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Effect of characteristics and distribution of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates on tensile and bending properties of high-Al-containing Mg alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 779-793页

作者： Sumi Jo Gyo Myeong Lee jong Un Lee young Min kim Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Magnesium Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

This study investigates the effect of characteristics and distribution of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates on the uniaxial tensile and three-point bending properties of extruded Mg alloys containing high Al *** extruded Mg–9Al–1Zn–0.3Mn(AZ91)alloy contains lamellar-structured Mg_(17)Al_(12)discontinuous precipitates along the grain boundaries,which are formed via static precipitation during natural air *** extruded Mg–11Al–1Zn–0.3Mn(AZ111)alloy contains spherical Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates at the grain boundaries and inside the grains,which are formed via dynamic precipitation during *** to inhomogeneous distribution of precipitates,the AZ111 alloy consists of two different precipitate regions:precipitate-rich region with numerous precipitates and finer grains and precipitate-scarce region with a few precipitates and coarser *** AZ111 alloy exhibits a higher tensile strength than the AZ91 alloy because its smaller grain size and more abundant precipitates result in stronger grain-boundary hardening and precipitation hardening effects,***,the tensile elongation of the AZ111 alloy is lower than that of the AZ91 alloy because the weak cohesion between the dynamic precipitates and the matrix facilitates the crack initiation and *** bending,a macrocrack initiates on the outer surface of bending specimen in both *** AZ111 alloy exhibits higher bending yield strength and lower failure bending strain than the AZ91 *** bending specimens of the AZ91 alloy have similar bending formability,whereas those of the AZ111 alloy exhibit considerable differences in bending formability and crack propagation behavior,depending on the distribution and number density of precipitates in the *** bending specimens of the AZ111 alloy,it is found that the failure bending strain(ε_(f,bending))is inversely proportional to the area fraction of precipitates in the outer zone of bending specimen(A_(ppt)),with a relation

关键词： Mg–Al alloy Extrusion Bending Precipitation Microstructure

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Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (SEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： jong Un Lee Hyun Ji kim Sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin kim young Min kim Bong Sun You Jun Ho Bae Sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(SEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials *** alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(each<1 wt%)into commercial Mg–Al based alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical *** main advantages of SEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of SEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in SEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening *** enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of SEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)Simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged SEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the SEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in ***,the studies conducted on SEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： SEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

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Methane Emission from Rice Fields:Necessity for Molecular Approach for Mitigation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 159-178页

作者： Sujeevan RAJENDRAN Hyeonseo PARK Jiyoung kim Soon Ju PARK Dongjin SHIN jong-Hee LEE young Hun SONG Nam-Chon PAEK Chul Min kim Department of Horticulture Industry Wonkwang UniversityIksan 54538Korea Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea Department of Southern Area Crop Science National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang 50424Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anthropogenic methane emissions are a leading cause of the increase in global averagetemperatures,often referred to as global *** soils play a significant role in methaneproduction,where the anaerobic conditions promote the production of methane by *** fields contribute a considerable portion of agricultural methane emissions,as riceplants provide both factors that enhance and limit methane *** plants harbor both methaneproducingand methane-oxidizing *** from rice roots provide source for methaneproduction,while oxygen delivered from the root aerenchyma enhances methane *** haveshown that the diversity of these microorganisms depends on rice cultivars with some genes characterizedas harboring specific groups of microorganisms related to methane ***,there is still aneed for research to determine the balance between methane production and oxidation,as rice plantspossess the ability to regulate net methane *** agronomical practices,such as fertilizerand water management,have been employed to mitigate methane ***,studiescorrelating agronomic and chemical management of methane with productivity are ***,evidences for breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties are scattered largely due to the absence ofcoordinated breeding *** has indicated that phenotypic characteristics,such as rootbiomass,shoot architecture,and aerenchyma,are highly correlated with methane *** reviewdiscusses available studies that involve the correlation between plant characteristics and *** emphasizes the necessity and importance of breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties inaddition to existing agronomic,biological,and chemical *** review also delves into the idealphenotypic and physiological characteristics of low-methane-emitting rice and potential breeding techniques,drawing from studies conducted

