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Health 2013年第12期5卷 2190-2203页

作者： jorg Vogele Luisa rittershaus Thorsten Halling Institute for the History of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Breastfeeding is considered to be the key variable for infant health. Consequently, UNICEF and the World Health Organization promote the beginning of breastfeeding within the first hour after birth and recommend to exclusively breastfeed the infant during the first six months. The origins of these modern breastfeeding campaigns can be traced back to the beginning of the twentieth century. Whereas high infant mortality rates traditionally were considered to be a matter of fate and the declining birth rates towards the end of the nineteenth century raised fears about the nation’s future and led to the emergence of an increasing infant welfare movement in imperial Germany. As low breastfeeding rates were identified as a key factor behind the high infant mortality rates, the main objective of the infant care movement was to increase breastfeeding. The paper examines how the context of infant care and infant mortality was constructed and how breastfeeding campaigns in the context of infant mortality, breastfeeding rates and socio-political changes developed during the twentieth century. Thus the paper covers the period from the beginnings of social paediatrics at the beginning of the 20th century, the breastfeeding campaigns embedded into Nazi ideology during the Third reich, until the declining breastfeeding ratios and the “feeding on demand”-movement in the 1970s as well as the ideological differences between West and East Germany during the Cold War.

关键词： Paediatrics History of Medicine Infant Feeding Infant Mortality Infant Health Germany

Effects of dietary menthol-rich bioactive lipid compounds on zootechnical traits,blood variables and gastrointestinal function in growing sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 227-240页

作者： Amlan K.Patra Sebastian Geiger Katharina T.Schrapers Hannah-Sophie Braun Heidrun Gehlen Alexander Starke robert Pieper Adam Cieslak Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel jorg r.aschen.ach Institute of Veterinary Physiology Freie Universitat BerlinOertzenweg 19b14163 BerlinGermany Department of Animal Nutrition West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences37 K.B.SaraniKolkata 700037India PerformaNat GmbH Hohentwielsteig 614163 BerlinGermany Equine Clinic:Surgery and radiology Freie Universitat BerlinOertzenweg 19b14163 BerlinGermany Clinic for ruminants and Swine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of LeipzigAn den Tierkliniken 1104103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Animal Nutrition Freie Universitat BerlinK?nigin-Luise-Strasse 4914195 BerlinGermany Department of Animal Nutrition Poznan University of Life SciencesWolynska 3360-637 PoznanPoland

Background:The present study aimed at investigating the influence of 90%menthol-containing plant bioactive lipid compounds(PBLC,essential oils)on growth performance,blood haematological and biochemical profile,and nutrient absorption in ***-four growing Suffolk sheep were allotted into three dietary treatments:Control(without PBLC),lower dose of PBLC(PBLC-L;80 mg/d)and higher dose of PBLC(PBLC-H;160 mg/d).Sheep in all groups were fed meadow hay ad libitum plus 600 g/d of concentrate pellets for 28 ***:Average daily gain was not affected by *** of PBLC increased hay and total feed intake per kg body weight(Pre not different among ***,neutrophil count decreased(Pr trend in PBLC-L(Prations of glucose,bilirubin,triglycerides,cholesterol,urea and magnesium in serum were not different among sheep fed different doses of ***,serum calcium concentration tended to increase in PBLC-H(Prum concentrations of aspartate&asparagine(Preased linearly with increasing PBLC *** ruminal epithelia isolated from the rumen after killing,baseline conductance(Gt;Prt-circuit current(Isc;Preased in both PBLC *** uptakes of glucose and methionine in the presence of Na+were not affected by the dietary PBLC *** the absence of Na+,however,glucose and methionine uptakes increased(Prease in PBLC-H(Pre not influenced by PBLC in the presence or absence of Na+.Conclusion:The results suggest that menthol-rich PBLC increase feed intake,and passive ion and nutrient transport,the latter specifically in the *** also increased serum concentrations of urea precursor amino acids and tended to increase serum calcium

关键词： Electrophysiology Essential oil Feed intake Growth performance Nutrient uptakes

Cooling Systems for Borehole Tools

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Journal of Geological resource and Engineering 2013年第1期1卷 55-60页

作者： Benedict Holbein jorg Isele Luigi Spatafora Institute of Applied Computer Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz-1Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Baden-Wiirttemberg 76344 Germany.

