, whereas pCNA, caspase-3, occludin and claudin-3 protein expressions were reduced. GSH,GSSG and permeability recovered in artificially reared piglets（p 〈 0.05）.Conclusion： The results suggest that artificial rearing altered the morphology, permeability and redox state without compromising piglet performance. The observed effects were not depending on birth weight.

关键词： Milk replacer Oxidative stress Small intestine Suckling period Tight junction proteins

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Tidal prediction in the Sea Scheldt (Belgium) Using a Combination of Harmonic Tidal prediction and 1D Hydraulic Modeling

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Natural Resources 2014年第11期5卷 627-633页

作者： joris Vanlede Leen Coen Maarten Deschamps Flanders Hydraulics Research Antwerp Belgium

The vertical tide in the Sea Scheldt (Belgium) is predicted using a combination of harmonic tidal prediction and 1D hydraulic modeling. At prosperpolder (a measurement station close to the Dutch-Belgian border), four years of water level data (2009-2012) are analyzed to obtain the harmonic components at that location. The accuracy of the harmonic prediction is checked with a statistical analysis of an astronomical hindcast for 2009-2012 against measurements. An existing 1D hydraulic model of the tidally influenced part of the Scheldt estuary is cut off at prosperpolder. The time series of tidally predicted water levels at prosperpolder is used as a downstream boundary condition for the hydraulic model. In this way, a tidal prediction can be obtained for any location in the Sea Scheldt, also for locations where no harmonic components are available, whilst guaranteeing the consistency between the predicted time series.

关键词： Harmonic Tidal Analysis Tidal prediction Modeling Scheldt

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推移质运动的随机理论与应用

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四川大学学报（工程科学版） 2013年第2期45卷 18-21页

作者：马宏博 METTRA Francois HEYMAN joris ANCEY Chnstophe 傅旭东清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084 洛桑联邦高等工业学院(EpFL)环境水力学实验室瑞士洛桑1015

陡坡急流条件下的推移质运动常伴有较大幅度的随机变化,这种随机涨落现象在各个时间尺度下普遍存在。由于这种涨落现象的存在,随机理论模型往往更适用于描述这一类问题。为进一步研究推移质运动的随机属性,作者利用包含群体输移机制的Ma... 详细信息

陡坡急流条件下的推移质运动常伴有较大幅度的随机变化,这种随机涨落现象在各个时间尺度下普遍存在。由于这种涨落现象的存在,随机理论模型往往更适用于描述这一类问题。为进一步研究推移质运动的随机属性,作者利用包含群体输移机制的Markov随机模型,通过理论和实验方法研究输沙停时的概率密度分布函数(pDF),这些研究揭示出推移质运动中的尺度分离现象。在前人工作的基础上,给出输沙停时pDF理论解的另外一种推导方式推导。与较早的研究相比,该推导更为简洁、直接。该理论解已通过数值和室内实验数据得到了验证。

关键词：推移质运动概率密度函数群体输移 Markov过程随机理论

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Evaluating Nitrogen Behavior in Sugarcane after Fertilization Using Leaf and Sap Extract Analyzes

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2655-2664页

作者： Helio A.W.joris Thais R.Souza Zaqueu F.Montezano Vitor p.Vargas Heitor Cantarella Soils and Environmental Resources Center Instituto Agronomico(IAC)CampinasBrazil

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is important for sugarcane crops, for both agronomic and environmental reasons. Better use of N from fertilizer is required for crop management, and in order to achieve it, adequate N nutrition monitoring is necessary. Sap extract analysis is a sensitive technique that has been adopted in other crops to tackle this objective, and can be used for sugarcane. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of N and the response of sugarcane after N fertilization, using sap and leaf tissue analysis. The study was undertaken in two experimental areas in 2012/2013 season, using ratoon cane, following application of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg·ha-1 of N. The youngest visible leaves were sampled from sugarcane at five time points between 0 and 150 days after fertilization, to evaluate the nitrate, ammonium, and total N content of sap extract, and total N content of leaf tissue. At the first sampling point (30 days after N fertilizer application), mineral N in sap increased as a result of N fertilization in medium-textured soil, and remained high until 120 days after fertilization in clayey soil. The total N content of sap followed a similar behavior. Stalk yield was only observed to increase in sugarcane grown in the clayey soil. Sap analysis proved to be an efficient method for monitoring N status in sugarcane grown in different soil types.

