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Water and Ethanol Absorption Capacity of Hydrogels Synthezised with N,N, Dimethylacrylamide

材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第11期4卷 42-47页

作者： jorge Alberto Cortes ortega Rogelio Morales Borges Department of Chemistry University of Guadalajara Jaliseo 44430 Mdxico

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Socio-spatial organization reveals paternity and low kinship in the Honduran white bat(Ectophylla alba)in Costa Rica

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第5期16卷 646-658页

作者： Edgar G.GUTIÉRREZ Isabela VIVAS-TORO Daniela CARMONA-RUÍZ David VILLALOBOS-CHAVES Bernal RODRÍGUEZ-HERRERA Melina Del REAL-MONROY Gloria LEÓN-AVILA jorge ortega Laboratorio de Bioconservación y Manejo Posgrado en Ciencias QuimicobiológicasDepartamento de ZoologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa RicaSan JoséCosta Rica Laboratorio de Genómica Evolutiva Doctorado en Ciencias BásicasUniversidad Autónoma de ZacatecasZacatecasZac.México Laboratorio de Genética Posgrado en Ciencias QuimicobiológicasDepartamento de ZoologíaEscuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Ectophylla alba is a tent-making bat that roosts in mixed-sex clusters comprising adults and *** goal was to determine the genetic identity of individuals belonging to different roosting *** tested the hypothesis of kin selection as a major force structuring group *** used 9 microsatellites designed for *** to determine the genetic identity and probability of parentage of *** analyzed parentage and kinship using the software ML-Relate,GenAIEx,and *** obtained relationship probabilities(0.5)revealed a clear maternal relationship between female adults and offspring with allele compatibility,and at least 5 relationships between male adults and *** found a low degree of relatedness within roosting *** roosting groups at different sites,the mean probability of a half-sibling relationship ranged from 0.214 to 0.244 and,for full-sibling relationship,from 0.383 to ***,adult individuals were poorly related within clusters,and kinship as an evolutionary force could not explain group membership.

关键词： Ectophylla alba group composition kinship microsatellites relatedness

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Schistosomiasis control in Senegal:results from community data analysis for optimizing preventive chemotherapy intervention with praziquantel

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 101-102页

作者： Boubacar Diop Khadime Sylla NDèye MBackéKane Oumou Kaltoum Boh Babacar Guèye Mady Ba Idrissa Talla Malang Mané Rose Monteil Boniface Kinvi Honorat Gustave Marie Zoure jorge Cano ortega Pauline Mwinzi Moussa Sacko Babacar Faye Programme National de Lutte Contre les Bilharzioses et les Géo-Helminthiases Direction de la Lutte Contre la Maladie (DLM) Ministère de la Santé et de l’Action Sociale (MSAS) Dakar Senegal Department of Parasitology and Mycology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) Dakar Senegal WHO Country Office Dakar Senegal Département de Santé Publique Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Amadou Hampathé Ba Dakar Senegal FHI 360 Chargé des Enquêtes et Evaluation des Maladies et des Campagnes de DMM Dakar Senegal Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases (ESPEN) WHO Africa Regional Office Brazzaville Congo Service de Parasitologie Institut National de Santé Publique (INSP) Bamako Mali

Background Over the past two decades,preventive chemotherapy(PC)with praziquantel(PZQ)is the major strategy for controlling schistosomiasis in *** objective of this analysis was to update the endemicity of schistosomiasis at community level for better targeting mass treatment with PZQ in *** Demographic and epidemiological data from 1610 community health areas were analyzed using the schistosomiasis community data analysis tool of Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases which developed by World Health Organization/Africa Ofce(WHO/AFRO).The tool uses a WHO/AFRO decision tree for areas without epidemiological data to determine whether mass treatment should be continued at community *** analysis was *** Overall,the endemicity of 1610 community health areas were updated based on the data from the district endemicity(33.5%)and the form of Join request for selected PC medicine(40.5%).Up to 282(17.5%)and 398(24.7%)of community health areas were classifed as moderate and high endemicity.41.1%of communities were non *** endemicity was more important in Tambacounda,Saint Louis,Matam,Louga and Kedougou.A change in endemicity category was observed when data was disagregted from district level to community *** units classifed non endemic were more important at community level(n=666)compared to district level(n=324).Among 540 areas previously classifed high endemic at district level,392(72.6%)remained high prevalence category,while 92(17.0%)became moderate,43(8.0%)low and 13(2.4%)non-endemics at community *** of implementation units requiring PC was more important at district level(1286)compared to community level(944).Number of school aged children requiring treatment was also more important at district level compared to community *** The analysis to disaggregate data from district level to community level using the WHO/AFRO schistosomiasis sub-distric

