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Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on neurodegenerative and ischemic brain diseases: the role of erythropoietin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1381-1389页

作者： Carolina Castillo Hernández Carlos Felipe Burgos Angela Hidalgo Gajardo Tiare Silva-Grecchi Javiera Gavilan Jorge Roberto Toledo jorge Fuentealba Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compounds Department of Physiology School of Biological Sciences University of Concepción Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Department of Pathophysiology School of Biological Sciences University of Concepción

Erythropoietin （Epo） is a fundamental hormone in the regulation of hematopoiesis, and other secondary roles mediated by the binding of the hormone to its specific receptor （EpoR）, which leads to an activation of key signaling pathways that induce an increase in cell differentiation, apoptosis control and neuroprotection. It has been suggested that their ftmction depends on final conformation of glycosylations, related with affinity to the receptor and its half-life. The presence of EpoR has been reported in different tissues including central nervous system, where it has been demonstrated to exert a neuroprotective function against oxidative stress conditions, such as ischemic injury and neurodegenerative diseases. There is also evidence of an increase in EpoR expression in brain cell lysates of Alzheimer＇s patients with respect to healthy patients. These results are related with extensive in vitro experimental data of neuroprotection obtained from cell lines, primary cell cultures and hippocampal slices. Additionally, this data is correlated with in vivo experiments （water maze test） in mouse models of Alzheimer＇s disease where Epo treatment improved cognitive function. These stud- ies support the idea that receptor activation induces a neuroprotective effect in neurodegenerative disorders including dementias, and especially Alzheimer＇s disease. Taken together, available evidence suggests that Epo appears to be a central element for EpoR activation and neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms associated with neuroprotection and its relation with the activation of EpoR in order with identify new targets to develop pharmacological strategies.

关键词： erythropoietin erythropoietin receptor neuroprotection anti-apoptosis Alzheimer＇s disease

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER Isaíjorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE toledo Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main parasites.However,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network structures.Here,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host sexes.We captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian Amazon.Despite female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically significant.The pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 compartments.The total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,respectively.Connectance values were very low for the pooled network and for all subnetworks.Our results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry season.Moreover,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male subnetwork.Therefore,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network structure.Future studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Low-ionization galaxies and evolution in a pilot survey up to z=1

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第3期11卷 245-270页

作者： Edmond Giraud Qiu-Sheng Gu jorge Melnick Hernan Quintana Fernando Selman Ignacio toledo Paula Zelaya LPTA Universit6 Montpellier 2 - CNRS/IN2P3 34095 Montpellier France edmond.giraud@ lpta. in2p3.fr Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China European Southern Observatory /klonso de Cbrdova 3107 Santiago Chile Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics R Universidad Catolica de Chile Casilla 306Santiago Chile

We present galactic spectroscopic data from a pencil beam of 10.75×7.5 centered on the X-ray cluster RXJ0054.0–2823 at z=0.29.We study the spectral evolution of galaxies from z=1 down to the cluster redshift in a magnitude-limited sample at R≤23,for which the statistical properties of the sample are well understood.We divide emission-line galaxies into star-forming galaxies,Low Ionization Nuclear Emission line Regions（LINERs） ,and Seyferts by using emission-line ratios of[OII],Hβ,and[OIII],and derive stellar fractions from population synthesis models. We focus our analysis on absorption and low-ionization galaxies.For absorption-line galaxies,we recover the well-known result that these galaxies have had no detectable evolution since z～0.6-0.7,but we also find that in the range z=0.65-1,at least 50% of the stars in bright absorption systems are younger than 2.5 Gyr.Faint absorption-line galaxies in the cluster at z=0.29 also had significant star formation during the previous 2-3 Gyr,but their brighter counterparts seem to be only composed of old stars.At z～0.8,our dynamically young cluster had a truncated red-sequence.This result seems to be consistent with a scenario where the final assembly of E/S0 took place at z1.In the volume-limited range 0.35≤z≤0.65,we find that 23% of the early-type galaxies have LINER-like spectra with Hβin absorption and have a significant component of A stars.The vast majority of LINERs in our sample have significant populations of young and intermediate-aged stars and are thus not related to AGNs,but to the population of‘retired galaxies’recently identified by Cid Fernandes et al.in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey（SDSS） .Early-type LINERs with various fractions of A stars and E＋A galaxies appear to play an important role in the formation of the red sequence.