关键词： methane emission rice breeding aerenchyma greenhouse gas radial oxygen loss

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Integration of earth-abundant cocatalysts for high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 336-355,I0008页

作者： Joonhee Ma Sang Hyun Ahn Soo young kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)energy conversion has emerged as a promising and efficient approach to sustainable energy harvesting and *** utilizing semiconductor photoelectrodes,PEC devices can harness solar energy and drive electrochemical reactions such as water splitting or carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction to generate clean fuels and value-added ***,PEC energy conversion faces several challenges such as high overpotential,sluggish reaction kinetics,charge carrier recombination,and stability issues,which limit its practical ***,significant research has been conducted to improve the overall conversion efficiency of PEC *** particularly promising approach is the use of cocatalysts,which involves introducing specific cocatalysts onto the photoelectrode surface to promote charge separation,improve reaction kinetics,and reduce the overpotential,thereby enhancing the overall performance of PEC energy *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the earth-abundant cocatalysts for PEC water splitting and CO_(2) *** main earth-abundant catalysts for the PEC water splitting include transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based materials,metal phosphides/carbides,and metal oxides/***,PEC-CO_(2)RR was divided into C_(1) and C_(2+)based on the final product since various products could be produced,focusing on diverse earth-abundant materials-based *** addition,we provide and highlight key advancements achieved in the very recent reports on novel PEC system design engineering with ***,the current problems associated with PEC systems are discussed along with a suggested direction to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Solar energy Photo-electrochemical Water splitting CO_(2)reduction Cocatalysts

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Transparent high-performance piezoceramics through pressureless sintering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 561-567页

作者： Hye-Lim Yu Woo-Seok Kang Ju-Hyeon Lee Temesgen Tadeyos Zate young-Jin Lee Bo-Kun Koo Dong-Jin Shin Min-Soo kim Soon-jong Jeong young Ghyu Ahn Wook Jo Department of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Energy Conversion Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research InstituteChangwon 51543Republic of Korea MLCC Development Team Component Biz.UnitSamsung Electro-Mechanics Co.Ltd.Suwon 16674Republic of Korea

Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer *** has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical ***,despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity,numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric ***,the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering,limiting its industrial ***,we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline *** this study,we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–0.29PbTiO_(3)(PMN–0.29PT)*** utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing,our Pb_(0.913)La_(0.0145)Sm_(0.0145)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.71)Ti_(0.29)O_(3)(TP2.9)ceramics exhibited over 60%transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 1104 pC/*** material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics transparency pressureless sintering co-doping tape casting

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Hydrangea serrata extract exerts tumor inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells via inducing p27/CDK2-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第2期14卷 65-72,I0002-I0005页

作者： Ye-eun kim Jeonghye Hwang Ki-young kim Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee UniversitySeocheonGiheungYonginGyeonggi-do 446-701Republic of Korea Department of Genetics and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesKyung Hee UniversitySeocheonGiheungYonginGyeonggi-do 446-701Republic of Korea

Objective:To examine the inhibitory effect of Hydrangea serrata extract against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its underlying ***:The effects of Hydrangea serrata extract on growth inhibition of tumor cells and spheroids were assessed using MTT and 3D culture *** real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were employed to investigate the changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of molecules related to cell cycle and ***:Hydrangea serrata extract effectively inhibited the growth of both tumor cells and *** extract also significantly upregulated p27 mRNA expression and downregulated CDK2 mRNA expression,leading to cell cycle ***,increased BAX/Bcl-2 ratio as well as caspase-9 and-3 were observed after treatment with Hydrangea serrata extract,indicating the induction of tumor cell ***:Hydrangea serrata extract has the potential to alleviate tumors by effectively modulating cell-cycle-related gene expressions and inducing apoptosis,thereby inhibiting tumor growth.