Since 2012 the work on a cooling system for borehole probes is going on at the IAI. It is supposed to allow the usage of standard electronics, as a first approach in borehole environments at 5 km depth, with 200℃ and 600 bar. Within ZWErG, the cooling system serves as base to realize different measurement operations without time limitations. Therefore it contains an insulation to reduce outer heat input, an active cooling system to cool down components which are sensitive to heat inside, like electronics, as well as a cooled room where the electronic can be installed. The first approach based on the example borehole in Soultz-sous-f6ret, France （5 km, 200℃） shall initiate further project in this field, with the perspective to conduct measurement operations in even hotter boreholes. Alternative methods of heat management in borehole probes investigated and developed at IAI, are high temperature electronics and PCM-systems.

关键词： Cooling deep geothermal energy borehole tools down-hole monitoring.

ADAM10 sheddase activation is controlled by cell membrane asymmetry

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第11期11卷 979-993页

作者： Florian Bleibaum Anselm Sommer Martin Veit Bjorn rabe jorg Andra Karl Kunzelmann Christian Nehls Wilmar Correa Thomas Gutsmann Joachim Grotzinger Sucharit Bhakdi Karina reiss Department of Dermatology University of Kiel24105 KielGermany Institute of Biochemistry University of KielOlshausenstraBe 4024098 KielGermany Hamburg University of Applied Science Ulmenliet 2021033 HamburgGermany Physiological Institute University of RegensburgUniversitatsstraBe 3193053 RegensburgGermany Forschungszentrum Borstel Leibniz-Zentrum fur Medizin und BiowissenschaftenParkallee 1023845 BorstelGermany

Dysregulation of the disintegrin-metalloproteinase ADAM10 may contribute to the development of diseases including tumorigenesis and Alzheimer's *** mechanisms underlying ADAM10 sheddase activation are incompletely ***,we show that transient exposure of the negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine(PS)is necessarily *** soluble PS headgroup was found to act as competitive inhibitor of substrate *** of the Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblase Anoctamin-6(AN06)led to increased PS externalization and substrate *** with a constitutively active form of AN06 resulted in maximum sheddase activity in the absence of any ***-dependent ADAM10 activation could not be induced in lymphocytes of patients with Scott syndrome harbouring a missense mutation in AN06.A putative PS-binding motif was identified in the conserved stalk *** of this motif resulted in strong reduction of sheddase *** conjunction with the recently described 3D structure of the ADAM10 extracellular domain,a model is advanced to explain how surface-exposed PS triggers ADAM 10 sheddase function.

关键词： ADAM10 activation shedding Anoctamin-6 phosphatidylserine cell membrane asymmetry

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商务德语教程提高篇学生用书

Temperament and character as predictor of health related quality of life after metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasty ——Personality and MCP joint arthroplasty outcome

2011年

作者： jorg Braunert Wolfram Schlenker[]

本书取材于地道的商务环境，注重培养经济跨文化交际的能力，教学内容情景化，使学习者在不同的企业情景中，学到德语国家的经济、商务、国情知识。

ISBN: (纸本)9787040306323

关键词：商务德语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Health 2010年第9期2卷 1101-1109页

作者： Sven Brandstrom Kurt Pettersson jorg richter Department of Neuroscience and Locomotion Division of Psychiatry Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden Department of Hand Surgery Orebro University HospitalOrebroSweden Department of Psychology Center for Child and Adolescent Mental HealthOsloNorway

Purpose: To evaluate personality characteris- tics’ impact upon outcome after silicone-based MP arthroplasty in rA patients. Methods: 40 rA patients who had undergone operations on their MP joints were investigated in a one-year fol- low-up. Objective measurement to assess grip strength and active range of motion—Paper- pencil-tests to assess pain during activity and at rest performance, QoL, and personality. results: Significant improvement was observed in func- tion and pain related scores except for the pain related VAS and in several QoL facets and do- mains. Patients who experienced improvement reported higher scores on the activities of daily living facet of the WHO QoL questionnaire. Those with lower pain showed more independ- ence. The variance of the QoL domain scores, other than social and physical domains, could substantially and meaningfully be explained by variance of objective measures combined with personality scores. Conclusions: Most rA pa- tients’ QoL can be improved by MP arthroplasty despite remaining substantial level of pain. NS and HA seem to play an important role in the adaptation process during the long term, chronic illness;whereas SD represents a tool of coping with the burden of pain and disability. Personal- ity characteristics are highly predictive for QoL suggesting their important mediating role be- tween experienced pain and disability and Hr QoL.

