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CFD aided investigation of single droplet coalescence

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 249-252页

作者： Felix Gebauer Mark W.Hlawitschka Hans-jorg.Bart Chair of Separation Science and Technology University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany Center for Computational and Mathematical Modelling(CIVY) University of KaiserslauternKaisersloutern 67653Germany

This article describes the development of a coalescence model using various CFD work packages,and is validated using as toluene water model *** studies were performed to describe droplet interactions in liquid–liquid test *** models use adjustable parameters to describe these *** research in the past decades led to different correlations to model coalescence and breakage depending on the chemical system and the apparatus *** the complexity of droplet coalescence requires a detailed investigation of local phenomena during the droplet *** fluid dynamics(CFD) studies of single droplet interactions were performed and validated with experimental results to improve the understanding of the local hydrodynamics and film drainage during *** CFD simulations were performed for the interaction of two differently sized droplets at industrial relevant impact *** experimental verification and validation of the numerical results were done with standardized high-speed imaging studies by using a special test cell with a pendant and a free rising *** experimental based algorithm was implemented in the open source code OpenF OAM to account for the contact time and the dimple *** standard European Federation of Chemical Engineering(EFCE) test system toluene/water was used for the numerical studies and the experimental investigations as *** results of the CFD simulations are in good accordance with the observed coalescence behavior in the experimental *** addition,a detailed description of local phenomena,like film rupture,velocity gradients,pressures and micro-droplet entrainment could be obtained.

关键词： CFD Parameter estimation Coalescence Film drainage

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Nucleus-Encoded Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Proteins are Imported Normally into Chlorophyll b-Free Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第3期6卷 860-871页

作者： Sabine Nick jorg.Meurer Jurgen Soil Elisabeth Ankele Dept Biologie I-Botanik Biozentrum LMU Munchen Grosshadernerstrasse 2-4 D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science ClPSM Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25 D-81377 Munich Germany

Chloroplast-located proteins which are encoded by the nuclear genome have to be imported from the cytosol into the organelle in a posttranslational manner. Among these nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins are the light- harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins （LHCPs）. After translation in the cytosol, precursor proteins of LHCPs are imported via the TOC/TIC translocase, processed to their mature size to insert into thylakoid membranes where they recruit chlorophylls a and b to form pigment-protein complexes. The translocation of proteins is a highly regulated process which employs several regulators. To analyze whether CAO （chlorophyll a oxigenase） which converts chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b at the inner chloroplast membrane, is one of these regulators, we performed import reactions utilizing a homozygous loss-of-function mutant （cao-1）. We imported in vitro translated and 35S-labeled precursor proteins of light- harvesting proteins of photosystem II LHCB1, LHCB4, and LHCB5 into chloroplasts isolated from cao-1 and show that import of precursor proteins and their processing to mature forms are not impaired in the mutant. Therefore, regulation of the import machinery cannot be responsible for the decreased steady-state levels of light-harvesting complex （LHC） proteins. Regulation does not take place at the transcriptional level either, because Lhcb mRNAs are not down-regulated. Additionally, reduced steady-state levels of LHCPs also do not occur due to posttranslational turnover of non-functional LHCPs in chloroplasts. Taken together, our data show that plants in the absence of CAO and therefore devoid of chlorophyll b are not influenced in their import behavior of LHC proteins.

关键词： chloroplast import LHCPs cao-1 protein complex assembly thylakoid membranes photosynthesis.

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饮食纤维,糖负荷与女性非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的危险

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 1997年第5期16卷 213-217页

作者： jorg.,SM JoAn.,M

目的:前瞻性评价高糖饮食、低纤维摄入与非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病危险的关系。设计:队列研究。背景:在1986年,我们对65173例已除外心血管疾病、癌症及糖尿病的年龄在40-65岁的美国妇女进行了详细的饮食问卷调查,由此计算出她们饮食中全部... 详细信息

目的:前瞻性评价高糖饮食、低纤维摄入与非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病危险的关系。设计:队列研究。背景:在1986年,我们对65173例已除外心血管疾病、癌症及糖尿病的年龄在40-65岁的美国妇女进行了详细的饮食问卷调查,由此计算出她们饮食中全部及特殊饮食纤维来源的通常摄入量、饮食糖指数及糖负荷。主要结果判定:非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病。结果:在6年的随访中,有91 5例观察对象确诊为糖尿病。经年龄、体重指数、吸烟、体育活动、糖尿病家族史、酒和谷类纤维摄入以及总能量摄入校正后,饮食糖指数与糖尿病的危险性呈正相关;最高与最低五分位比较,糖尿病的相对危险性(RR)为1.37(95%可信限[CI]1.09-1.71, P趋势=0.005);糖负荷(总饮食胰岛素需要量的指标)也与糖尿病呈正相关(RR=1.47,95% CI 1.16-1.86, P趋势=0.003);末端五分位比较,谷类纤维摄入与糖尿病的危险呈负相关(RR=0.72, 95%CI为0.58-0.90,P趋势=0. 001);与低糖负荷及高谷类纤维摄入比较,高糖负荷与低谷类纤维摄入同时存在可进一步增加糖尿病的危险性(RR=2.50,95%CI为1.14-5.51)。结论:我们的结果支持高糖负荷及低谷类纤维摄入可增加女性糖尿病危险的假设,提示为了降低糖尿病的发生率,谷类应以最低精炼程度的形式消费。