关键词： Schistosomiasis Community data analysis Endemicity Praziquantel Senegal

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Patterns of Genetic Diversity of the White-Nosed Coati Reveals Phylogeographically Structured Subpopulations in Mexico

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Natural Resources 2017年第1期8卷 31-53页

作者： Adrián Silva-Caballero Gloria León-ávila David Valenzuela-Galván Jesús E. Maldonado jorge ortega Laboratorio de Bioconservación y Manejo Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Mexico City México Laboratorio de Genética Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Mexico City México Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC) Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca México Center for Conservation Genomics Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park Washington DC USA

Coatis (Procyonidae;Nasua) are considered the only truly social meso-carnivore mammals in Neotropical forests. In Mexico, white-nosed coatis (Nasua narica) are suspected to have undergone population reduction due to habitat loss and fragmentation and led to a lack of genetic adaptability and genetic isolation throughout its range. We examined patterns of genetic diversity and connectivity of five populations of Nasua narica distributed throughout Mexico (n = 60) by sequencing an ≈ 800 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene and also by screening 12 microsatellite loci. We found moderate to high levels of genetic variability for both genetic markers. We recorded twenty-two different cytochrome-b haplotypes throughout the 5 sampled areas and found that each of the sampled population of white-nosed coatis in Mexico harbors unique haplotypes and only three haplotypes were shared among two different populations that were closer geographically. All populations had high haplotype diversity (h) (0.968 ± 0.008 (SD)) but lower levels of nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.007 ± 0.001 (SD). All microsatellite loci were polymorphic in all of the populations and the mean number of alleles per locus was 5.033 ± 1.545 (SD) with expected (HE) and observed (HO) heterozygosity values of 0.774 and 0.664, respectively. However, low Wright F statistic values suggest the existence of a reduced heterozygosity (FST = 0.203, FIS = 0.134 and FIT = 0.310). Significant differences between the five populations confirmed isolation by distance, which suggests genetic structure among five subpopulations.

关键词： Alleles Cytochrome b Heterozygosity Microsatellites Nasua narica Procyonids

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Evaluation of the Use of Gamma Radiation for Reduction of Aflatoxin B1 in Corn(Zea mays)Used in the Production of Feed for Broiler Chickens

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2018年第1期7卷 21-33页

作者： Marco Sinche Serra Marco Burbano Pulles Freddy Torres Mayanquer Martin Campos Vallejo Marcelo Ibarra Rosero jorge Mina ortega Luis Nunez Naranjo National Polytechnic School Department of Nuclear SciencesQuitoEcuador Food Engineering Career Carchi State Polytechnic UniversityTulcánEcuador Agricultural Career Carchi State Polytechnic UniversityTulcánEcuador Department of Pathology College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Corn is one of the main grasses used to produce human or animal food. One of the main problems with the use of corn is the presence of mycotoxins, where aflatoxin B1 is one of the most harmful for human and animal health. Chemical methods such as the addition of antifungals and sequestrants are used to control this contaminant in food;however, these methods can leave dangerous residues. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of irradiation with gamma rays on corn for the control of aflatoxin B1. For this purpose, three treatments were compared: treatment 1, application of gamma radiation, treatment 2, application of antifungal and treatment 3, combination of gamma radiation and application of antifungal. Corn without exposure to any control of aflatoxin was used as a witness group. Irradiation doses of 2, 6 and 10 kGy were tested, and the dose of 6 kGy was selected as the best since it lowered aflatoxin B1 more effectively. The corn analyzed in this study was stored during 45 days at 23°C, and every 15 days. We determined the concentration of aflatoxin B1, presence or absence of pathogenic microorganisms and insects, and we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of the grain. Then, the treatments were compared and treatment 1, only irradiation with gamma rays, proved to be significantly more effective in the reduction of aflatoxin B1 and the total inhibition of the survival of the insects during the 45 days of storage which allowed better preservation of the protein. All treatments controlled the growing of pathogenic microorganisms as Salmonella and Enterobacteriacea, and kept the humidity of the grain in values lower than 13%. The cost production of a bag of 40 kg of feed was also estimated in USD 22.56;which is1.80% greater than the cost corresponding to the conventional process that uses mycotoxin sequestrants.