关键词： rheumatoid Arthritis Health related Quality of Life MP Joint Arthroplasty Temperament Character

Detection and characterization of murine colitis and carcinogenesis by molecularly targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第16期23卷 2899-2911页

作者： Markus Brückner Jan Heidemann Tobias M Nowacki Friederike Cordes jorg Stypmann Philipp Lenz Faekah Gohar Andreas Lügering Dominik Bettenworth Department of Medicine B University Hospital of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Gastroenterology Klinikum Bielefeld MitteAcademic Teaching HospitalUniversity of MünsterD-33604 BielefeldGermany Department of Cardiology and Angiology University Hospital of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Palliative Care University Hospital of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Paediatric rheumatology and Immunology University Hospital of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Medical Care Center Portal 10 D-48155 MünsterGermany

AIM To study mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1(MAd CAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-targeted contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) for the assessment of murine colitis and carcinogenesis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were challenged with 3% dextran sodium-sulfate(DSS) for three, six or nine days to study the development of acute colitis. Ultrasound was performed with and without the addition of unspecific contrast agents. MAd CAM-1-targeted contrast agent was used to detect and quantify MAd CAM-1 expression. Inflammatory driven colorectal azoxymethane(AOM)/DSS-induced carcinogenesis was examined on day 42 and 84 using VEGF-targeted contrast agent. Highly specific tissue echogenicity was quantified using specialized software. Sonographic findings were correlated to tissue staining, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to quantify the degree of inflammation and stage of carcinogenesis. rESULTS Native ultrasound detected increased general bowel wall thickening that correlated with more progressed and more severe DSS-colitis(healthy mice: 0.3 mm ± 0.03 vs six days DSS: 0.5 mm ± 0.2 vs nine days DSS: 0.6 mm ± 0.2, P reover, these sonographic findings correlated well with clinical parameters such as weight loss(r2 = 0.74) and histological damage(r2 = 0.86)(P rine colitis, CEUS targeted against MAd CAM-1 detected and differentiated stages of mild, moderate and severe colitis via calculation of mean pixel contrast intensity in decibel(9.6 d B ± 1.6 vs 12.9 d B ± 1.4 vs 18 d B ± 3.33, P rcinogenesis model, tumor development was monitored by CEUS targeted against VEGF and detected a significantly increased echogenicity in tumors as compared to adjacent healthy mucosa(healthy mucosa, 1.6 d B ± 1.4 vs 42 d, 18.2 d B ± 3.3 vs 84 d, 18.6 d B ± 4.9, P rongly correlated with histological analysis and immunohistochemistry findings(VEGF-posi

关键词： Colitis Dextran sodium-sulfate AOMDSS Carcinogenesis Ultrasound Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Vascular endothelial growth factor Mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1

A Seventeen-Year Quantitative Study of Succession in Central European Grassland

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Journal of resources and Ecology 2014年第2期5卷 139-147页

作者：张渊媛 Johanna jorg Carl BEIErKUHNLEIN 薛达元中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院北京100081 拜罗伊特大学生物地理学系德国拜罗伊特95447 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所南京210042

The objective of this paper is to test three main hypotheses in grassland succession by using 17-year observational data：（i） species diversity increases during early pioneering stages; （ii） the similarity rate of experimental plant communities increases along with the succession process （dissimilarity rate among plots decrease with succession age）;and （i i） plant communities in different ifeld plots converge towards a quite similar composition during the initial years of succession. results draw from quantitative statistics which including： the general development of plant communities, Shannon’s H and E, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and community turnover, indicate that after first 5 years of succession, species diversity rapidly becomes alike among all the plots. The average species number in al plots increased constantly from 8 to 25. Meanwhile, the total species number for al plots increased constantly from 23 to 55, accompanied by a steady decrease in Standard Deviation （S.D.） from 4.6 to 0.3. Additional y, dissimilarity of al stands in species composition decreased, indicating a clear trend towards a rapid convergence in species richness and composition. The most important effect of cessation of weeding is that the artiifcial diversity gradient from 1 to 16 species gets diminished by immigration in species poor plots.

