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A Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Framework for Sorghum Head Detection and Counting

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 1-14页

作者： Sambuddha Ghosa bangyou Zheng Scott Chapman Andries b.Potgieter David R.jordan Xuemin Wang Asheesh K.Singh Arti Singh Masayuki Hirafuji Seishi Ninomiya baskar Ganapathysubramanian Soumik Sarkar Wei Guo Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Computer Science Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA CSIRO Agriculture and Food St.LuciaQLDAustralia School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation(QAAFI) The University of QueenslandGattonQLDAustralia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation(QAAFI) The University of QueenslandWarwickQLDAustralia Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA International Field Phenomics Research Laboratory Institute for Sustainable Agro-Ecosystem Services

The yield of cereal crops such as sorghum(Sorghum bicolor ***)depends on the distribution of crop-heads in varying branching ***,counting the head number per unit area is critical for plant breeders to correlate with the genotypic variation in a specific breeding ***,measuring such phenotypic traitsmanually is an extremely labor-intensive process and suffers from low efficiency and human ***,the process is almost infeasible for large-scale breeding plantations or *** learning-based approaches like deep convolutional neural network(CNN)based object detectors are promising tools for efficient object detection and ***,a significant limitation of such deep learningbased approaches is that they typically require a massive amount of hand-labeled images for training,which is still a tedious ***,we propose an active learning inspired weakly supervised deep learning framework for sorghum head detection and counting from UAV-based *** demonstrate that it is possible to significantly reduce human labeling effort without compromising final model performance(R^(2)between human count and machine count is 0.88)by using a semitrained CNN model(i.e.,trained with limited labeled data)to perform synthetic *** addition,we also visualize key features that the network *** improves trustworthiness by enabling users to better understand and trust the decisions that the trained deep learning model makes.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Nutrient Evaluation of Dining Center Food Waste and Comparison to Monogastric and Ruminant Feedstuffs

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 323-335页

作者： Nelsa M. beckman Phillip A. Lancaster Haley K. Otott Rachel N. Kort Katherine M. Krauss Melissa A. Schrader jordan T. Gebhardt Charles R. Stark Chad b. Paulk Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Clinical Sciences Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Housing and Dining Kansas State University Manhattan USA Department of Diagnostic Medicine Pathobiology Kansas State University Manhattan USA

The objective of this study was to analyze the nutrient composition and variability of university dining hall food waste and compare it with common feedstuffs used in ruminant and monogastric diets. Food waste was categorized into two initial streams: mainstream (MS) from the serving line and vegetable preparation (VP) from the kitchen. Waste was collected from the Kramer Dining Center, Kansas State University, resulting in 30 daily samples. Waste was weighed and ground to homogenous particle size. Daily samples of MS and VP were analyzed for nutrient composition, where results were combined to calculate the nutrient profile of a hypothetical mixed food waste stream (MX) composited by total weight. Data were analyzed using R statistical software (v 4.2.2). Moisture and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were greater in VP (P , while ether extract (EE) was less compared to MS and MX. Crude protein (CP) was greater (P ble nutrients (TDN) and energy were greater in MS food waste than in MX, which was also greater than VP (P content, measured by standard deviation, was similar (P > 0.05) among streams for NDF, nitrogen-corrected neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, CP, ash, lignin, and digestible and metabolizable energy. Dry matter and EE variation were greater (P ble crude protein, TDN, and gross energy when compared to VP. Despite having 70% - 80% moisture, dining hall food waste does have nutritive value and the potential to be included in ruminant and monogastric diets. Further research needs to be done to understand the value of including it in animal diets.

关键词： Food Waste Feedstuffs Monogastric Ruminant Nutrient Variability

Laparoscopic vs. Robotic Approach to Partial Colon Resection

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Surgical Science 2017年第8期8卷 348-357页

作者： jordan L. White Francis A. buzad Herschel b. Patel College Station Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Bryan USA General Surgery Department North Austin Medical Center Austin USA

We retrospectively collected data on 130 minimally invasive colon resection cases performed by the same surgeon from April 2005 to February 2017, of which 35 were completed laparoscopically and 95 were completed robotically. The first 30 robotic cases were allocated to a Training group to account for the learning needed to stabilize operative ability. The 35 laparoscopic cases and 65 of the 95 robotic cases, starting with the 31st case, were compared. Robotic partial colon resection was significantly more capable than the laparoscopic approach in limiting blood loss (p botic cases also had overall shorter hospital stay (p botic approaches had similar rates of several aspects of morbidity and mortality. The robotic approach to partial colon resection is a technically capable modality of operation intraoperatively, as shown by increased lymph node harvest and less blood loss, and may provide some benefits to patients postoperatively, evidenced by shorter hospital stays, and potentially an oncologic benefit by obtaining higher lymph node harvest in cancer cases. Another benefit of the implementation of a robotic approach is the increased number of patients that are eligible for and ultimately undergo a safe and successful minimally invasive surgery as compared to a more traditional surgical approach.