关键词： cosmology：observations—galaxies：evolution—large scale structures —evolution—RX J0054.0–2823

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The optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from cactus pear(Opuntia ficus-indica) skin in a reflux system using response surface methodology

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第6期3卷 436-442页

作者： Aguirre Joya jorge De La Garza toledo Heliodoro Zugasti Cruz Alejandro Belmares Cerda Ruth Aguilar Cristóbal No Food Research Department School of ChemistryUniversidad Autonóma de Coahuila Basic Science Department Universidad Autonóma Agraria Antonio Narro

Objective:To extract,quantify,and evaluate the phenolic content in Opuntia ficus-indica skin for their antioxidant capacity with three different methods(ABTS,DPPH,and lipid oxidation)and to optimize the extraction conditions[time,temperature and ethanol concentration)in a reflux system.Methods:The extraction process was done using a reflux system.A San CristobalⅡexperimental design with three variables and three levels was used.The variables evaluated were time of extraction(h),concentration of ethanol(%,v/v)and temperature(°C).The extraction process was optimized using a response surface methodology.Results:It was observed that at higher temperature more phenolic compounds were extracted,but the antioxidant capacity was decreased.The optimum conditions for phenolic compounds extraction and antioxidant capacity mixing the three methods were as Follows:45%of ethanol,80℃and 2 hours of extraction.Values obtained in our results are little higher that other previously reported.Conclusions:It can he concluded the by-products of Opuntia ficus-indica represent a good source of natural antioxidants with possible applications in food,cosmetics or drugs industries.

关键词： Opuntia ficus-indica Reflux Phenolics Antioxidants Prickly pear Response surface methodology

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Utility of C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin for Detecting Bloodstream Infection in Patients with HIV/AIDS

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World Journal of AIDS 2014年第3期4卷 287-292页

作者： Arianna Castillo Marshall Tersilia García Castellanos Isabel Martínez Motas Daniel Salazar Rodriguez María Eugenia toledo Romaní jorge Pérez ávila Clinical Laboratory International Health Center La Pradera La Havana Cuba Department of Clinical Microbiology Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí” La Havana Cuba Epidemiology Research Department Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí” La Havana Cuba Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí” La Havana Cuba Medicine Faculty Latin-American’s School La Havana Cuba

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected persons, are at high risk for developing a bloodstream infection. In order to evaluate the usefulness of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PTC) in the detection of bloodstream infection in HIV, a case-control study was conducted from February to December 2012. PCT and CPR levels were measured in 2 groups. PCT concentrations were measured by the VIDAS®?Brahms PCT assay, and CRP concentrations were determined by CRP latex. Values were calculated for both biomarkers and discriminative ability of PCT and CRP was analyzed using ROC curves. There were no significant differences between the study group and the control groups with respect to CRP levels. However, they were much higher PCT levels in patients with bacteremia. PCT showed greater discriminating ability compared to CRP, and proved to be a valuable tool for the detection of systemic bacterial infections in HIV infected patients.

关键词： Acute Renal Injury Surgical Hemostasis Absorbable Implants Inflammation Biocompatible

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Evaluating Oblique Shock Waves Characteristics on a Double-Wedge Airfoil

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第12期8卷 862-871页

作者： jorge Luis Garrido Tellez Eusebio Hernandez-Martinez Miguel toledo Velazquez Jose Angel Ortega Herrera Pedro Quinto-Diez Instituto Politecnico Nacional SEPI ESIME Ticoman Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Instituto Politecnico Nacional SEPI ESIME Zacatenco Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

Numerical and experimental study to evaluate aerodynamic characteristics in supersonic ow over a double wedge airfoil is carried out using Fluent software and a supersonic wind tunnel, respectively. The Schlieren visualization method was also used to develop the experimental step of this study. The supersonic wind tunnel reached a proximately a Mach number of 1.8. The result got showed oblique shock waves visualization on double-wedge airfoil and the numerical simulation, the flow behavior as function of Mach number, pressure, temperature and density in the flow field on the computational model. The simulation allowed to observe the shock wave and the expansion fan in the leading and tailing edge of double-wedge airfoil. From the numerical and experimental comparison, an agreement at the shock wave angle and Mach number was observed, with a difference about 1.17% from the experimental results.

