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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

Flash‑Induced High‑Throughput Porous Graphene via Synergistic Photo‑Effects for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第11期15卷 1-18页

作者： Jin Soo lee Jeong‑Wook Kim Jae Hee lee Yong Koo Son Young Bin Kim Kyoohee Woo Chanhee lee Il‑Doo Kim Jae Young Seok jong Won Yu Jung hwan Park Keon Jae lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak‑roYuseong‑guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak‑roYuseong‑guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Printed Electronics Nano‑Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research DivisionKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials(KIMM)156 Gajeongbuk‑RoYuseong‑GuDaejeon 34103Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology232 Gongneung‑roNowon‑guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering(Department of Aeronautics Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering)Kumoh National Institute of Technology61 Daehak‑roGumiGyeongbuk 39177Republic of Korea

Porous 2D materials with high conductivity and large surface area have been proposed for potential electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials in future mobility and wearable applications to prevent signal noise,transmission inaccuracy,system malfunction,and health ***,we report on the synthesis of lightweight and flexible flash-induced porous graphene(FPG)with excellent EMI shielding *** broad spectrum of pulsed flashlight induces photo-chemical and photo-thermal reactions in polyimide films,forming 5×10 cm^(2)-size porous graphene with a hollow pillar structure in a few *** resulting material demonstrated low density(0.0354 g cm^(−3))and outstanding absolute EMI shielding effectiveness of 1.12×10^(5) dB cm^(2) g^(−1).The FPG was characterized via thorough material analyses,and its mechanical durability and flexibility were confirmed by a bending cycle ***,the FPG was utilized in drone and wearable applications,showing effective EMI shielding performance for internal/external EMI in a drone radar system and reducing the specific absorption rate in the human body.

关键词： Porous graphene Flash lamp Photo-pyrolysis High-throughput Electromagnetic interference shielding

Application of an Artificial Neural Network for a Direct Estimation of Atmospheric Instability from a Next-Generation Imager

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第2期33卷 221-232页

作者： Su Jeong lee Myoung-hwan AHN Yeonjin lee Department of Atmospheric Science and Engineering Ewha Women’s University

Atmospheric instability information derived from satellites plays an important role in short-term weather forecasting, especially the forecasting of severe convective storms. For the next generation of weather satellites for Korea＇s multi-purpose geostationary satellite program, a new imaging instrument has been developed. Although this imaging instrument is not de- signed to perform full sounding missions and its capability is limited, its multi-spectral infrared channels provide information on vertical sounding. To take full advantage of the observation data from the much improved spatiotemporal resolution of the imager, the feasibility of an artificial neural network approach for the derivation of the atmospheric instability is investigated. The multi-layer perceptron model with a feed-forward and back-propagation training algorithm shows quite a sensitive re- sponse to the selection of the training dataset and model architecture. Through an extensive performance test with a carefully selected training dataset of 7197 independent profiles, the model architectures are selected to be 12, 5000, and 0.3 for the number of hidden nodes, number of epochs, and learning rate, respectively. The selected model gives a mean absolute error, RMSE, and correlation coefficient of 330 J kg-1, 420 J kg-1, and 0.9, respectively. The feasibility is further demonstrated via application of the model to real observation data from a similar instrument that has comparable observation channels with the planned imager.

关键词： CAPE artificial neural network instability geostationary imager

Wetting Characteristics of Insect Wing Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第1期6卷 63-70页

作者： Doyoung Byun jongin Hong Saputra Jin hwan Ko Young jong lee Hoon Cheol Park Bong-Kyu Byun Jennifer R.Lukes Department of Aerospace Information Engineering Artificial Muscle Research CenterKonkuk UniversitySeoul 143-701Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of PennsylvaniaPA 19104USA Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Artificial Muscle Research CenterKonkuk UniversitySeoul 143-701Republic of Korea Korea National Arboretum PocheonKyoungki 487-821Republic of Korea

