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The contribution of small leaks in a baghouse filter to dust emission in the Pm2.s range-A system approach

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Particuology 2017年第1期15卷 40-52页

作者： Oliver Kurtz jorg meyer Gerhard Kasper Institut for mechanische Verfahrenstechnik und mechanik Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76131 Karlsruhe Germany Freudenberg Filtration Technologies 69465 WeinheimGermany.

The contribution of leakage in a baghouse filter （defined as a short circuit between the upstream and downstream sides of the filter） to the emission of fine particles is quantified in comparison to other dust emission sources, and the influence of key operating variables on overall system response is analyzed. The study was conducted on a well-maintained pilot-scale filter unit （9 bags of 500 g/m^2 calendered polyester needle felt; total surface area 4.2 m^2） operated in Ap-controlled mode over a range of pulsing intensities, with two types of test dust （one free-flowing and the other cohesive） at inlet concentrations of 10 and 30 g/m^3. Leaks included single holes between 0.5 and 4 mm diameter, intentionally placed in either the plenum plate or one of the filter bags, as well as seamlines from bag confectioning. Emissions were sep- arated by source into a transient contribution due to dust penetration through the filter bags after each cleaning pulse, and a continuous contribution from leaks. This separation was based on a novel method of data processing that relies on time-resolved concentration measurements with a specially calibrated optical particle counter. Tiny leaks on the order of 1 mm generated the same emission level as all the bags combined, and dominated continuous emissions. The equivalent leak cross section （leakage = media emission） was about 1 ppm of the total installed filter surface, independent of upstream dust concentra- tion. Leakage through open seamlines amounted to 75% of media emissions in case of free-flowing test dust. Leakage was restricted to aerodynamic diameters less than ~5 μm （roughly the Pm2.s mass frac- tion）. For comparison, time-averaged mass penetration through conventional needle-felt media ranged from about 10^-5 to 10^-6, depending on cohesiveness of the particle material and pulse cleaning intensity, giving emission levels between about 0.02 and 0.2 mg/m^3 at the reference concentration of 10 R/m^2.

关键词： Air filtration Baghouse Pulse-cleaned filters Leaks Pm2.5 Dust emission

Colorful Insights： Advances in Imaging Drive Nove 3reakthroughs in Ca^2＋ Signaling

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molecular Plant 2015年第3期8卷 352-355页

作者： Alex Costa jorg Kudla Dipartimento di Bioacienze Università degli Studi di Milano Via G. Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy Istituto di Biofisica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via G. Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen Universitat Münster Schlossplatz 4 48149 Münster Germany

In plants, Ca^2＋ signals occur in response to both environmental and developmental stimuli. These signals involve increases in [Ca^2＋] in compartments such as the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria, and can display multiple shapes ranging from sin- gle transients to repetitive Ca^2＋ oscillations. Generation and shaping of stimulus specific [Ca^2＋] signatures depends on Ca^2＋ influxes and effluxes occurring at both the plasma membrane （Pm） and membranes of the different subcellular compartments.

关键词： @@

CFD based extraction column design-Chances and challenges

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 259-263页

作者： mark W.Hlawitschka menwer m.Attarakilh Samer S.Alzyod Hans-jorg Bart Chair of Separation Science and Technology POB 3049TU KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany Center for Computational and mathematical modelling(Cm2) TU KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany University of jordan Department of Chemical Engineering11942 AmmanJordan

This paper shows that one-dimensional （I-D） [and three-dimensional （3-D） computational fluid dynamics （CFD）] simulations can replace the state-of-the-art usage of pseudo-homogeneous dispersion or back mixing models. This is based on standardized lab-scale cell experiments for the determination of droplet rise, breakage, coalescence and mass transfer parameters in addition to a limited number of additional mini-plant experiments with original fluids. Alternatively, the hydrodynamic parameters can also be derived using more sophisticated 3- D CFD simulations. Computational 1-D modeling served as a basis to replace pilot-plant experiments in any column geometry. The combination of 3-D CFD simulations with droplet population balance models （DPBm） increased the accuracy of the hydrodynamic simulations and gave information about the local droplet size. The high computational costs can be reduced by open source CFD codes when using a flexible mesh generation. First combined simulations using a three way coupled CFD/DPBm/mass-transfer solver pave the way for a safer design of industrial-sized columns, where no correlations are available.

关键词： CFD DPBm Column design

Assessing the sensitivity of melanoplus frigidus （Orthoptera： Acrididae） to different weather conditions＂ A modeling approach focussing on development times

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 167-178页

作者： Oliver-D. Finch jorg Loffler Roland Pape Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg Fk V Institute of Biology and Environmental-Sciences Terrestrial Ecology D-26111 Oldenburg University of Bonn Department of Geography Meckenheimer AIlee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany

The temperature and soil moisture conditions as well as vegetation patterns were studied to describe the habitat and to model the life cycle of melanoplusfrigidus, a true alpine grasshopper of the Scandes. In the low alpine belt of the Norwegian Scandes the species colonizes only the warmest microhabitats with maximum soil surface temperatures of 31℃. Vegetation of these habitats consists of shrub-rich heath dominated by Vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna vulgaris. Using continuously measured temperature data, the development times for four different seasons were modeled and related to field observations. The maximum delay of adult molt was estimated to amount to 3 weeks, the delay being determined by the variation in spring temperature conditions between different years. The possibilities of using m. frigidus as an indicator organism of climate change effects on alpine zoo-coenoses of the Scandes are discussed.