关键词： Zea mays Aflatoxin Gamma Radiation Poultry Feed

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Performance between the Hydraulic Gradient Method and the Perturbation Method for the Analysis of Water Supply Networks

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2020年第6期9卷 217-226页

作者： Iván Ayala Bizarro Elviz Quispe García Marco Lopez Barrantes Freddy Marrero Saucedo Omar CaballeroSanchez Hugo Lujan Jeri Carlos Gaspar Paco jorge ortega Vargas Department of Civil Engineering National University of HuancavelicaHuancavelica 09001Peru

The HGM(Hydraulic Gradient Method),it is used in most of the current commercial software,such as EPANET,WaterCAD,MikeNet,among others,the same that corresponds to an iterative method that depends on initial estimated parameters and programming structures that ensure convergence to obtain results with the highest precision,in addition to this the method makes use of non-linear equation ***,the execution time for large extensions of water distribution networks is considerably *** the other hand,the PM(Perturbation Method),is a new direct solution method,which makes use of principles of quantum mechanics to transform nonlinear equations into simpler linear *** a simple and robust optimization method that only requires simple and direct mathematical *** the MathCad and Python programming languages as a verification tool,multiple tests were carried out,the results for the hydraulic parameters showing that the flow rates and pressures obtained by the HGM and the PM are extremely similar,in the same way the execution time(time run)have been 77.09%favorable to the *** other words,the PM presents efficiency to estimate the hydraulic characteristics such as the pressures at the nodes and the velocities in the pipes of the drinking water distribution networks.

关键词： Perturbation method quantum mechanics hydraulic gradient

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Analysis and Prediction of Risks From Rockfall in the Huancavelica City

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2019年第5期8卷 203-215页

作者： Ivan Ayala Bizarro Victor Paitan Sedano Edman Ventura Sullca Marco Lopez Barrantes Hugo Lujan Jeri Abdon Olivera Quintanilla jorge ortega Vargas Carlos Gaspar Paco Department of Civil Engineering National University of HuancavelicaHuancavelica 09001Peru

This research refers to the analysis and prediction of rockfall risk,whose objective is to determine the results of the validation of the model and application of modeling in the Rocfall Software,in this way to prepare the map of risk ***,the general problem was identified:What are the results of the analysis and prediction of risks from rockfall in the city of Huancavelica?To respond to the problem posed,the following steps were carried out:obtaining field information with Drone equipment and using photogrammetric processes the topography of the study area was obtained,identification of unstable areas,trajectories,traces of the previously occurred landslides and five geomechanical *** specific weight of eight rock samples in the laboratory of the National University of Huancavelica was also calculated,which served to obtain the weight of the large-scale rock *** addition,the normal and tangential restitution coefficients were calibrated,that is,field *** the data were obtained,modeling was carried out by applying the Rocfall software,whose results of ten trajectories were:final distance reached,bounce height,kinetic energy and translational *** these values,risk maps have been prepared,taking into account the areas of housing vulnerability in the city of ***,it is proposed to mitigate these risks of rockfall,with dynamic barriers,which is important for the security of housing in the analysis sectors.

关键词： Risk prediction rockfall trajectory simulation

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Determination of the Real Dotation and Forecast of the Potable Water System in the Huancavelica City, Peru

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2019年第6期8卷 241-248页

作者： Iván Ayala Bizarro Ivette Contreras Espinoza Cristel Aguirre Vera Marco López Barrantes jorge ortega Vargas Abdon Olivera Quintanilla Hugo Lujan Jeri Eleuterio Alcántara Espinoza Department of Civil Engineering National University of HuancavelicaHuancavelica 09001Peru

The research entitled,“Determination of the Real Dotation and Forecast of the Potable Water System in the Huancavelica city-Peru”,has as objective to determine and analyze the actual endowment and prognosis of the drinking water system in the city of *** city of Huancavelica has a population of approximately 50,000.00 inhabitants and 10,680.00 users of drinking water and sewerage according to the source Companies Providing This Service,the same one that is located in the western chain and central saw range of Perúand belongs to a cold *** sample was extracted through Companies Providing This Service EMAPA Huancavelica SA(Anonymous Society),which corresponds to 1,296 data from the consumption of water in cubic meters of each dwelling located in the various categories of each *** results obtained from the research indicate that the category that consumed more water during the period 2004-2018 was the domestic category,the same one that had an average of 1,152,123 cubic meters,this is due to the population growth of each *** the other side,the category that consumed the least water was the social category,the average consumption of which was 11,903.47 cubic *** addition,the greatest variability in water consumption is in the state category,the total variation being equal to 21.6%.In the Huancavelica city,water consumption has a growing trend and to predict the volume of drinking water consumption by 2030,water consumption was transformed by first differences,using the ARIMA(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average)model for total consumption model(0-1-1)(2-0-0)-12 and for the domestic consumption the ARIMA model(0-1-2)(0-0-2)-*** the other hand,water consumption was analyzed on a monthly basis in which there is greater variability for the months June-6 and *** was taken into account for the calculation of the endowment the domestic consumption,having values ranging from 6.45 L/inhab/day until 1,460 L/inhab/day,which re

