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Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed,and injury rate during running?A randomised control trial

World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第5期14卷 348-361页

作者： Alice E Fortune jonathan m g sims george Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi Ltd.SouthportPR83NSUnited Kingdom School of medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEMerseysideUnited Kingdom

BACKgROUND Running is a hugely popular ***,running-related injury(RRI)rates are high,particularly amongst amateur and recreational *** ways to reduce RRI rates and maximise comfort and performance for runners is *** regarding whether orthotics can successfully improve these parameters is limited and *** research is required to provide runners with clearer guidance on the usefulness of *** To investigate the effect of Aetrex Orthotics on comfort,speed and RRI rates during recreational *** One hundred and six recreational runners were recruited on a voluntary basis via running clubs and social media pages and randomised into either the intervention or control *** in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics inserted in their usual running shoes,whilst participants in the control group ran in their usual running shoes with no *** study ran for an 8-wk *** provided data relating to running comfort,distance,and time during weeks *** provided data relating to any RRIs they sustained during all 8 *** distance and time were used to calculate running speed in miles per hour(mph).For each outcome variable,95%confidence intervals and P values were calculated to assess the statistical significance between the *** comfort and speed data,univariate multi-level analysis was performed,and for outcome variables with significant between group differences,multi-level multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate any confounding effects of gender and *** Ninety-four participants were included in the final analysis(drop-out rate=11%).Comfort and speed from 940 runs and 978 injury data reports were *** who ran with orthotics reported,on average,speeds 0.30 mph faster(P=0.20)and comfort scores 1.27 points higher(P≤0.001)than participants who ran with no *** were also 2.22 times less

关键词： Running Foot orthoses Running related injuries Pain Patient comfort Athletic performance

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Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed and injury rate during running?Preliminary analysis of a randomised control trial

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 652-661页

作者： Alice E Fortune jonathan m g sims Samantha J Rhodes george Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi LtdSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKgROUND Evidence regarding the effectiveness of using orthotics in improving comfort,increasing running speed and helping to reduce injury rate during running is limited and *** the increasing popularity of running is the increasing rate of running-related injuries(RRIs).Further research into whether orthotics could be used to help reduce RRIs would be highly beneficial for those ***,there is a need to clarify whether orthotics use increases comfort during running and helps improve running *** To investigate whether running with Aetrex Orthotics improves comfort and performance and reduces injury whilst *** Runners were recruited on a voluntary basis if they were 18 or older with no serious health conditions,ongoing foot pain or deformity,previous foot surgery in their lifetime or any surgery in the past 6 *** were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control *** participants were asked to complete runs and provide quantitative data regarding comfort during running,running time and distance,and any RRIs over an 8-wk study *** in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics,whilst participants in the control group ran without *** than the addition of orthotics for participants in the intervention group,all participants were asked to run as they usually *** report presents preliminary data from the first 47 participants recruited for this *** speed was calculated from running distance and time and given in miles per *** each outcome variable,the mean for each group,effect size and 95%confidence interval were calculated,and a t-test was performed to determine if between-group differences were statistically *** Data for all three primary outcomes was provided from a total of 254 runs by the 23 participants in the intervention group and a total of 289 runs by the 24 participants in the control ***

关键词： Running Foot orthoses Running related injuries Pain Patient comfort Athletic performance

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Use of orthotics with orthotic sandals versus the sole use of orthotics for plantar fasciitis:Randomised controlled trial

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第9期14卷 707-719页

作者： Portia Amoako-Tawiah Holly Love Jaida Chacko madathilethu Jessica LaCourse Alice E Fortune jonathan m g sims george Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolMerseysideLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Urology Royal Stoke University HospitalStaffordshireStoke ST46QGUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi Ltd.MerseysideSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKgROUND Plantar fasciitis(PF)affects around 10%of the *** orthotics with arch support has been shown to provide symptom relief in PF by decreasing the repetitive stress sustained by the plantar ***,prefabricated orthotics are only effective when shoes are worn,meaning the foot may be left unsupported when it is impractical to wear *** orthotic sandals in conjunction with prefabricated orthotics may increase PF symptom relief,as they can be worn inside the home,extending the period in which the foot is *** To compare the combined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals vs the sole use of prefabricated orthotics in the treatment of *** 98 participants with PF were randomised into two *** intervention group received the Aetrex L420 Compete orthotics and the Aetrex L3000 maui Flips(orthotic sandals),whilst the control group received the Aetrex L420 Compete orthotics *** pain was assessed both by the numerical rating scale(NRS)and the pain sub-scale of the foot health status questionnaire(FHSQ).Foot functionality was measured using the function sub-scale of the *** change was measured using the global rating of change scale(gROC).RESULTS Foot pain scores measured both by NRS and FHSQ pain sub-scale showed statistically significant reductions in foot pain in both groups(Pgroups also reported statistically significant improvements(Pmeasured by the FHSQ function subscale and improvement of symptoms as measured by the gROC ***-group analysis showed that the intervention group with the combined use of orthotics and orthotic sandals scored better on all four outcome measures as compared to the control group with the sole use of ***,the between-group analysis only reached statistical significance on the NRS pain score(Pmbined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals provides a greater d