关键词： alpine insects climate change indicator life history thermal effective environment

Improving the haploidization toolbox:maternal factors take the stage

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molecular Plant 2023年第4期16卷 651-653页

作者： maria Flores-Tornero Helena Sapeta jorg D.Becker Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica Universidade Nova de LisboaAv.daRepublica2780-157OeirasPortugal

Plant breeders have a great interest in obtaining plants that are genetically homogeneous as quickly as possible,with high efficiency and at low *** approaches,including selfing or backcrossing,cannot provide *** technologies,however,offer a solution and are therefore the subject of intensive research,in particular during the last decade.

关键词： breed homogeneous quickly

One-step preparation of a novel graphitic biochar/Cu^(0)/Fe_(3)O_(4) composite using CO_(2)-ambiance pyrolysis to activate peroxydisulfate for dye degradation

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 26-36页

作者： Yangfan Yuan Changai Zhang Chenhao Zhao BingWang Xiaozhi Wang Bin Gao Shengsen Wang jorg Rinklebe College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization Yangzhou 225127China School of Environmental and Natural Resources Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of FloridaGainesville FL32611USA University of Wuppertal School of Architecture and Civil EngineeringInstitute of Foundation EngineeringWaterand Waste-ManagementLaboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-ManagementWuppertal 42285Germany Department of Environment Energy and GeoinformaticsSejong UniversityGuangjin-GuSeoul 05006South Korea

Herein,a one-step co-pyrolysis protocol was adopted for the first time to prepare a novel pyrogenic carbon-Cu^(0)/Fe_(3)O_(4)heteroatoms (FCBC) in CO_(2)ambiance to discern the roles of each component in PDS *** co-pyrolysis,CO_(2)catalyzed formation of reducing gases by biomass which facilitated reductive transformation of Fe^(3+)and Cu^(2+)to Cu^(0)and Fe_(3)O_(4),*** to the analysis,the resulting metal (oxide) catalyzed graphitization of biocharand decomposition of volatile substances resulting in an unprecedented surface area (1240 m^(2)/g).The resulting FCBC showed greater structural defects and less electrical *** experiments indicated that Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation by FCBC (100%) was superior to Fe_(3)O_(4)(50%) and Cu^(0)/Fe_(3)O_(4)(76.4%) in persulfate (PDS) system,which maintained reasonable efficiency (75.6%-63.6%) within three *** reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with RhB degradation was identified by an electron paramagnetic resonance and confirmed by scavenging *** degradation invoked both(sulfate and dominantly hydroxyl) radical and non-radical (singlet oxygen,^(1)O_(2)) *** FCBC,Cu^(0)can continuously react with Fe^(3+)in Fe_(3)O_(4)to generate larger quantities of Fe^(2+),and both Cu^(0)and Fe^(2+)activated PDS to yield sulfate radicals which was quickly converted to hydroxyl ***,Cu^(0)/Cu^(2+)could complex with PDS to form a metastable complex,which particularly contributed to1O_(2)*** cascade reactions by FCBC were reinforced by carbonyl group of biochar and favorable electron transfer *** work highlighted a new approach to prepare a magnetic and environment-benign heterogonous catalyst to remove organic pollutants in water.

关键词： Biochar Singlet oxygen Persulfate Water pollution Waste biomass

First record of stable isotopes(δ^(13)C, δ^(18)O) and element ratios(mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) of middle to Late jurassic belemnites from the Indian Himalayas and their potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions

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journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第3期10卷 416-437页

作者： matthias Alberti Franz T.Fursich Dhirendra K.Pandey Nils Andersen Dieter Garbe-Schonberg Suraj Bhosale Ketan Chaskar jorg m.Habermann State Key Laboratory for mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringCenter for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina GeoZentrum Nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergLoewenichstraße 2891054 ErlangenGermany Department of Geology School of EarthBiological and Environmental ScienceCentral University of South Bihar SH 7Gaya-Panchanpur RoadVillage KarharaPost FatehpurGaya 824236(Bihar)India Department of Earth and Environmental Science KSKV Kachchh UniversityBhujIndia Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielMax-Eyth-Straße 1124118 KielGermany Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielLudewig-Meyn-Straße 1024118 KielGermany

middle to Late jurassic belemnites from the Spiti and Zanskar valleys in the Indian Himalayas were used for stable isotope(δ^(13)C, δ^(18)O) and element(mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) analyses. Although the Himalayan orogeny deformed and altered a large portion of the collected fossils, cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy in combination with analyses of iron and manganese contents allowed the identification of belemnites believed to still retain their original chemical composition. Results indicate a long-term temperature decrease from the middle Callovian–Oxfordian to the Tithonian, which is proposed to have been caused by a concomitant drift of eastern Gondwana into higher palaeolatitudes. Reconstructed absolute temperatures depend on the used equation and assumed δ^(18)O value of seawater, but most likely varied between 17.6 ℃ to 27.6℃ in the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian with average values between 22 ℃ to 24 ℃. This way, temperatures were similar to slightly warmer than today at comparable latitudes. The reconstruction of absolute temperatures for the middle Callovian–Oxfordian was hindered by a larger number of poorly preserved belemnites representing this time interval.