关键词： Saccharum spp. Mineral Nitrogen Nitrogen Absorption Ratoon Cane Nutritional Status

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Characterization of the Bacillus subtilis penicillin-Binding protein pBp4

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第3期9卷 164-176页

作者： Arnaud Vanden Broeck Eric Sauvage Bernard joris Colette Duez Institut de Chimie Centre for Protein Engineering University of Liège Liège Belgium Institut de physique Centre for Protein Engineering University of Liège Liège Belgium

purpose: The pBp4* is a penicillin Binding protein belonging to the class C of AmpH type whose function remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the biophysical and enzymatic properties of the Bacillus subtilis pBp4* to gain insights into its role in the context of bacterial cell wall recycling. Methods: To characterize the pBp4*, the full-length pBp4* and its N-terminal penicillin-binding domain have been produced in Escherichia coli and purified. Results: A comparison of biophysical properties has shown that both recombinant proteins are monomeric in solution and retain the same thermal stability. On the other hand, the D-alanine methyl esterase activity detected with the full-length pBp4* is impeded by the cleavage of the 92 amino acid C-terminal domain. The esterase activity of the full-length pBp4* strates a clear D-stereospecificity. The pBp4* is also active on B. subtilis cell walls bearing teichoic acids, compounds commonly substituted with D-alanine residues. Conclusions: Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis that pBp4* could play a role in recycling cell wall components, as previously suggested.

关键词： B. subtilis pBp4* Class-C pBp D-Stereospecific Esterase

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Visceral hypersensitivity in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome: The role of proteases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10275-10286页

作者： Hannah Ceuleers Hanne Van Spaendonk Nikita Hanning Jelena Heirbaut Anne-Marie Lambeir Jurgen Joossens Koen Augustyns joris G De Man Ingrid De Meester Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Antwerp Drug Discovery Network University of Antwerp

proteases, enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, are present at high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract. Besides their well-known role in the digestive process, they also function as signaling molecules through the activation of protease-activated receptors(pARs). Based on their chemical mechanism for catalysis, proteases can be classified into several classes: serine, cysteine, aspartic, metallo- and threonine proteases represent the mammalian protease families. In particular, the class of serine proteases will play a significant role in this review. In the last decades, proteases have been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity, which is a major factor contributing to abdominal pain in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and/or irritable bowel syndrome. So far, only a few preclinical animal studies have investigated the effect of protease inhibitors specifically on visceral sensitivity while their effect on inflammation is described in more detail. In our accompanying review we describe their effect on gastrointestinal permeability. On account of their promising results in the field of visceral hypersensitivity, further research is warranted. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the concept of visceral hypersensitivity as well as on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of proteases herein.

关键词： proteases proteinase-activated receptors protease inhibitors Visceral hypersensitivity Visceral pain Irritable bowel syndrome Inflammatory bowel diseases

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Mycotoxin binder improves growth rate in piglets associated with reduction of toll-like receptor-4 and increase of tight junction protein gene expression in gut mucosa

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 351-360页

作者： Linghong Jin Wei Wang Jeroen Degroote Noémie Van Noten Honglin Yan Maryam Majdeddin Mario Van poucke Luc peelman Anne Goderis Kurt Van De Mierop Ronny Mombaerts Stefaan De Smet joris Michiels Department of Applied Biosciences Ghent University Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal product Quality Department of Animal Production Ghent University Department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Nutrex

Background: Deoxynivalenol(DON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species in the field, commonly found in cereal grains, which negatively affects performances and health of animals. Mycotoxin binders are supposed to reduce the toxicity of ***: The effect of a mycotoxin binder(containing acid-activated bentonite, clinoptilolite, yeast cell walls and organic acids) on growth performance and gut health was studied. Hundred and twenty weaning piglets were allocated to 4 treatments, with 5 pens of 6 piglets each, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design: control diet; control diet with 1 kg/t binder; control diet with DON; and control diet with DON and 1 kg/t binder. From d0–14,the diet of DON-challenged groups was artificially contaminated with a mixture of DON(2.6 mg/kg), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(0.1 mg/kg) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol(0.3 mg/kg), after which the total contamination level was reduced to 1 mg/kg, until d37. On d14, one pig from each pen was euthanized and distal small intestinal mucosa samples were collected for the assessment of intestinal permeability, and gene expression of tight junction proteins, toll-like receptor 4, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal alkaline ***: After 37 d, there were no differences in growth performance between control and DON-challenged groups(p > 0.05). Nevertheless, groups that received diets with binder had a significantly higher average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) for the first 14 d as well as for the whole period, compared to groups without binder(p ≤ 0.05). Groups with binder in the diet also exhibited lower expression of toll-like receptor 4 in distal small intestinal mucosa at d14, compared to groups without binder(p ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, comparing the two DON treatments, piglets fed DON and binder had significantly higher ADFI and ADG compared to those with only DON for the first 14-d(p ≤ 0.05). Addition of binder to DON contaminated diets, also down-regulated th

关键词： Binder Deoxynivalenol Gut barrier Gut health Mycotoxin pigs

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Regulation of intestinal permeability: The role of proteases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第12期23卷 2106-2123页

