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Copper telluride with manipulated carrier concentrations for high-performance solid-state thermoelectrics

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第34期129卷 190-195页

作者： Hyun Ju Dabin Park Minsu kim jooheon kim G.W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA School of Chemical Engineering&Materials Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Intelligent Energy and Industry Graduate SchoolChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Advance Materials Engineering Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong 17546Republic of Korea

This study proposed a strategy for effectively diminishing the carrier concentration in Cu_(2)Te by introducing graphene sheets,Based on thermoelectric property measurements and single parabolic band modeling,the incorporated graphene effectively reduced the carrier concentration,not only enhancing the thermoelectric performance of the Cu_(2)Te/graphene composite but also substantially improving its figure of merit up to ~1.47 at 1000 K,which is 268% higher than that of pristine Cu_(2)Te,This study gives an insight into the control of carrier concentration and thermoelectric properties in Cu_(2)Te,and it could be extended to other copper chalcogenides for excellent thermoelectrics.

关键词： Thermoelectric Copper telluride Graphene Carrier concentration Single parabolic band model

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Controllable active sites and facile synthesis of cobalt nanoparticle embedded in nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第11期28卷 60-67页

作者： Taeseob Oh Kwanwoo kim jooheon kim School of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science Chung-Ang University

Development of efficient and promising bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolutionreactions is desirable. Herein, cobalt nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbonnanotubes(Co@NSCNT) were prepared by a facile pyrolytic treatment. The cobalt nanoparticles and co-doping of nitrogen and sulfur can improve the electron donor-acceptor characteristics of the carbon nan-otubes and provide more active sites for catalytic oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. The preparedCo@NSCNT, annealed at 900℃, showed excellent electrocatalytic performance and better durability thancommercial platinum catalysts. Additionally, Co@NSCNT-900 catalysts exhibited comparable onset poten-tials and Tafel slopes to ruthenium oxide. Overall, Co@NSCNT showed high activity and improved dura-bility for both oxygen evolution and reduction reactions.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Nonprecious metal catalyst Nitrogen and sulfur co-doping Encapsulated structure

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An Assessment of the Social, Cultural, and Economical Barriers to Option B+Retention and Their Solutions in Malawi: A Review

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World Journal of AIDS 2021年第1期11卷 15-24页

作者： Jamie Yoon David S. Chung Michelle kim Kunmin kim Sang Heon Lee Tae Youn kim Hark Joon Lee Seog In Moon jooheon Park Paul S. Chung Thomas Nyirenda School of Medical Boston University Boston USA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg USA School of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville USA Youth with Talents Fairfax USA Department of Art & Science Biology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Clinical Research Education and Management Service Lilongwe Malawi

Malawi has one of the highest rates of HIV prevalence in the world, and accounts for 4% of the total number of people living in sub-Saharan Africa with HIV. Approximately one million people in Malawi were living with HIV in 2016, with 24,000 HIV-related deaths. The Option B+ program, first implemented in Malawi, aimed to initiate ART for all pregnant women, regardless of their CD4 cell count or disease stage. This study serves to analyze and assess the effectiveness of Option B+ retention, in relation to the facilitation of how various social and cultural barriers were handled. A literature review of 29 publications was conducted. Careful evaluation of various studies indicates that although there is a myriad of reasons explaining low levels of retention, the women who were at the highest risk for low retention were young pregnant women who were treated on the same day of HIV-diagnosis. Solutions focused around women and their partners or communities showed promising evidence of success in increasing adherence, as these strategies likely provided women reliable social and emotional support to address major barriers to retention such as a lack of support from male partners, ineffective education from healthcare workers, or stigma towards their HIV disclosure statue.

关键词： HIV Option B+ Malawi Retention CHTC PMTCT

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Development of a Consolidated Anaerobic Digester and Microbial Fuel Cell to Produce Biomethane and Electricity from Cellulosic Biomass Using Bovine Rumen Microorganisms

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2019年第2期9卷 17-28页

作者： Rebecca Chung Eunice Yujin Kang Yun Jae Shin Justin Jong Park Peter Sang Park Chang Hyun Han Byungjun kim Seog In Moon jooheon Park Paul Sung Chung Centreville High School Clifton VA USA West Springfield High School Springfield VA USA Department of Biological Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Biology College of Arts & Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Biological Science Mellon College of Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Biology Amherst College Amherst MA USA Biology Science Program University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Fuzbien Technology Institute (FTI) Rockville USA

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bioelectrochemical systems that convert chemical energy contained in organic matter into electrical energy by using the catalytic (metabolic) activity of living microorganisms. Mediator-less two chamber H-type MFCs were constructed in the current study, using dairy digester microbial population as anode inocula to convert finely ground pine tree (Avicel) at 2% (w/v) to electricity. MFCs were placed at 37°C and after the circuit voltage was stabilized on d9, bovine rumen microorganisms cultured anaerobically for 48 hrs in cellulose broth media were added to treatment group of MFC at 1% v/v dosage. MFC power and current across an external resistor were measured daily for 10 d. At the end of incubation on d19 head space gas and anode chamber liquid solutions were collected and analyzed for total gas volume and composition, and volatile fatty acids, respectively. Addition of enriched rumen microorganisms to anaerobic anode chamber increased cellulose digestibility and increased both CO2 and methane production;however, it decreased the methane to CO2 ratio. Over the experimental period, electricity generation was increased with rumen microorganism addition, and power density normalized to anode surface area was 17.6 to 67.2 mW/m2 with average of 36.0 mW/m2 in treatment, while control group had 3.6 to 21.6 (AVE 12.0) mW/m2. These observations imply that biocatalysis in MFCs requires additional cellulolytic activities to utilize structural biomass in bioenergy production.

关键词： Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) Bovine Rumen Bacteria Bioenergy

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