关键词： jurassic Palaeoclimate Water temperature Spiti Zanskar India Tethyan Himalaya Eastern Gondwana

A New β-Estradiol-lnducible Vector Set that Facilitates Easy Construction and Efficient Expression of Transgenes Reveals CBL3-Dependent Cytoplasm to Tonoplast Translocation of CIPK5

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molecular Plant 2013年第6期6卷 1814-1829页

作者： Kathrin Schliicking Kai H. Edel maria m. Drerupa Philipp Koster Christian Eckert Leonie Steinhorst Rainer Waadt Oliver Batistic jorg Kudla Institut for Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen Universit~t MQnster Schlossplatz 4 48149 MQnster Gel'many _ . _ Present address: University of California San Diego Division of Biological Sciences Cell and Developmental Biology Section 9500 Gilman Drive #0116 LaJolla CA 92093-0116 USA

Transient and stable expression of transgenes is central to many investigations in plant biology research. Chemical regulation of expression can circumvent problems of plant lethality caused by constitutive overexpression or allow inducible knock （out/down） approaches. Several chemically inducible or repressible systems have been described and successfully applied. However, cloning and application-specific modification of most available inducible expression systems have been limited and remained complicated due to restricted cloning options. Here we describe a new set of 57 vectors that enable transgene expression in transiently or stably transformed cells. All vectors harbor a synthetically optimized XVE expression cassette, allowing I^-estradiol mediated protein expression. Plasmids are equipped with the reporter genes GUS, GFP, mCherry, or with HA and Strepll epitope tags and harbor an optimized multiple cloning site for flexible and simple clon- ing strategies. moreover, the vector design allows simple substitution of the driving promoter to achieve tissue-specificity or to modulate expression ranges of inducible transgene expression. We report details of the kinetics and dose-dependence of expression induction in Arabidopsis leaf mesophyll protoplasts, transiently transformed Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, and stably transformed Arabidopsis plants. Using these vectors, we investigated the influence of CBL （Calcineurin B-like） protein expression on the subcellular localization of CIPKs （Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinases）. These analyses uncovered that induced co-expression of CBL3 is fully sufficient for dynamic translocation of CIPK5 from the cytoplasm to the tonoplast. Thus, the vector system presented here facilitates a broad range of research applications.

关键词： vector inducible gene expression βestradiol Arabidopsis CBL CIPK.

Effect of toasting grain silages from field peas(Pisum sativum)and field beans(Vicia faba)on in vitro gas production,methane production,and post-ruminal crude protein content

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 342-352页

作者： martin Bachmann Christian Kuhnitzsch Sebastian michel Annabel Thierbach mandy Bochnia jorg m.Greef Siriwan D.martens Olaf Steinhofel Annette Zeyner Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)06120Germany Saxon State Office for Environment Agriculture and GeologyKollitsch04886Germany julius Kühn Institute Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Crop and Soil ScienceBraunschweig38116Germany

Legume grains such as field peas and field beans can be produced on a local level,and may be reliable sources of dietary protein and energy apart from common soybean and rapeseed *** ruminants,protein,starch,and carbohydrates from peas and field beans are fermented in large part before reaching the small *** objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of ensiling and hydro-thermic treatment(i.e.,toasting at 160℃for 30 min)of grains of peas and field beans on the concentrations of post-ruminal crude protein(PRCP)and rumen-undegraded protein(RUP).moreover,24-h gas production and methane production were *** this,an in vitro batch culture system with ruminal fluid from sheep was ***-undegraded protein was determined using the Streptomyces griseus protease *** electron micrographs were used to visualize morphological changes of starch granules and their joint matrices in peas and field beans after ensiling,toasting,or a combination of *** pea grains contained crude protein(CP)at 199 g/kg Dm,PRCP at 155 g/kg Dm at a ruminal passage rate of 0.08/h(Kp8),RUP at 33 g/kg Dm at Kp8,and starch at 530 g/kg *** field beans contained CP at 296 g/kg Dm,PRCP at 212 g/kg Dm at Kp8,RUP at 54 g of/kg Dm at Kp8,and starch at 450 g/kg *** PRCP did not considerably differ among native and treated peas or field *** in the peas,RUP at Kp8 increased after ensiling by 10 g/kg Dm(i.e.,30%;Pmethane production were not affected by any treatment,and scanning electron micrographs did not reveal structural changes on the starches doubtless of any *** seemed to be more affected by treatment with ensiled+toasted peas than with ensiled+toasted field beans,but starches and other carbohydrates from both legumes remained unaffec

关键词： Legume grain silage Toasting In vitro gas production Protein evaluation Streptomyces griseus protease test