关键词： grassland plant communities succession long-term experiment Central Europe

Eosinophilic cholangitis is a potentially underdiagnosed etiology in indeterminate biliary stricture

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第6期23卷 1044-1050页

作者： Dirk Walter Sylvia Hartmann Eva Herrmann Jan Peveling-Oberhag Wolf O Bechstein Stefan Zeuzem Martin-Leo Hansmann Mireen Friedrich-rust jorg G Albert Department of Internal Medicine I Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital Dr.Senckenberg Institute for Pathology Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital Department for Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyRobert-Bosch Hospital Department of General and Visceral Surgery Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital

To investigate presence and extent of eosinophilic cholangitis (EC) as well as IgG4-related disease in patients with indeterminate biliary stricture (IBS).METHODSAll patients with diagnosis of sclerosing cholangitis (SC) and histopathological samples such as biopsies or surgical specimens at University Hospital Frankfurt from 2005-2015 were included. Histopathological diagnoses as well as further clinical course were reviewed. Tissue samples of patients without definite diagnosis after complete diagnostic work-up were reviewed regarding presence of eosinophilic infiltration and IgG4 positive plasma cells. Eosinophilic infiltration was as well assessed in a control group of liver transplant donors and patients with primary sclerosing *** hundred and thirty-five patients with SC were included. In 10/135 (13.5%) patients, no potential cause of IBS could be identified after complete diagnostic work-up and further clinical course. After histopathological review, a post-hoc diagnosis of EC was established in three patients resulting in a prevalence of 2.2% (3/135) of all patients with SC as well as 30% (3/10) of patients, where no cause of IBS was identified. 2/3 patients with post-hoc diagnosis of EC underwent surgical resection with suspicion for malignancy. Diagnosis of IgG4-related cholangitis was observed in 7/135 patients (5.1%), whereas 3 cases were discovered in post-hoc analysis. 6/7 cases with IgG4-related cholangitis (85.7%) presented with eosinophilic infiltration in addition to IgG4 positive plasma cells. There was no patient with eosinophilic infiltration in the control group of liver transplant donors (n = 27) and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 14).CONCLUSIONEC is an underdiagnosed benign etiology of SC and IBS, which has to be considered in differential diagnosis of IBS.

关键词： Indeterminate biliary stricture endoscopy endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography eosinophilic cholangitis bile duct stenosis IgG4-related disease primary sclerosing cholangitis

Objective and Subjective Dental Treatment Needs among Nursing Home residents

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Advances in Aging research 2015年第2期4卷 28-32页

作者： Carolin Mading jorg Klewer robby Dietrich Department of Public Health and Health Care Management University of Applied Sciences ZwickauZwickauGermany AOK PLUS Department of Dental ServicesChemnitzGermany

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze oral, dental and denture hygiene, and the current treatment needs in nursing home residents. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: Nursing homes in Saxony, Germany. Participants and Intervention: Participating dentists recorded the frequency of oral, dental and denture care, dental treatment needs, and the request for treatment in 11,144 nursing home residents by using standardized checklists. results: Mean age of the residents was 82.5 years, and 74.6% were females. For 54.0% of those examined, nursing staff did care for oral, dental, and denture hygiene. 77.5% of the residents performed oral hygiene more frequently than once daily, 19.8% only once a day, and 2.6% performed oral hygiene less frequent. A need for dental treatment was identified in 64.1% of the residents, of which 34.5% were missing dentures, and 29.7% suffered from dental diseases. 58.3% of the residents not requesting treatment had a clinical need for dental therapy. Objective and subjective need for treatment correlated positively (p rsing home staff should be aware of the poor oral hygiene and health care conditions in residents. In addition to regular dental check-ups, nursing home residents should be given advice on dental care. Furthermore, dentists and health insurances should develop an action plan to improve oral health of nursing home residents, and to reduce additional costs due to lack of dental care.

关键词： Oral Health Care Nursing Home residents request for Treatment Dental Treatment Needs