关键词： Oblique Shock Waves Supersonic Airfoil Flow Visualization Numerical Simulation Schlieren Method

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氮素改变辣椒初级代谢和薄壁组织厚度调控比叶面积研究

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辣椒杂志 2021年第3期19卷 36-48页

作者： Lucas de ávila Silva Rebeca P.Omena-Garcia jorge A.Condori-Apfata Paulo Mafra de Almeida Costa Natália Machado Silva Fábio M.Da Matta Agustin Zsogon Wagner L.Araújo Edgard A.de toledo Picoli Ronan Sulpice Adriano Nunes-Nesi 沈凌峰吉雪花(译) 不详石河子大学农学院乌鲁木齐832003

比叶面积(SLA)是影响植物光截获和光利用效率的关键性状,常常影响植物的生长和产量。SLA是解释不同植物在不同环境下生长差异的一个关键性状。光照和氮素供应都是决定SLA的重要因素。为了更好地了解辐照度和氮素对辣椒(Capsicum chinens... 详细信息

比叶面积(SLA)是影响植物光截获和光利用效率的关键性状,常常影响植物的生长和产量。SLA是解释不同植物在不同环境下生长差异的一个关键性状。光照和氮素供应都是决定SLA的重要因素。为了更好地了解辐照度和氮素对辣椒(Capsicum chinense)SLA的影响,研究对两个中国辣椒商品种(Biquinho和Habanero)的初级代谢产物和形态特征进行了分析。两种基因型辣椒的SLA随着遮阴而增加,但随氮供应量的增加而下降;在氮素供应由缺乏到充足的范围内Habanero品种的SLA表现稳定。相关分析表明,高氮供应导致SLA降低是因为氨基酸、蛋白质和淀粉含量的调节,从而影响叶片密度。此外,在中度缺氮到充足供氮范围内,两种基因型辣椒的SLA表现出响应差异,Biquinho和Habanero分别在栅栏和海绵状薄壁组织上表现出差异。总之,结果表明,SLA对氮供应的反应是由某些代谢物含量和依赖于基因型的影响叶片厚度及密度的薄壁组织变化平衡调节的。

关键词：辣椒叶片形态和解剖结构组织密度遮阴

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Computational Analysis of Flow Field on the Propulsion Nozzle of a Micro-Turbojet Engine

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Engineering（科研） 2012年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： jorge Luis Garrido-Téllez Miguel toledo-Velázquez Samuel Alcántara-Montes José ángel L. Ortega-Herrera Arturo Reyes-León Engineering Aeronautics CFD Laboratory School Higher of Engineering Mechanical and Electrical National Polytechnic Institute Applied Thermal and Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory SEPI-ESIME-IPN Unidad Profesional "Adolfo Lopez Mateos"

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the flow field on the propulsion nozzle of a micro-turbojet engine in function of the velocity. The 2D axisymmetric numerical simulation was made by using commercial software FLUENT?. A micro-turbojet engine was also employed for this study and it has the following characteristics: 100 N thrust, 130,000 rpm, mass flow rate 0.2650 kg/s, weight 1.2 kg. This engine is operating in Mexico city under the following conditions: P0, 78,000 Pa T0, 300 K, πc, 2.1 and a turbine entry temperature of 1000 K;it is considered that the nozzle is not choked. For this study, the viscous standard k- model, a semi-empirical model based on transport model equations for the turbulent kinetic energy (k) and its dissipation rate, is used. The transport model equation for k is derived from the ex-act equation, while the transport model equation for is obtained by using physical reasoning and bears resemblance to its mathematically exact counterpart. The employed grids are structured and the boundary conditions are obtained from a thermodynamic analysis. The results that are obtained show an increment of the velocity of 6.25% to the exit propulsion nozzle.

关键词： Propulsion Nozzle Model Transport Equation Numerical Simulation Small Micro Turbine

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A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-Montero Sergio Haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon Diego De Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz jorge Monserrat Mar Atienza-Pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-Mon Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research(IRYCIS) 28034 MadridSpain Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain Service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune System Diseases‑Rheumatology Service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after SCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this condition.Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a whole.The initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and well-being.In the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of SCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are interconnected.Finally,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： Spinal cord injury(SCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) Secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

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