关键词： Robot Da Vinci Laparoscopic Hemicolectomy Colon Resection Short-Term Outcomes

Testing of Lightning Protective System of a Residential Structure： Comparison of Data Obtained in Rocket-triggered Lightning and Current Surge Generator Experiments

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高电压技术 2008年第12期34卷 2575-2582页

作者： G. Maslowski V.A. Rakov S. Wyderka J. bajorek b.A. DeCarlo J. Jerauld G.H. Schnetzer J. Schoene M.A. Uman K.J. Rambo D.M. jordan W. Krata Rzeszow University of Technology Rzeszow 35-959 Poland University of Florida Gainesville 32611 USA

We present a comparison of data obtained during testing of lightning protective system of a residential structure in rocket-triggered lightning experiment at the International Center for Lightning Research and Testing(ICLRT)at Camp blanding,Florida,and current surge generator experiment at Rzeszow University of Technology in *** different configurations of LPS were tested in Poland with the dc grounding resistances of the entire system 4.09 Ω(LPS 1a),1.65 Ω(LPS 1b),and 2.88 Ω(LPS 2).For LPS 1a with three ground rods the value of the peak current entering the electrical circuit neutral was about 56% of the injected current peak,and for LPS 1b with two additional ground rods and two 5 m long buried horizontal conductors it was about 16%.For LPS 2 with five ground rods interconnected by a buried loop conductor this ratio was 21%.The current waveshapes in the ground rods differed from the injected current waveshapes and the current waveshapes in other parts of the test system,especially,for poorer-grounding LPS *** surge-generator results are consistent with those of triggered-lightning experiments at Camp blanding,Florida(DeCarlo et al.,2008 [2]).

关键词：居民区雷电保护系统试验电流冲击发生器

Insight on the Ultrastructure, Physicochemical, Thermal Characteristics and Applications of Palm Kernel Shells

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第10期9卷 790-811页

作者： Richard Ntenga Etienne Mfoumou Alexis béakou Martin Tango jordan Kamga Ali Ahmed Laboratoire de Mécanique et Productique (LMP) UFD SI Université de Douala Douala Cameroun Laboratoire d’Analyse Simulations et Essais (LASE) IUT Université de Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroun Applied Research & Innovation Nova Scotia Community College Dartmouth Canada Institut Pascal UMR 6602-UCA-CNRS-SIGMA Clermont-Ferrand France Ivan Curry School of Engineering Acadia University Wolfville Canada

The ultrastructure and physicochemical and thermal properties of Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) in comparison with Coconut Kernel Shells (CKS) were investigated herein. Powder samples were prepared and characterized using Surface Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Chemical and elemental constituents, as well as thermal performance were assessed by Van Soest Method, TEM/EDXA and SEM/EDS techniques. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) were also performed for thermal characterization. SEM/EDS and TEM/EDXA revealed that most of the PKS and CKS materials are composed of particles with irregular morphology;these are mainly amorphous phases of carbon/oxygen with small amounts of K, Ca and Mg. The DSC data permitted to derive the materials’ thermal transition phases and the relevant characteristic temperatures and physical properties. Thermal Transition phases of PKS observed herein are consistent with the chemical composition obtained and are similar to those of CKS. Nonetheless, TGA/DTG showed that the combustion characteristics of PKS are higher than those of CKS. Taken together, our results reveal that PKS have nanopores and can be efficiently used for 3D printing and membrane filtration applications. Moreover, the chemical constituents found in PKS samples are in agreement with those reported in the literature for material structural applications and thus, present potential use of PKS in these applications.

关键词： biomass Materials Palm Kernel Shell SEM & TEM Ultrastructure Thermal Properties Physico-Chemical Properties

The role of gap junctions in cell death and neuromodulation in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1911-1920页

作者： Gergely Szarka Marton balogh Adam J.Tengolics Alma Ganczer bela Volgyi Tamas Kovacs-Oller Janos Szentagothai Research Centre University of PecsPecsHungary Retinal Electrical Synapses Research Group National Brain Research Program(NAP 2.0)Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology University of PecsPecsHungary Medical School University of PecsPecsHungary

Vision altering diseases,such as glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,myopia,retinal vascular disease,traumatic brain injuries and others cripple many lives and are projected to continue to cause anguish in the foreseeable *** junctions serve as an emerging target for neuromodulation and possible regeneration as they directly connect healthy and/or diseased cells,thereby playing a crucial role in *** they are permeable for macromolecules,able to cross the cellular barriers,they show duality in illness as a cause and as a therapeutic *** this review,we take recent advancements in gap junction neuromodulation(pharmacological blockade,gene therapy,electrical and light stimulation)into account,to show the gap junction’s role in neuronal cell death and the possible routes of rescuing neuronal and glial cells in the retina succeeding illness or injury.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration bystander effect connexin diabetic retinopathy gap junction glaucoma neuromodulation retina retinal disease vision

