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Crop phenotyping in a context of global change:What to measure and how to do it

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 592-618页

作者： Jose Luis Araus Shawn Carlisle Kefauver Omar Vergara-Díaz Adrian Gracia-Romero Fatima Zahra Rezzouk Joel Segarra Maria Luisa Buchaillot Melissa Chang-Espino Thomas Vatter Rut Sanchez-Bragado JoséArmando Fernandez-Gallego Maria Dolores Serret jordi bort Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group Plant Physiology SectionFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain AGROTECNIO Center LleidaSpain Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Lab ITQB NovaPlant Sciences DivisionOeirasPortugal Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de IbaguéIbaguéColombia

High-throughput crop phenotyping,particularly under field conditions,is nowadays perceived as a key factor limiting crop genetic advance.Phenotyping not only facilitates conventional breeding,but it is necessary to fully exploit the capabilities of molecular breeding,and it can be exploited to predict breeding targets for the years ahead at the regional level through more advanced simulation models and decision support systems.In terms of phenotyping,it is necessary to determined which selection traits are relevant in each situation,and which phenotyping tools/methods are available to assess such traits.Remote sensing methodologies are currently the most popular approaches,even when lab-based analyses are still relevant in many circumstances.On top of that,data processing and automation,together with machine learning/deep learning are contributing to the wide range of applications for phenotyping.This review addresses spectral and red-green-blue sensing as the most popular remote sensing approaches,alongside stable isotope composition as an example of a lab-based tool,and root phenotyping,which represents one of the frontiers for field phenotyping.Further,we consider the two most promising forms of aerial platforms(unmanned aerial vehicle and satellites)and some of the emerging data-processing techniques.The review includes three Boxes that examine specific case studies.

关键词： crop phenotyping deep learning models photosynthesis platforms remote sensing roots satellites sensors stable isotopes

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维普期刊数据库

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Contribution of the ear and the flag leaf to grainfilling in durum wheat inferred from the carbon isotope signature: Genotypic and growing conditions effects

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 444-454页

作者： Rut Sanchez-Bragado Abdelhalim Elazab Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolors Serret jordi bort Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz José Luis Araus Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA)

The ear, together with the flag leaf, is believed to play a major role as a source of assimilates during grain filling in C3cereals. However, the intrusive nature of most of the available methodologies prevents reaching conclusive results in this regard. This study compares the carbon isotope composition（d13C） in its natural abundance in the water‐soluble fractions of the flag leaf blade and the ear with the d13C of mature kernels to assess the relative contribution of both organs to grain filling in durum wheat（Triticum turgidum L. var.durum）. The relative contribution of the ear was higher in landraces compared to modern cultivars, as well as in response to nitrogen fertilization and water stress. Such genotypic and environmentally driven differences were associated with changes in harvest index（HI）, with the relative contribution of the ear being negatively associated with HI. In the case of the genotypic differences, the lower relative contribution of the ear in modern cultivars compared with landraces is probably associated with the appearance in the former of a certain amount of source limitation driven by a higher HI. In fact, the relative contribution of the ear was far more responsive to changes in HI in modern cultivars compared with landraces.

关键词： Carbon isotope discrimination ear flag leaf grain filling harvest index photosynthesis

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维普期刊数据库

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Physiological traits contributed to the recent increase in yield potential of winter wheat from Henan Province, China

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 492-504页

作者： Bangwei Zhou álvaro Sanz-Sáez Abdelhalim Elazab Tianmin Shen Rut Sánchez-Bragado jordi bort Maria Dolors Serret José Luis Araus Unit of Plant Physiology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Henan Tianmin Seed Company Lankao County Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

This experiment aims to test the traits responsible for the increase in yield potential of winter wheat released in Henan Province, China. Seven established cultivars released in the last 20 years and three advanced lines were assayed. The results showed that grain yield was positively correlated with harvest index（HI）, kernel number per square meter, and aboveground biomass. In addition, the HI and aboveground biomass showed an increasing trend with the year of release.Therefore, we can conclude that bread wheat breeding advances during recent decades in Henan Province, China,have been achieved through an increase in HI, kernel number per square meter, and aboveground biomass. A higher d13C seems also to be involved in these advances, which suggests a progressive improvement in constitutive water use efficiency not associated with a trend towards lower stomatal conductance in the most recent genotypes. However, genetic advance Researchdoes not appear related to changes in photosynthesis rates on area basis when measured in the flag leaf or the spike,but only to a higher, whole‐spike photosynthesis. Results also indirectly support the concept that under potential yield conditions, the spike contributed more than the flag leaf to kernel formation.

关键词： Carbon isotopes grain yield net carbon exchange nitrogen content yield potential

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维普期刊数据库

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Wheat ear carbon assimilation and nitrogen remobilization contribute significantly to grain yield

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第11期58卷 914-926页

作者： Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolores Serret Abdelhalim Elazab jordi bort Pie José Luis Araus Iker Aranjuelo álvaro Sanz-Sáez Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationInstitute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal University Unit of Plant Physiology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Barcelona Agrobiotechnology Institute Public University of Navarra-CSIC-Navarra GovernmentArrosadia Campus Department of Plant Biology University of the Basque Country Pharmacy Faculty

The role of wheat ears as a source of nitrogen （N） and carbon （C） in the grain filling process has barely been studied. To resolve this question, five wheat genotypes were labeled with 15N-enriched nutrient solution. N remobilization and absorption were estimated via the nitrogen isotope composition of total organic matter and Rubisco. Gas exchange analyses showed that ear photosynthesis contributed substantially to grain filling in spite of the great loss of C due to respiration. Of the total kernel N, 64.7% was derived from the N acquired between sowing and anthesis, while the remaining 35.3% was derived from the N acquired between anthesis and maturity. In addition, 1.87 times more N was remobilized to the developing kernel from the ear than from the flag leaf. The higher yielding genotypes showed an increased N remobflization to the kernel compared to the lower yielding genotypes. In addition, the higher yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the ears to the kernel than the lower yielding genotypes, while the lower yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the flag leaf to the kernel. Therefore, the ears contribute significantly toward fulfilling C and N demands during grain filling.

关键词： Carbon accumulation ear grain yield nitrogenaccumulation Rubisco

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维普期刊数据库

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Integrated Approaches to Wheat Improvement in Drought-Stressed Environments

Integrated Approaches to Wheat Improvement in Drought-Stress...

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2009整合植物生物学研讨会

作者： Martin Parry Huw Jones Pippa Madgwick Dimah Habash Marcela Baudo Richard Whalley Roberto Tuberosa jordi bort Walid Hamada Gustavo Slafer Adnan AI-Yassin Hassan Ouabbou M Labihili M Natchit Andy Phillips Rothamsted Research University of Bologna University of Barcelona

Water is essential to sustaining human and environmental health but is becoming scarce in many countries.The availability of water is a major determinant of world-wide crop yield. Wheat is the most widely grown crop b...

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