作者： Hanne Van Spaendonk Hannah Ceuleers Leonie Witters Eveline patteet Jurgen Joossens Koen Augustyns Anne-Marie Lambeir Ingrid De Meester joris G De Man Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Antwerp Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Antwerp Drug Discovery Network University of Antwerp Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry University of Antwerp

The gastrointestinal barrier is-with approximately 400 m^2-the human body's largest surface separating the external environment from the internal milieu. This barrier serves a dual function: permitting the absorption of nutrients, water and electrolytes on the one hand, while limiting host contact with noxious luminal antigens on the other hand. To maintain this selective barrier, junction protein complexes seal the intercellular space between adjacent epithelial cells and regulate the paracellular transport. Increased intestinal permeability is associated with and suggested as a player in the pathophysiology of various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes. The gastrointestinal tract is exposed to high levels of endogenous and exogenous proteases, both in the lumen and in the mucosa. There is increasing evidence to suggest that a dysregulation of the protease/antiprotease balance in the gut contributes to epithelial damage and increased permeability. Excessive proteolysis leads to direct cleavage of intercellular junction proteins, or to opening of the junction proteins via activation of protease activated receptors. In addition, proteases regulate the activity and availability of cytokines and growth factors, which are also known modulators of intestinal permeability. This review aims at outlining the mechanisms by which proteases alter the intestinal permeability. More knowledge on the role of proteases in mucosal homeostasis and gastrointestinal barrier function will definitely contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets for permeability-related diseases.

关键词： Intestinal permeability Intestinal barrier Tight junction paracellular permeability proteases proteinase-activated receptor protease inhibitor Antiproteases

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Schistosoma mansoni proteins attenuate gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第6期16卷 703-712页

作者： Nathalie E Ruyssers Benedicte Y De Winter joris G De Man Natacha D Ruyssers Ann J Van Gils Alex Loukas Mark S pearson Joel V Weinstock paul A pelckmans Tom G Moreels Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Antwerp Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Queensland Institute of Medical Research 4006 Brisbane Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology Tufts New England Medical Center

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Schistosoma mansoni(***) soluble worm proteins on gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice. METHODS:Colitis was induced by intrarectal injection of trinitrobenzene sulphate(TNBS) and 6 h later,mice were treated ip with *** *** were performed 5 d after TNBS *** quantified using validated inflammation parameters. Gastric emptying and geometric center were measured to assess in vivo gastrointestinal *** activity of distal colonic segments was studied in vitro using a modified Trendelenburg *** profiles of T-lymphocytes isolated from the colon were determined by real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS:Intracolonic injection of TNBS caused severe *** with *** proteins significantly ameliorated colonic inflammation after 5 *** did not affect gastric emptying but significantly decreased the geometric center and impaired colonic peristaltic activity 5 d after the induction of *** with *** proteins ameliorated these in vivo and in vitro motility *** addition,TNBS injection caused a downregulation of effector T cell cytokines after 5 d,whereas a *** protein effect was no longer observed at this time point. CONCLUSION:Treatment with *** proteins attenuated intestinal inflammation and ameliorated motility disturbances during murine experimental colitis.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Helminth proteins Colitis peristalsis Crohn’s disease Gastrointestinal motility Trinitrobenzene sulphate

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螺旋榨油机榨螺螺纹体积计算的研究

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中国油脂 2006年第8期31卷 75-77页

作者：王志山何方 joris S.M.Vergeest 河南工业大学机电工程学院郑州市中原路校区450007 Delft University of Technology Faculty of Industrial Design EngineeringNL-2628 CE DelftThe Netherlands

计算螺旋榨油机压缩比的关键是计算榨螺的体积。研究圆柱根圆等截面圆柱榨螺体积的计算,将螺纹对应的圆心角M等分,得到M个计算单元。由于榨螺推料面倾角和背面倾角的存在,该计算单元的6个外表面中,有两个平面、有两个圆柱曲面片、还有... 详细信息

计算螺旋榨油机压缩比的关键是计算榨螺的体积。研究圆柱根圆等截面圆柱榨螺体积的计算,将螺纹对应的圆心角M等分,得到M个计算单元。由于榨螺推料面倾角和背面倾角的存在,该计算单元的6个外表面中,有两个平面、有两个圆柱曲面片、还有两个不同的螺旋面。将榨螺螺纹高度沿径向N等分,计算出N个薄壁圆管曲面片段的体积即可得到计算单元的体积。用VC++6.0编程,根据输入的榨螺参数计算螺纹的体积和榨膛空余容积。

关键词：螺旋榨油机榨螺螺纹螺纹的体积榨膛空余容积 VC++6.0

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