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Pesticide exposures and respiratory health in general populations

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 361-370页

作者： Ming Ye Jeremy Beach jonathan w.martin Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan School of Public Health University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 1C9Canada Division of Preventive Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2T4Canada Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2GSCanada

Human exposures to pesticides can occur in the workplace,in the household and through the ambient *** several articles have reviewed the impact of pesticide exposures on human respiratory health in occupational settings,to the best of our knowledge,this article is the first one to review published studies on the association between pesticide exposures and human respiratory health in the general *** this article,we critically reviewed evidences up to date studying the associations between non-occupational pesticide exposures and respiratory health in general *** article also highlighted questions arising from these studies,including our recent analyses using the data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey（CHMS）,for future *** found few studies have addressed the impact of environmental pesticide exposures on respiratory health,especially on lung function,in general *** the studies using the data from CHMS Cycle 1,exposures to OP insecticides,pyrethroid insecticides,and the organochlorine pesticide DDT were associated with impaired lung function in the Canadian general population,but no significant associations were observed for the herbicide 2,*** research should focus on the potential age-specific and pesticide-specific effect on respiratory health in the general population,and repeated longitudinal study design is critical for assessing the temporal variations in pesticide *** findings from current studies of non-occupational pesticide exposures and their health impact in general population will help to improve the role of regulatory policies in mitigating pesticide-related public health problems,and thereafter providing greater benefit to the general population.

关键词： Canadian Health Measures Survey Environmental General population Pesticides Respiratory health

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A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada jonathan Cuccia Rachael Coates Blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth C.martin Adam T.Melvin Cain Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the MCF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

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匹配母亲血-脐带血中双酚A(BPA),双酚A代谢物和替代物的胎盘转移

匹配母亲血-脐带血中双酚A(BPA),双酚A代谢物和替代物的胎盘转移

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第八届全国分析毒理学大会暨中国毒理学会分析毒理专业委员会第五届会员代表大会

作者：刘嘉颖杨琳李敬光赵云峰罗凤基朱云洁 Elham K.Moez Irina Dinu 吴永宁 jonathan w.martin University of Alberta 国家食品安全风险评估中心卫生部食品安全风险评估重点实验室北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心

1,引言双酚A(BPA)是一种内分泌干扰物,在人类样本中广泛检出。然而,游离的BPA与共价结合的BPA在母婴之间的传递情况研究很少,并且游离BPA在人类血清中的存在情况一直具有争议。本研究对匹配的母亲血清与脐带血清中BPA,BPA代谢物和BPA替... 详细信息

1,引言双酚A(BPA)是一种内分泌干扰物,在人类样本中广泛检出。然而,游离的BPA与共价结合的BPA在母婴之间的传递情况研究很少,并且游离BPA在人类血清中的存在情况一直具有争议。本研究对匹配的母亲血清与脐带血清中BPA,BPA代谢物和BPA替代物的含量水平进行测定,评估胎儿体内BPA与BPA代谢物的来源,并对游离BPA与共价结合BPA的胎盘转移情况进行了比较。2,方法与样品本实验的血清样本分析应用了固相萃取方法和UPLC-MS/MS技术。本实验研究的61对匹配母亲静脉血与脐带血采集于中国石家庄市和北京市。母亲静脉血于产前2或3天收集,脐带血在产后立刻收集。所有新生儿均为健康体质无遗传性疾病。3,结果与讨论质量控制实验显示在样品的收集和储存过程中没有目标分析物质的污染,但样品前处理后观测到一定的BPA背景,在血清含量定量计算中扣除这一背景值。总BPA、游离BPA、BPA硫酸盐(BPA-S)和BPA葡萄糖醛酸苷浓度几何均数(ng/mL)在母亲血清中分别为0.307,0.124,0.062和0.018,脐带血清中分别为0.239,0.083,0.084和0.041。母亲血清中总BPA含量显著高于脐带血清中的总BPA(p<0.01),并且母亲血清与脐带血清中总BPA含量具有显著相关关系(p<0.01,r=0.30)。母亲血清中游离BPA与脐带血清中总BPA(p<0.01,r=0.19)和脐带血清中的BPA-S(p=0.01,r=0.18)有一定的相关性,其他母亲和脐带血清中相同形式的BPA及BPA代谢物之间没有显著的相关性。4,结论母亲血液中游离的BPA可能是本实验中胎儿体内总BPA的产前暴露重要来源之一。胎儿的代谢系统通过将游离BPA转化为BPA-S而导致脐带血中游离BPA含量水平下降。对母亲样本中游离BPA和总BPA的同时监测,特别是在怀孕的早期阶段,可以为暴露风险评估提供更加可靠的信息。