Biological tiny structures have been observed on many kinds of surfaces such as lotus leaves,which have an effect on the coloration of Morpho butterflies and enhance the hydrophobicity of natural *** investigated the micro-scale and nano-scale structures on the wing surfaces of insects and found that the hierarchical multiple roughness structures help in enhancing the *** examining 10 orders and 24 species of flying Pterygotan insects,we found that micro-scale and nano-scale structures typically exist on both the upper and lower wing surfaces of flying *** tiny structures such as denticle or setae on the insect wings enhance the hydrophobicity,thereby enabling the wings to be cleaned more *** the hydrophobic insect wings undergo a transition from Cassie to Wenzel states at pitch/size ratio of about *** order to examine the wetting characteristics on a rough surface,a biomimetic surface with micro-scale pillars is fabricated on a silicon wafer, which exhibits the same behavior as the insect wing,with the Cassie-Wenzel transition occurring consistently around a pitch/width value of 20.

关键词： insect wing superhydrophobicity mimicry hierarchical structure micro- and nano-scale structures Cassie-Wenzel transition

Paraaortic lymph node metastasis in patients with intra-abdominal malignancies:CT vs PET

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第35期15卷 4434-4438页

作者： Mi-Jung lee Mi Jin Yun Mi-Suk Park Seung hwan Cha Myeong-Jin Kim jong Doo lee Ki Whang Kim Department of Diagnostic Radiology Research Institute of Radiological Science and Institute ofGastroenterology Yonsei University College of Medicine 134Sincheon-Dong Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 120-752 South Korea Department of Nuclear medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine 134 Sincheon-Dong Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 120-752 South Korea Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju 220-701South Korea

AIM： To compare the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography （CT） and positron emission tomography （PET） for the preoperative detection of paraaortic lymph node （PAN） metastasis in patients with intra- abdominal malignancies. METHODS： Sixty-six patients with intra-abdominal malignancies who underwent both CT and PET before lymphadenectomy were included in this study. Histopathologicaliy, 13 patients had metastatic PAN, while 53 had non-metastatic PAN. The CT criteria for metastasis were： short diameter ：）f 〉 8 mm, Iobular or irregular shape, and/or combined ancillary findings, including necrosis, conglomeration, vessel encasement, and infiltration. The PET criterion was positive fluorodeoxyglucose （FDG） uptake. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value （PPV）, negative predictive value （NPV）, and accuracy of both modalities were compared with the pathologic findings, and the false positive and false negative cases with both CT and PET were ***： The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of CT were 61.5%, 84.9%, 50%, 90% and 80.3%, respectively. For PET, the percentages were 46.2%, 100%, 100%, 88.3%, and 89.4%. Additionally, there were 8 false positive CT cases （8/53, 15.1%） and zero false positive PET cases. Of the 13 metastatic PANs, there were 5 false negative CT scans （38.5%） and 7 （53.9%） false negative PET ***： For detecting PAN metastasis, CT is more sensitive than PET, while PET is more specific.

关键词： Malignancy Paraaortic lymph node Computed tomography Positron emission tomography Sensitivity Specificity

Superiority of split dose midazolam as conscious sedation for outpatient colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第30期15卷 3783-3787页

作者： Hyuk lee Jeong hwan Kim Department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Capital HospitalSeongnam 135-710South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University School of MedicineSeoul 143-729South Korea