Iridoid glycosides from fruits reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 357-366页

作者： Susan R.Whitehead jordan Tiramani M.Deane bowers Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Museum of Natural History University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Aims Ripe,fleshy fruits generally function as rewards to attract mutualistic seed dispersers,but many fruits also contain high concentrations of toxic secondary *** compounds may serve a variety of adaptive roles in seed dispersal or as a defense against non-dispersing seed predators or *** tested the effects of iridoid glycosides from fruits of a hybrid bush honeysuckle,Lonicera×bella,on the growth of two pathogenic fungal strains associated with fruit rot,Alternaria tenuissima and Aspergillus *** Fungi were isolated from field-collected L.×bella fruits and identified using molecular *** growth rates were assessed in vitro in the presence of varying concentrations of pure loganin,one of the most abundant iridoid glycosides in fruits,as well as fruit extracts containing a mix of at least seven different iridoid *** FindingsLoganin had strong dose-dependent negative effects on the growth of both *** from fruits had no effect on Aspergillus but a strong antifungal effect on Alternaria that increased with fruit *** iridoid glycoside concentrations in extracts were not good predictors of variation in fungal growth,but several individual compounds had significant negative *** iridoid glycosides have primarily been studied as antiherbivore defenses in leaves,these results indicate that they can also function to reduce the growth of fungi associated with fruit rot.

关键词： Caprifoliaceae fruit rot fruit secondary metabolites generalized defense Lonicera plant-pathogen interactions

Predicting post-operative pancreatic fistula:one size may not fit all

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 113-115页

作者： Mariam F.Eskander jordan M.Cloyd Department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Post-operative pancreatic fistula(POPF)is a common and dangerous complication of pancreatic resection,occurring in 5-30%of *** is a significant source of morbidity and mortality,leading to prolonged hospital stays and increased healthcare costs(1).The most widely accepted definition of POPF comes from the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula(ISGPF).Initially created in 2005,this classification system for POPF was revised in 2016 such that POPF should be associated with a clinically relevant change in status,deeming what was originally defined as a Grade A fistula as a biochemical leak and grade b and C fistulas as clinically relevant(CR)fistulae(Table 1)(2).

关键词： fistula operative mortality

CXCR5^(+)PD-1^(++)CD4^(+)T cells colonize infant intestines early in life and promote b cell maturation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第2期20卷 201-213页

作者： Ana jordan-Paiz Glòria Martrus Fenja L.Steinert Max Kaufmann Adrian F.Sagebiel Renée R.C.E.Schreurs Anne Rechtien Martin E.baumdick Johannes M.Jung Kimberly J.Möller Lucy Wegner Cordula Grüttner Laura Richert Roland Thünauer Jennifer Schroeder-Schwarz Johannes bvan Goudoever Teunis b.H.Geijtenbeek Marcus Altfeld Steven T.Pals Daniel Perez Paul L.Klarenbeek Christian Tomuschat Guido Sauter Ingo Königs Udo Schumacher Manuel A.Friese Nathaniel Melling Konrad Reinshagen Madeleine J.bunders Department of Virus Immunology Leibniz Institute of VirologyHamburg20251Germany University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg20246Germany Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center for Molecular Neurobiology HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20251Germany Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam Infection&Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands I.Department of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-borstel-Riems German Center for Infection Research(DZIF)Hamburg20246Germany University of bordeaux Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleBordeaux Population Health Research Center UMR1219 and INRIA SISTM TeamBordeaux33000France Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Pathology Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and Department of Experimental Immunology Amsterdam Infection&Immunity InstituteAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1007 MBThe Netherlands Amsterdam Rheumatology&Immunology Center Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam1105 AZThe Netherlands Department of Pediatric Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Institute of Pathology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg20246Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery Altona Children’s HospitalHamburg22763Germany III.Department of Medicine University M

Gastrointestinal infections are a major cause for serious clinical complications in *** induction of antibody responses by b cells is critical for protective immunity against infections and requires CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells(TFH cells).We investigated the ontogeny of CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells in human *** CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells were absent in fetal intestines,CXCR5+PD-1++CD4+T cells increased after birth and were abundant in infant intestines,resulting in significant higher numbers compared to *** findings were supported by scRNAseq analyses,showing increased frequencies of CD4+T cells with a TFH gene signature in infant intestines compared to ***-cultures of autologous infant intestinal CXCR5+PD-1+/−CD4+T cells with b cells further demonstrated that infant intestinal TFH cells were able to effectively promote class switching and antibody production by b *** together,we demonstrate that functional TFH cells are numerous in infant intestines,making them a promising target for oral pediatric vaccine strategies.

关键词： TFH cells b cells Antibodies Intestine Pediatrics