关键词：双酚A 双酚A代谢物双酚A替代物胎盘转移

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Mixed iridium-nickel oxides supported on antimony-doped tin oxide as highly efficient and stable acidic oxygen evolution catalysts

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 165-180页

作者： jonathan Ruiz Esquius Alec P LaGrow Haiyan Jin Zhipeng Yu Ana Araujo Rita Marques Adélio Mendes Lifeng Liu Clean Energy Cluster International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryAv.Mestre JoséVeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal Carbon Science and Technology Institute INCAR-CSICFrancisco Pintado Fe 26Oviedo 33011Spain Scientific Imaging Section Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gunOkinawa 904-0412Japan Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal.

Proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis represents a promising technology for green hydrogen production,but its widespread deployment is greatly hindered by the indispensable usage of platinum group metal catalysts,especially iridium(Ir)based materials for the energy-demanding oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Herein,we report a new sequential precipitation approach to the synthesis of mixed Ir-nickel(Ni)oxy-hydroxide supported on antimony-doped tin oxide(ATO)nanoparticles(IrNiyO_(x)/ATO,20 wt.%(Ir+Ni),y=0,1,2,and 3),aiming to reduce the utilisation of scarce and precious Ir while maintaining its good acidic OER *** tested in strongly acidic electrolyte(0.1 M HClO_(4)),the optimised IrNi1Ox/ATO shows a mass activity of 1.0 mAµgIr^(−1) and a large turnover frequency of 123 s^(−1) at an overpotential of 350 mV,as well as a comparatively small Tafel slope of 50 mV dec^(−1),better than the IrOx/ATO control,particularly with a markedly reduced Ir loading of only 19.7µgIr cm^(−2).Importantly,IrNi1O_(x)/ATO also exhibits substantially better catalytic stability than other reference catalysts,able to continuously catalyse acidic OER at 10 mA cm^(−2) for 15 h without obvious *** in-situ synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed that the Ir^(3+)/Ir^(4+)species are the active sites for the acidic ***,the performance of IrNi1Ox/ATO was also preliminarily evaluated in a membrane electrode assembly,which shows better activity and stability than other reference *** IrNi1Ox/ATO reported in this work is a promising alternative to commercial IrO_(2) based catalysts for PEM electrolysis.

关键词： mixed oxides oxygen evolution reaction polymer electrolyte membrane antimony doped tin oxide membrane electrode assembly

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Management of diverticular disease is changing

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3225-3228页

作者： martin H Floch jonathan A white Digestive Disease Section Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street1080 LMPPO Box 208019New HavenCT 06520United States Section of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital 24 Stevens StreetNorwalkCT 06856United States

Diverticular disease of the colon is primarily a disease of humans living in westernized and industrialized countries. Sixty percent of humans living in industrialized countries will develop colonic diverticula. It is rare before the age of 40, but more prone to complications when it occurs in the young. By age 80, over 65% of humans have colonic diverticula. The cause remains uncertain, but epidemiologic studies attribute it to dietary fiber deficiency. The cause of diverticulitis remains uncertain, but new observations and hypotheses suggest that it is due to chronic inflammation in the bowel wall. Standard medical therapies of bowel rest and antibiotics are still the recommended treatment. However, changing concepts and new therapies indicate that anti-inflammatory agents such as mesalamine and possibly probiotics may be helpful in shortening the course and perhaps preventing recurrences. Standard surgical treatment for perforation for severe acute disease has developed so that two-stage procedures are recommended. In addition, laparoscopic surgery has proven safe and may slowly become the technique of choice.