关键词：饮食纤维素糖负荷女性糖尿病 NIDDM

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Intestinal autotransplantation:the next level of complexity in locally advanced pancreatic cancer

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 604-606页

作者： Artur Rebelo jorg.Kleeff Department of Visceral Vascular and Endocrine SurgeryUniversity Hospital Halle(Saale)Martin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergHalleGermany

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains a devastating disease,and selecting patients who might benefit from complex arterial resection continues to be a ***,in the era of modern multimodal treatments,surgery for pancreatic cancer has become increasingly *** chemotherapy regimens such as modified-FOLFIRINOX(mFOLFIRINOX)and nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine are effective in a significant proportion of patients.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer with intestinal autotransplantation locally advanced arterial resection

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Photonic integrated circuit components based on amorphous silicon-on-insulator technology

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Photonics Research 2016年第3期4卷 126-134页

作者： Timo Lipka Lennart Moldenhauer jorg.Muller Hoc Khiem Trieu Institute of Microsystems Technology Hamburg University of Technology

We present integrated-optic building blocks and functional photonic devices based on amorphous siliconon-insulator technology. Efficient deep-etched fiber-to-chip grating couplers, low-loss single-mode photonic wire waveguides, and compact power splitters are presented. Based on the sub-μm photonic wires, 2 × 2 Mach–Zehnder interferometers and add/drop microring resonators(MRRs) with low device footprints and high finesse up to 200 were realized and studied. Compact polarization rotators and splitters with ≥10 d B polarization extinction ratio were fabricated for the polarization management on-chip. The tuning and trimming capabilities of the material platform are demonstrated with efficient microheaters and a permanent device trimming method, which enabled the realization of energy-efficient photonic circuits. Wavelength multiplexers in the form of cascaded filter banks and 4 × 4 routers based on MRR switches are presented. Fabrication imperfections were analyzed and permanently corrected by an accurate laser-trimming method, thus enabling eight-channel multiplexers with record low metrics of sub-m W static power consumption and ≤1°C temperature overhead. The high quality of the functional devices, the high tuning efficiency, and the excellent trimming capabilities demonstrate the potential to realize low-cost, densely integrated, and ultralow-power 3D-stacked photonic circuits on top of CMOS microelectronics.

关键词： Photonic integrated circuit components based on amorphous silicon-on-insulator technology SOI MRR OADM

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Human dental enamel： A masterpiece investigated natural nanotechnology by TEM and t-EBSD

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3911-3921页

作者： Anjela Koblischka-Veneva Michael R. Koblischka jorg.Schmauch Matthias Hannig Experimental Physics Saafland University P. O. Box 151150 66041 Saarbrucken Germany Clinic of Operative dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry Saarland University Building 73 66421 Homburg/Saar Germany

The micro- and nanostructures of human dental enamel were investigated by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）. For this purpose, TEM slices were prepared from teeth by focused ion-beam milling. These slices enabled TEM and transmission-EBSD （t-EBSD） investigations to be performed, while standard EBSD on bulk tooth samples resulted only in Kikuchi patterns. On the TEM slices, t-EBSD enabled automated mapping. The TEM images and the EBSD data dearly elucidated the arrangement of the hydroxyapatite crystals on the nanometer scale. Information regarding the crystallographic orientation of the apatite grains enabled the deduction of novel nanotechnological building principles of the enamel structure based on a chain-like arrangement of the crystallites.

关键词： enamel microstructure transmission electron microscopy (TEM) electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) transmission-EBSD(t-EBSD)

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A fouling suppression system in submerged membrane bioreactors using dielectrophoretic forces

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 139-145页

作者： Alaa H.Hawari Fei Du Michael Baune jorg.Thming Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Center of Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology University of Bremen

A novel method was developed to suppress membrane fouling in submerged membrane bioreactors. The method is based on the dielectrophoretic （DEP） motion of particles in an inhomogeneous electrical field. Using a real sample ofbiomass as feed, the fouling-suppression performance using DEP with different electrical field intensities （60-160 V） and different frequencies （50-1000 Hz） was investigated. The fouling-suppression performance was found to relate closely with the intensity and frequency of the electrical field. A stronger electrical field was found to better recover the filtrate flux. This is because of a stronger DEP force acting on the biomass par[ides close to the membrane＇s surface. Above an intensity and frequency value of 130 V and 1 kHz, respectively the permeate flux was reduced due to an electrothermal effect.