关键词： Plantar fasciitis Foot diseases musculoskeletal pain Foot orthoses

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A holistic approach to improving safety for battery energy storage systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 422-439页

作者： James Close jonathan E.Barnard Y.m.John Chew Semali Perera Department of Chemical Engineering Centre for DigitalManufacturing&DesignUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK iomosaic International Limited 16-18 Queen SquareBath BA12HNUK

The integration of battery energy storage systems(BESS)throughout our energy chain poses concerns regarding safety,especially since batteries have high energy density and numerous BESS failure events have *** spread adoption will only increase the prevalence of these failure events unless there is a step change in the management and design of *** understand the causes of failure,the main challenges of BESS safety are *** consequences and failure events are discussed,including specific focus on the chain of events causing thermal runaway,and a case study of a BESS explosion in Surprise Arizona is *** on the technology and past events,a paradigm shift is required to improve BESS *** this review,a holistic approach is *** combines currently adopted approaches including battery cell testing,lumped cell mathematical modelling,and calorimetry,alongside additional measures taken to ensure BESS safety including the requirement for computational fluid dynamics and kinetic modelling,assessment of installation level testing of the full BESS system and not simply a single cell battery test,hazard and layers of protection analysis,gas chromatography,and composition *** holistic approach proposed in this study aims to address challenges of BESS safety and form the basis of a paradigm shift in the safety management and design of these systems.

关键词： Energy storagesystems Process safety Battery safety Thermal safety

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Phanerozoic co-evolution of O2-CO2 and ocean habitability

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 18-21页

作者： Zunli Lu Rosalind E.m.Rickaby jonathan L.Payne Ashley N.Prow Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Syracuse University Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Stanford University

Atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations are partially linked via the geological cycle of organic carbon （Fig. 1A–C; e.g. CO2+H2O■CH2O+O2）. The history of these two biologically active components, controls on their concentrations, and implications for the complexity of the biosphere and habitability of Earth have been hotly debated, but are generally considered independently.

关键词： CO2-CONCENTRATINg mECHANISm OXYgEN EVOLUTION ANOXIA

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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： jonathan C.mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart m.Phillips Department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses(PRISmA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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Jumping droplets

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Droplet 2024年第2期3卷 3-33页

作者： jonathan B.Boreyko Department of mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA

When microdroplets with quasi-spherical contact angles coalesce together on a low-adhesion substrate,the capillary-inertial expansion of the liquid bridge induces a dramatic out-of-plane jumping event due to symmetry *** the onset of merging,droplet jumping initiates after a capillary-inertial time scale of tci∼1–100μs with characteristic jumping speeds of order vj∼0.1m/*** coalescenceinduced jumping-droplet effect is most commonly observed among a population of growing dew droplets on a superhydrophobic condenser,but can also occur by colliding deposited droplets together or during droplet sliding on fog *** this review,we cover the historical development of capillary-inertial jumping droplets,summarize the decade-long effort to rationalize the ultra-low energy conversion efficiency and critical droplet size of the phenomenon,and then present 15 variations on a theme of ***-inertial jumping droplets are not only a visceral illustration of the surprising power of surface tension at the microscale but they also have the potential to enhance phase-change heat transfer,enable selfcleaning surfaces,combat frost formation,harvest energy,and govern the rate of disease spread for wheat crops.

关键词： capillary illustration rational

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Bacterial community network complexity and role of stochasticity decrease during primary succession

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 45-59页

作者： Yucheng He Binu m.Tripathi Jie Fang Zihao Liu Yaping guo Yue Xue jonathan m.Adams School of geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon 21990Republic of Korea

In microbial ecology,there is limited understanding of the mechanisms governing patterns in community structure across space and ***,we studied the changes of bacterial co-occurrence network structure over four primary successional soils after glacier retreat,including a sand dune system and three glacier foreland series,varying in timescale from centuries to *** found that in all series,network structure was most complex in the earliest stages of succession,and became simpler over *** and abundance of keystone species and network stability also declined over *** appears that with less productive,nutrient poor and physiologically extreme conditions of early succession,closer interactions among bacterial species are ecologically selected *** may take the form of consortia(with positive interactions)or stronger niche exclusion(with negative interactions).Additionally,we quantified the relative roles of different structuring processes on bacterial community using a bin-based null model analysis(iCAmP).With each successional series,community composition was initially governed by stochasticity,but as succession proceeded there was a progressive increase in deterministic selection over time,correlated with decreasing ***,our results show a consistency among the four series in long-term processes of community succession,with more integrated networks and greater stochasticity in early stages.

