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3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases

Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 576-594页

作者： Kyeong Seob Hwang Eun U Seo Nakwon Choi jongbaeg kim Hong Nam kim Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems by inducing organ-specific symptoms or systemic multi-organ damage.Depending on the infection route and virus type,infectious diseases are classified as respiratory,nervous,immune,digestive,or skin infections.Since these infectious diseases can widely spread in the com-munity and their catastrophic effects are severe,identification of their causative agent and mechanisms un-derlying their pathogenesis is an urgent necessity.Although infection-associated mechanisms have been studied in two-dimensional(2D)cell culture models and animal models,they have shown limitations in organ-specific or human-associated pathogenesis,and the development of a human-organ-mimetic system is required.Recently,three-dimensional(3D)engineered tissue models,which can present human organ-like physiology in terms of the 3D structure,utilization of human-originated cells,recapitulation of physiological stimuli,and tight cell–cell interactions,were developed.Furthermore,recent studies have shown that these models can recapitulate infection-associated pathologies.In this review,we summarized the recent advances in 3D engineered tissue models that mimic organ-specific viral infections.First,we briefly described the limitations of the current 2D and animal models in recapitulating human-specific viral infection pathology.Next,we provided an overview of recently reported viral infection models,focusing particularly on organ-specific infection pathologies.Finally,a future perspective that must be pursued to reconstitute more human-specific infectious diseases is presented.

关键词： 3D engineered tissue model Infectious viral disease Infection route Pathology In vivo-mimicking

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Mechanically resilient,alumina-reinforced carbon nanotube arrays for in-plane shock absorption in micromechanical devices

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微系统与纳米工程(英文) 2023年第3期9卷 73-81页

作者： Eunhwan Jo Hojoon Lee Jae-Ik Lee jongbaeg kim School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School25 Shattuck StBostonMA 02115USA

Microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)are of considerable interest due to their compact size and low power consumption when used in modern electronics.MEMS devices intrinsically incorporate three-dimensional(3D)microstructures for their intended operations;however,these microstructures are easily broken by mechanical shocks accompanying high-magnitude transient acceleration,inducing device malfunction.Although various structural designs and materials have been proposed to overcome this limit,developing a shock absorber for easy integration into existing MEMS structures that effectively dissipates impact energy remains challenging.Here,a vertically aligned 3D nanocomposite based on ceramic-reinforced carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays is presented for in-plane shock-absorbing and energy dissipation around MEMS devices.This geometrically aligned composite consists of regionally-selective integrated CNT arrays and a subsequent atomically thick alumina layer coating,which serve as structural and reinforcing materials,respectively.The nanocomposite is integrated with the microstructure through a batch-fabrication process and remarkably improves the in-plane shock reliability of a designed movable structure over a wide acceleration range(0-12,000g).In addition,the enhanced shock reliability through the nanocomposite was experimentally verified through comparison with various control devices.

关键词： shock plane arrays

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Formation of sub-100-nm suspended nanowires with various materials using thermally adjusted electrospun nanofibers as templates

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第1期9卷 263-270页

作者： Yongkeun Oh Dae-Sung Kwon Eunhwan Jo Yunsung Kang Sangjun Sim jongbaeg kim School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea

The air suspension and location specification properties of nanowires are crucial factors for optimizing nanowires in electronic devices and suppressing undesirable interactions with substrates.Although various strategies have been proposed to fabricate suspended nanowires,placing a nanowire in desired microstructures without material constraints or high-temperature processes remains a challenge.In this study,suspended nanowires were formed using a thermally aggregated electrospun polymer as a template.An elaborately designed microstructure enables an electrospun fiber template to be formed at the desired location during thermal treatment.Moreover,the desired thickness of the nanowires is easily controlled with the electrospun fiber templates,resulting in the parallel formation of suspended nanowires that are less than 100 nm thick.Furthermore,this approach facilitates the formation of suspended nanowires with various materials.This is accomplished by evaporating various materials onto the electrospun fiber template and by removing the template.Palladium,copper,tungsten oxide(WO3),and tin oxide nanowires are formed as examples to demonstrate the advantage of this approach in terms of nanowire material selection.Hydrogen(H2)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)gas sensors comprising palladium and tungsten oxide,respectively,are demonstrated as exemplary devices of the proposed method.

关键词： nanowires template fibers

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