AIM: To elucidate the efficacy and safety of a split dose of midazolam in combination with meperidine for colonoscopy. METHODS: Eighty subjects undergoing outpatient colonoscopy were randomly assigned to group A or B. Group A (n = 40) received a split dose of midazolam in combination with meperidine. Group B (n = 40) received a single dose of midazolam in combination with meperidine. Outcome measurements were level of sedation, duration of sedation and recovery, degree of pain and satisfaction, procedure-related memory, controllability, and adverse events. RESULTS: Group A had a lower frequency of significant hypoxemia (P = 0.043) and a higher sedation score on withdrawal of the endoscope from the descending colon than group B (P = 0.043). Group B recovered from sedation slightly sooner than group A (P < 0.002). Scores for pain and memory, except insertion-related memory, were lower in group A one week after colonoscopic examination (P = 0.018 and P < 0.030, respectively). Poor patient controllability was noted by the endoscopist and nurse in group B (P = 0.038 and P = 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSION: Split dose midazolam in combination with meperidine resulted in a safer, more equable sedation status during colonoscopic examination and a reduction in procedure-related pain and memory, but resulted in longer recovery time.

关键词： Amnesia Colonoscopy Conscious sedation Midazolam

Nielsen type numbers and homotopy minimal periods for maps on the 3-nilmanifolds

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第3期51卷 351-360页

作者： jong Bum lee Department of Mathematics Sogang University Seoul 121-742 Korea

For all continuous maps on the 3-nilmanifolds, we give explicit formulae for a complete computation of the Nielsen type numbers NP_n(f)and Nφ_n(f). The most general cases were explored by Heath and Keppelmann and the complementary part is studied in this paper. While studying the homotopy minimal periods of all maps on the 3-nilmanifolds, we also give a complete description of the homotopy minimal periods for all maps on the 3-nilmanifolds, including a correction to Jezierski and Marzantowicz’s result.

关键词： homotopy minimal period Nielsen number Nielsen type number nilmanifold 55M20 57S30

Si nanomebranes: Material properties and applications

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 3010-3032页

作者： Arijit Sarkar Yongjun lee jong-Hyun Ahn School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Silicon(Si)has widely been used as an essential material in the modern semiconductor ***,new attempts have been actively made to apply Si to a variety of fields such as flexible electronic devices and biosensors by manufacturing Si nanomembranes(NMs)having nanometer *** particular,as the thickness of Si is reduced to a nanometer scale,its mechanical,electrical,and optical properties differ from that of its bulk form,which provides opportunities for the development of new conceptual *** this review,we present recent advances in Si NM technology that exhibit functional features different from the bulk *** addition,we discuss the opportunities and current challenges related to this field.

关键词： Si nanomebranes flexible electronics bio-integrated electronics Si optoelectronics strain engineering

Effects of surface roughness on bending properties of rolled AZ31 alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第4期11卷 1224-1235页

作者： Gyo Myeong lee jong Un lee Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea

This study investigated the effects of mechanical-polishing-induced surface roughness and the direction of polishing lines on the bending properties of a rolled AZ31 *** this end,three-point bending tests were performed on one sample without polishing lines(SS sample)and two samples with polishing lines—one in which the polishing lines were parallel to the rolling direction(RS-RD sample)and the other in which they were parallel to the transverse direction(RS-TD sample).In all three samples,macrocracks were formed in the width direction on the outer surface,where tensile stress was predominantly generated in the longitudinal ***,the macrocracks formed in the SS sample were curved because of the merging of uniformly formed fine microcracks,whereas those formed in the RS-TD sample were linear owing to the formation of relatively coarse microcracks along the polishing *** bendability of the samples was in the order of SS>RS-RD>RS-TD,and their limiting bending depths were 4.8,4.6,and 4.4 mm,*** the presence of mechanical-polishing-induced surface roughness,polishing lines perpendicular to the direction of the major stress(i.e.,tensile stress along the longitudinal direction)resulted in a greater degree of stress concentration on the outer surface of the bending *** higher stress concentration promoted the formation of undesirable{10–11}contraction and{10–11}–{10–12}double twins—which typically act as crack initiation sites—and thereby facilitated crack generation and ***,the surface roughness caused premature fracture during bending deformation,which,in turn,caused deterioration of the bendability of the rolled Mg alloy.

关键词： AZ31 alloy Bending Surface roughness Stress concentration Crack