关键词： Diverticulitis Mesalamine Treatments

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Variant selection in stationary shoulder friction stir welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 198-208页

作者： Xiaoqing Jiang Bradley P.wynne jonathan martin Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Structural Parts Ministry of Education College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology Beijing University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Sheffield The welding Institute Granta Park

Stationary shoulder friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V of 7 mm thickness was conducted with varying welding speeds and rotation speeds. Variant selection analysis was carried out based on the inherited α phase texture and the reconstructed 13 phase texture. The weld surfaces became significantly smoother with increasing welding speed and decreasing rotation speed. Heat input decreased greatly with increased welding speed and it decreased slightly with decreased rotation speed. The orientation relationship between the prior 13 grains was measured based on the reconstructed electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD） data. weak Variant selection has occurred in all the welds because most of the prior 13 grains did not share { 110} poles. Strong links between crystal orientation of the prior 13 grains and hardness have been found.

关键词： Stationary shoulder friction stir welding Texture Variant selection Hardness

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The current performance of biodegradable magnesium-based implants in magnetic resonance imaging:A review

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第12期6卷 4360-4367页

作者： jonathan Espiritu martin Meier Jan-Marten Seitz Syntellix AG HannoverGermany Hannover Medical School HannoverGermany

Magnesium-based implants are re-emerging as a substantial amendment to standard orthopaedic implants.A brief introduction of magnesium(Mg)as a biodegradable material and basic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)principles are *** review aims to highlight the current performance of these implants during examinations with *** also aim to summarise comparisons between Mg-based implants with current standards to emphasise the promotion of biodegradable implants in clinical practice.A comprehensive search of current literature on Mg-based implants and the utilisation of MRI in the studies was ***,recorded artefact behaviour of Mg-based implants during MRI was investigated.A total of nine studies were included in which MRI was employed to image Mg-based *** those studies,four of the nine discuss artefact production caused by the *** successfully imaged regions of interest over all and produced fewer artefacts than other materials used in the *** was employed in contrast angiography,bone growth observation,bone infection healing,and blood *** capabilities of an implant material are vital to translating products into clinical *** findings presented in this review suggest and support the use of Mg-based implants due to their successful visual compatibility with MRI techniques.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Magnesium Biodegradable implants Medical imaging Patient safety

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Hydrogen peroxide ingestion with injury to upper gastrointestinal tract

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world Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第10期5卷 378-380页

作者： jonathan V martin Choichi Sugawa Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery 6-C University Health Center

Hydrogen peroxide is a common over-the-counter solution that has developed a growing body of literature regarding toxic ingestion. Intentional ingestion of high concentration hydrogen peroxide for health purposes has gained popularity in certain patient populations; purported benefits are due to the increased oxygen released into the blood stream. we present for evaluation one such case with associated imaging that presented to our urban medical center. A brief review of the literature was also performed noting current recommendations regarding both outcomes and indications for endoscopy as well as hyperbaric oxygen therapy following ingestion of hydrogen peroxide. Our patient was a 51-year-old white female who presented with foamy hematemesis after ingesting 10 drops of 35% hydrogen peroxide as part of a home remedy to cleanse her colon and improve blood oxygenation. In addition to hematemesis,she also reported diffuse abdominal pain with sore throat and hoarse voice. Her imaging demonstrated portal venous gas and gastric edema. She was admitted for hyperbaric oxygen therapy and underwent upper endoscopy demonstrating diffuse esophagitis and gastritis with white exudate and multiple petechiae. She was later discharged home in stable condition and was lost to follow-up.