关键词： Submerged membrane bioreactor Dielectrophoresis Inhomogeneous electric field Fouling

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Differential Privacy via a Truncated and Normalized Laplace Mechanism

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2022年第2期37卷 369-388页

作者： William Croft jorg.Rudiger Sack Wei Shi School of Computer Science Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada School of Information Technology Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada

When querying databases containing sensitive information,the privacy of individuals stored in the database has to be *** guarantees are provided by differentially private mechanisms which add controlled noise to the query ***,most such mechanisms do not take into consideration the valid range of the query being ***,noisy responses that fall outside of this range may potentially be *** rectify this and therefore improve the utility of the mechanism,the commonly-used Laplace distribution can be truncated to the valid range of the query and then ***,such a data-dependent operation of normalization leaks additional information about the true query response,thereby violating the differential privacy ***,we propose a new method which preserves the differential privacy guarantee through a careful determination of an appropriate scaling parameter for the Laplace *** adapt the privacy guarantee in the context of the Laplace distribution to account for data-dependent normalization factors and study this guarantee for different classes of range constraint *** provide derivations of the optimal scaling parameter(i.e.,the minimal value that preserves differential privacy)for each class or provide an approximation *** a result of this work,one can use the Laplace distribution to answer queries in a range-adherent and differentially private *** demonstrate the benefits of our proposed method of normalization,we present an experimental comparison against other range-adherent *** show that our proposed approach is able to provide improved utility over the alternative mechanisms.

关键词： differential privacy Laplace mechanism query range constraint

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Alpine Activity Patterns of Mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) are Induced by Variations in Temperature and Humidity at Different Scales in Central Norway

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 644-655页

作者： Nils HEIN Roland PAPE Oliver-D. FINCH jorg.LOFFLER Department of C-eography University of Bonn Meckenheimer AUee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany Achtern Nordpol 8 D-26180 Rastede Germany

Our research addresses questions about how micro-climate affects activity abundance of a common and widespread harvestman in an alpine ecosystem. Activity patterns of the Harvestman Mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) were studied along different alpine gradients in the central Norwegian Scandes. Within a nested design, we surveyed 18 alpine habitats with pitfall traps and microclimatological equipment along oceanic-continental, two elevational, and(fine-scaled) microtopographic gradients. Sites in the oceanic region of the Scandes showed generally higher abundance of M. morio than sites in the continental region. Furthermore, along the elevational gradient, middle-alpine sites showed higher abundances than low-alpine sites. These general patterns are best explained by higher humidity in the oceanic region and in the middlealpine belt. Focusing at a finer scale, i.e. one elevational level within each region, revealed partly opposing activity patterns within relatively short distances. While in the western middle-alpine belt these patterns were best explained by humidityrelated measures but now with higher activity abundance during drier conditions, in the drier eastern middle-alpine belt heat sums rather than humidity were found to be the best explanatoryvariables for the observed patterns. Hence, our results imply a pronounced different reaction of the two populations towards climatic variables that partly even contradict the previously described general pattern. Regardless whether these differences in activity abundance in M. morio are a form of phenotypic plasticity or adaptation, our findings stress the importance of detailed autecological knowledge combined with fine-scaled climatic measurements when aiming at predictions about possible future ecosystem structures and spatiotemporal phenomena. M. morio proves to be an ideal biogeographic model organism for understanding spatio-temporal responses of alpine ecosystems under modified climatic conditions.

关键词： Climate gradients Opiliones Arctic-alpine ecosystems High mountains Scandinavia

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Updating the coal quality parameters in multiple production benches based on combined material measurement： a full case study

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第2期4卷 159-171页

作者： Cansln Yiiksel jorg.Benndorf Matthias Lindig Oliver Lohstrater Resource Engineering Section Department of Geoscienceand Engineering Delft University of Technology Stevinweg1 2628 CN Delft The Netherlands Institute for Mine Surveying and Geodesy Faculty ofGeosciences Geoengineering and Mining University of Technology Bergakademie Freiberg Reiche ZecheFuchsmuhlenweg 9 09599 Freiberg Germany Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft mbH GliJck-Auf-Strage 1 06711 Zeitz Germany

An efficient resource model updating framework concept was proposed aiming for the improvement of raw material quality control and process efficiency in any type of mining operation. The concept integrates sensor data measured online on the production line into the resource or grade/quality control model and continuously provides locally more accurate estimates. The concept has been applied in a lignite field with the aim of identifying local impurities in a coal seam and to improve the prediction of coal quality attributes in neighbouring blocks. A significant improvement was demonstrated which led to better coal quality management. So far, the proposed concept and the application in coal mining was limited to a case where online measurements were unambiguously trackable due to a single extraction face being the point of origin for the material. This contribution presents an extension to the case, where characteristics from blended material, originating from two or three simultaneously operating extraction faces, are measured. The challenge tackled in this contribution is the updating of local coal quality estimates in different production benches based on measurements of a blended material stream. For a practical application of the updating concept, which is based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter, a simple method for generating prior ensemble members based on block geometries defined in the short-term model and the variogram, is discussed. This method allows for a fast, semi-automated and rather simple generation of prior models instead of generating a fully simulated deposit model using conditional simulation in geostatistics. It should foster operational implementation in an industrial environment. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the applicability of the developed framework with a simplified prior resource model. In addition to this any model improvements due to the integration of sensor data obtained by observing a blend of coal from multiple ex

关键词： Resource model updating Online sensor Ensemble Kalman filter Multiple excavator Lignite Real application

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