关键词： glacial retreat bacteria chronosequence co-occurrence network 16S rRNA sequencing community assembly

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Biofabrication of nanocomposite-based scaffolds containing human bone extracellularmatrix for the differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： Yang-Hee Kim Janos m.Kanczler Stuart Lanham Andrew Rawlings marta Roldo gianluca Tozzi jonathan I.Dawson gianluca Cidonio Richard O.C.Oreffo Faculty of medicine Bone and Joint Research GroupCentre for Human DevelopmentStem Cells and RegenerationInstitute of Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUK School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichGreenwich ME44TBUK Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-Science(CLN2S) Italian Institute of Technology00161 RomeItaly

Autograft or metal implants are routinely used in skeletal ***,they fail to provide long-term clinical resolution,necessitating a functional biomimetic tissue engineering *** use of native human bone tissue for synthesizing a biomimeticmaterial inkfor three-dimensional(3D)bioprintingof skeletal tissueis anattractivestrategyfor ***,human bone extracellular matrix(bone-ECm)offers an exciting potential for the development of an appropriate microenvironment for human bone marrow stromal cells(HBmSCs)to proliferate and differentiate along the osteogenic *** this study,we engineered a novel material ink(LAB)by blending human bone-ECm(B)with nanoclay(L,Laponite®)and alginate(A)polymers using extrusion-based *** inclusion of the nanoﬁller and polymeric material increased the rheology,printability,and drug retention properties and,critically,the preservation of HBmSCs viability upon *** composite of human bone-ECm-based 3D constructs containing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEgF)enhanced vascularization after implantation in an ex vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAm)*** inclusion of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BmP-2)with the HBmSCs further enhanced vascularization and mineralization after only seven *** study demonstrates the synergistic combination of nanoclay with biomimetic materials(alginate and bone-ECm)to support the formation of osteogenic tissue both in vitro and ex vivo and offers a promising novel 3D bioprinting approach to personalized skeletal tissue repair.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Nanoclay Bone 3D bioprinting

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Tree mycorrhizal associations determine how biodiversity,large trees,and environmental factors drive aboveground carbon stock in temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 448-456页

作者： Yue Chen Zikun mao jonathan A.myers Jinghua Yu Xugao Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang110016China Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA

Biodiversity,large trees,and environmental conditions such as climate and soil have important effects on forest carbon ***,recent studies in temperate forests suggest that the relative importance of these factors depends on tree mycorrhizal associations,whereby large-tree effects may be driven by ectomycorrhizal(Em)trees,diversity effects may be driven by arbuscular mycorrhizal(Am)trees,and environment effects may depend on differential climate and soil preferences of Am and Em *** test this hypothesis,we used forest-inventory data consisting of over 80,000 trees from 631 temperate-forest plots(30 m×30 m)across Northeast China to examine how biodiversity(species diversity and ecological uniqueness),large trees(top 1%of tree diameters),and environmental factors(climate and soil nutrients)differently regulate aboveground carbon stocks of Am trees,Em trees,and Am and Em trees combined(*** aboveground carbon stock).We found that large trees had a positive effect on both Am and Em tree carbon ***,biodiversity and environmental factors had opposite effects on Am *** tree carbon ***,the two components of biodiversity had positive effects on Am tree carbon stocks,but negative effects on Em tree carbon *** heterogeneity(mean annual temperature and soil nutrients)also exhibited contrasting effects on Am and Em tree carbon ***,for the total carbon stock,the positive large-tree effect far surpasses the diversity and environment *** is mainly because when integrating Am and Em tree carbon stock into total carbon stock,the opposite diversity-effect(also environment-effect)on Am *** tree carbon stock counteracts each other while the consistent positive large-tree effect on Am and Em tree carbon stock is *** summary,this study emphasized a mycorrhizal viewpoint to better understand the determinants of overarching aboveground carbon profile across regional forests.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecological uniqueness Environment heterogeneity Large trees mycorrhizal associations Tree carbon stock

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