关键词： Hydrogen peroxide Caustic injury Hyperbaric oxygen therapy Ingestion of hydrogen peroxide Arterial gas emboli

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Balanced and Unbalanced Components of Moist Atmospheric Flows with Phase Changes

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2019年第6期40卷 1005-1038页

作者： Alfredo N.wETZEL Leslie M.SMITH Samuel N.STECHMANN jonathan E.martin Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Atmospheric variables(temperature, velocity, etc.) are often decomposed into balanced and unbalanced components that represent low-frequency and high-frequency waves, respectively. Such decompositions can be defined, for instance, in terms of eigenmodes of a linear operator. Traditionally these decompositions ignore phase changes of water since phase changes create a piecewise-linear operator that differs in different phases(cloudy versus non-cloudy). Here we investigate the following question: How can a balanced–unbalanced decomposition be performed in the presence of phase changes? A method is described here motivated by the case of small Froude and Rossby numbers,in which case the asymptotic limit yields precipitating quasi-geostrophic equations with phase changes. Facilitated by its zero-frequency eigenvalue, the balanced component can be found by potential vorticity(PV) inversion, by solving an elliptic partial differential equation(PDE), which includes Heaviside discontinuities due to phase changes. The method is also compared with two simpler methods: one which neglects phase changes, and one which simply treats the raw pressure data as a streamfunction. Tests are shown for both synthetic, idealized data and data from weather Research and Forecasting(wRF) model simulations. In comparisons, the phase-change method and no-phase-change method produce substantial differences within cloudy regions, of approximately 5K in potential temperature, due to the presence of clouds and phase changes in the data. A theoretical justification is also derived in the form of a elliptic PDE for the differences in the two streamfunctions.

关键词： Potential vorticity inversion Moist atmospheric dynamics Slow-fast systems Balanced-unbalanced decomposition Elliptic partial differential equations

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Integrated Futures for Europe’s Mountain Regions: Reconciling Biodiversity Conservation and Human Livelihoods

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 276-286页

作者： jonathan Mitchley martin F.Price Joseph Tzanopoulos Imperial College London Wye campus High Street Wye Ashford Kent TN25 5AH UK The Centre for Mountain Studies Perth College UHI Millennium Institute Crieff Road Perth PH1 2NX UK CAER The University of Reading Earley Gate PO Box 237 Reading RG6 6AR UK

Europe＇s mountains cover nearly half of the continent＇s area and are home to one fifth of the European population. Mountain areas are hotspots of biodiversity and agriculture has played a multifunctional role in defining and sustaining mountain biodiversity. Ongoing trends of agricultural decline are having negative impacts on mountain biodiversity. This paper presents results from an interdisciplinary European research project, BioScene, which investigated the relationship between agriculture and biodiversity in six mountain study areas across Europe to provide recommendations for reconciling biodiversity conservation with social and economic activities through an integrated rural development strategy. BioScene used scenario analysis and stakeholder participation as tools for structuring the analysis of alternative mountain futures. Three main BioScene scenarios were evaluated： Business as Usual （BAIT）, Agricultural Liberalisation （Lib）, Managed Change for Biodiversity （MCB）. BioScene brought together ecologists, economists, sociologists and rural geogra- phers, to carry out interdisciplinary analysis of the scenarios： identifying key drivers of change, assessing the biodiversity consequences and evaluating costeffectiveness. BioScene used a sustainability assessment to integrate the research outputs across natural and social science disciplines to assess the broader sustainability of the scenarios in terms of biodiversity, natural resources, rural development, social development, economic development and institutional capacity. The sustainability assessment showed that the MCB scenario was potentially the most sustainable of the three BioScene scenarios. Through the reconciliation of potentially conflicting objectives, such as conservation, economic development and human livelihoods, and with a strong participatory planning approach, the MCB scenario could represent an alternative approach to BaU for sustainable rural development in Europe＇s mountains. BioScene co

关键词： Agriculture interdisciplinary research scenarios stakeholder participation sustainability assessment

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