关键词： Drinking water real consumption critical demand forecasting drinking water

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Assessment of the Sensitivity of Soil Parameters in Sediment Production in the Ichu River Experimental Basin

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2023年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： Ivan A.Ayala Bizarro Yunior AHuaman Paitan Marco Lopez Barrantes jorge ortega Vargas Omar Caballero sanchez Abdon Olivera Quintanilla Cesar Jurado Mancha Jessica Zuniga Mendoza Cesar Lifonzo Salcedo Faculty of Civil Engineering National University of HuancavelicaHuancavelica 09001Peru Faculty of Civil Engineering National University of San Cristobal of HuamangaAyacucho 05000Peru

This research aims to determine how much is the sensitivity of soil parameters in the production of sediments through the model distributed at the level of cells in the Ichu River Basin,which is located in the Andes of Peru,with an approximate surface area of 1,380.17 km2,corresponding to the control section and tributary to the Mantaro ***,for the evaluation of sensitivity determine the amount of sediments of the textures:silt,clay and *** achieve the objectives that have been raised in this research has been used the conceptual distributed hydrological model TETIS v9.1,which has been calibrated and validated using the climatic variables that are recorded at the hourly level in six weather stations and a hydrometric station,synthetic precipitation was also used withsatellite stations(CHIRPS)of the Climate Hazards Group that has registered with a grid of 0.05 degrees of resolution,from 1981 to the *** determine the solid component,the TETIS v9.1 model uses the equations developed in the CASCade 2 Dimensional SEDimentation model(CASC2D-SED)that presents conceptual approaches with physical *** sediment processes on slopes this CASC2D-SED model simulates in two dimensions,as well as helps to determine the quantification of sediments at any point in the basin considering all physical *** the other hand,the OpenLandMap data portal has been used for land cover data of the K factor corresponding to the susceptibility of the soil that can suffer losses due to ***,the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)observation system to determine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices(NDVI)for the culture factor *** parameter P corresponding to the conservation technique applied,has been developed using remote sensing techniques using the Google Earth Engine(GEE)***,the results obtained from the evaluation of the sensitivity of the parameters are significant,in this way the hypothesis that is raised is approv

关键词： Sediments distributed model CASC2D-SED model

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True grit: ingestion of small stone particles by hummingbirds in West Mexico

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 739-749页

作者： Omar Maya-García Mauricio ortega-Flores jorge E.Schondube Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas Unidad de PosgradoCoordinación del Posgrado en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoEdificio D1er pisoCircuito de PosgradosCiudad UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánC.P.04510 México D.F.Mexico Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex Hacienda de San Joséde la HuertaC.P.58190 MoreliaMichoacánMexico

Background: Grit is used by birds mainly for grinding hard food items but can also serve a nutritional role as a source of minerals. Ingestion of grit by birds has been documented primarily in species that feed on seeds and *** feeding mainly on nectar and small arthropods, hummingbirds also ingest grit, but why they do so is unclear. We quantified the number of grit particles in the stomachs of six species of hummingbirds during an annual cycle in a seasonal ecosystem of West ***: We compared the number of grit particles in the stomachs of different hummingbird species(Mexican Violetear Colibri thalassinus, Amethyst-throated Mountaingem Lampornis amethystinus, White-eared Hummingbird Basilinna leucotis, Rivoli's Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens, Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus, and Rufous Hummingbird S. rufus), and between sex and age categories during the different seasons of a year. To deter-mine if grit was used to grind ingested arthropods, we examined the relationships between the number of grit parti-cles, the biomass of arthropods ingested, and their chitin ***: Although species did not differ in the number of grit particles in their stomachs, we found that grit was mostly ingested by female individuals, with only one male of one species(Mexican Violetear) presenting grit in its stomach. We also found that female hummingbirds had grit in their stomachs during the rainy and the cold-dry season(June-February) but not during the warm-dry season(March-May). Our analyses revealed no relationship between the number of grit particles and the amount of ingested arthropods and arthropod chitin content. However,high grit consumption was related to wasp ingestion on Mexican ***: Our results indicate that grit is used mainly by female hummingbirds. The seasonal variation in the ingestion of grit by female individuals suggests that it can be used to meet mineral requirements related to breed-ing;how

关键词： Arthropod chitin content Arthropod digestion Breeding season Mineral nutritional requirements

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