关键词： Hydrangea serrata Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Anticancer Cell cycle arrest Apoptosis

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SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2702-2715页

作者： Hye Jin Shin Wooseong Lee Keun Bon Ku Gun young Yoon Hyun-Woo Moon Chonsaeng kim Mi-Hwa kim Yoon-Sun Yi Sangmi Jun Bum-Tae kim jong-Won Oh Aleem Siddiqui Seong-Jun kim Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center Gyeongnam Branch InstituteKorea Institute of ToxicologyJinju 52834Republic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuChungcheongbuk-do 28119Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Present address:Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a‘highly transmissible respiratory pathogen,leading to severe multiorgan ***,knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is *** this study,we report that SARSCoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral ***-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNAnucleocapsid cluster,thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process,followed by enhancing ATP ***,SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking,contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral *** EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation,among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral *** of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation,thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ***,oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung *** also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern,including alpha,beta,delta and omicron,in in vitro cell culture *** together,our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation,suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.

关键词： alterations aberrant thereby

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Factors affecting length of stay according to bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity:a nationwide cohort study in Korea

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 470-480页

作者： Hye Mi Lee Jeongmin Shin Sae Yun kim So young kim Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Pediatrics Yeouido St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea1063-roYeongdeungpo-guSeoul07345Republic of Korea

Background Longer hospitalizations for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)delay developmental outcomes,increase the risk for hospital-acquired complications,and exert a substantial socioeconomic *** study aimed to identify factors associated with an extended length of stay(LOS)at different levels of severity of *** A cohort study was conducted using the Korean Neonatal Network registry of very low birth weight infants with BPD between 2013 and 2017 through retrospective *** A total of 4263 infants were diagnosed with *** mild BPD,infants requiring surgical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus needed a longer LOS[eadjustedβcoefficients(adjβ)1.041;95%confidence interval(CI):0.01–0.08]and hydrocephalus(eadjβ1.094;95%CI 0.01–0.17).In moderate BPD,infants administered steroids or with intraventricular hemorrhage required a longer LOS(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.07 and eadjβ1.271;95%CI 0.11–0.38,respectively).In severe BPD,infants with comorbidities required a longer LOS:pulmonary hypertension(eadjβ1.174;95%CI 0.09–0.23),administrated steroid for BPD(eadjβ1.116;95%CI 0.07–0.14),sepsis(eadjβ1.062;95%CI 0.01–0.11),patent ductus arteriosus requiring surgical ligation(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.08),and intraventricular hemorrhage(eadjβ1.016;95%CI 0.05–0.26).Additionally,the higher the clinical risk index score,the longer the LOS needed for infants in all *** The factors affecting LOS differed according to the severity of *** approaches to reducing LOS may be devised using knowledge of the various risk factors affecting LOS by BPD severity.

关键词： Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Length of stay Very low birth weight

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MXene-based hybrid materials for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical H_(2) generation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 111-125,I0004页

作者： Jun young kim Seung Hun Roh Chengkai Xia Uk Sim Jung Kyu kim School of Material Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea Hydrogen Energy Technology Laboratory Korea Institute of Energy Technology(KENTECH)NajuJeollanamdo 58330Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea

The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar *** aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse ***(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent *** achieve sustainable green H_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based *** characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the ***-dimensional MXenes with M_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface ***,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for MXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water ***,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of MXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.

关键词： MXene Hybrid materials EC PEC HER OER Water splitting

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Recovery of cerium from glass polishing slurry

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第11期29卷 1075-1078页

作者： jong-young kim Ung-Soo kim Myeong-Seop Byeon Woo-Kyu Kang Kwang-Teak Hwang Woo-Seok Cho Icheon Branch Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and TechnologyGyeongchung Rd.Sindun-MyeonIcheon-siKyeonggi-do 467-843Korea RANCO Cheongju-siChungcheongbuk-doKorea

Cerium was extracted from rare earth slurry waste used for polishing a glass ***,glass frit and flocculant were removed by froth flotation and *** recovered rare earth slurry exhibited almost the same particle size distribution as original slurry,which could be reused as slurry for glass *** the rare earth slurry,the cerium solution was obtained by an oxidative thermal treatment and subsequent chemical *** cerium solution was further purified up to 94% by selective precipitation of rare earth species.

关键词： cerium separation waste polishing slurry rare earths

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